Visionary Action towards Livable Urban Environments 2020

Planning and Design for Livable Transit – Mumbai Experience Pallavi Kulkarni
Livability on the trains and station areas in Mumbai
Improvement in Station Design and Engineering
Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation
2004-2007
 Goregaon

43%
Kurla
X

57%
Bandra

Dadar
X
Tot. Pk. Hr.
Passengers
46,000
Mumbai X
Central X Byculla
39% Walk
32% Bus
Victoria
16% Rick.
Churchgate X
 Western Expressway

BKC

S.V.R
oad

Metro station

Proposed Bandra-Kurla metro

line

• Heritage station
Proposed Charkop-Colaba
metro line
• Established mixed land use
• Vacant land available
 Station entrance improvement

t i on
o se d Metro Sta
Prop

Landscape
development
FOB Link to Metro
Station & Bus Stand
Auto rickshaw loop
 Drop Off area

Conservation of
Heritage Structures

Station Forecourt
Bandra Station Area - 2005
Bandra Station Area - 2020
Conception of MUTP by MMRDA – 2002

Mumbai Metro Masterplan by DMRC – 2004

146 km Metro Network, 9 corridors in 3 phases

Comprehensive Transportation Study – 2008

Vision - Transit to Transform
Extension of network in MMR region – 12 corridors – 276 km network

Commissioning of Metro Line 1 – 2011

Commencement of Work – Metro Line 3 – 2015

Commencement of Work – Metro Line 2 and 7 - 2017

National Urban Transport Policy 2006
Ensure safe, affordable, quick, comfortable, reliable and sustainable access for the growing number of city
residents to jobs, education, recreation and such other needs within our cities.

encourage greater use of public transport and nonmotorized modes

Central financial assistance to enable the establishment of quality focused multi-modal public transport
systems that are well integrated, providing seamless travel across all modes.

Metro Rail Policy – 2013 – MoUHA

Integration between various modes like roadway, railways, nonmotorized transport, and other modes of
transport enhances the mobility
Promotes integration of existing railway suburban services or circular rail systems with the metro rail and
other transport modes.

Metro Rail Policy – 2017 - MoUHA

Central Govt. grants 10% of funds for the Metro projects. One of the conditions while granting such funds,
MoHUA insists for detailed Multimodal Integration Plans.
 1. MMRDA proposes 276 km long metro network in MMR
Line Name of Corridor Estimated Daily Length
Ridership (km)
1 Versova – Andheri – Ghatkopar 800,000 11.4
2A Dahisar - D.N. Nagar   18.6
2B D.N. Nagar – Bandra – Mandale 1,050,000 23.6
3 Colaba – Bandra – SEEPZ - under MMRC 1,700,000 33.5
4 Wadala – Ghatkopar – Mulund –Thane – Kasarwadavali 1,210,000 32.3
4A Kasarwadavli – Gaimukh 130,000 2.7
5 Thane – Bhiwandi – Kalyan 303,000 24.9
6 SS Nagar – Jogeshwari – Kanjurmarg-Vikhroli 770,000 14.5
7 Dahisar (E) – Andheri (E) 670,000 16.5
8 CSIA - NMIA 500,000 35
9 Dahisar - Mira Bhaindar & Andheri - CSIA 442,000 13.5
10 Gaimukh – Shivaji Chowk - 11.2
11 (4 Extn) Wadala – Azad Maidan 740,000 14
12 Kalyan – Dombivali – Taloja - 25
  Total length of metro network   276.7

Corridor under Operation

2. Congested sub urban station areas due to confluence of multiple

travel modes – Same for Existing Metro Line 1

3. Absence of safe and efficient access-dispersal system using

all modes of transport

Mumbai Metro Masterplan

Why Multi-Modal Integration Now?
Realisation of significance of related
components of metro system

Change in Approach to Metro

Development
 Infrastructure Development Approach
Project Systems
Approach Approach

Problem Goal: Project Problem

Identification Identification
Completion
Goal: Improving
Solution overall System
Identification: Identifying
Road/MRTS Result: Asset/Service Solution: MRTS
creation
Vs. Identifying Result: Better user
Project
Structuring:
Main project+ experience
related
Metro/Mono projects:
Metro+station
area+feeder
Implementation No Institutional Simultaneous Institutional Integration
Integration Implementation
of Main & related
Required
projects
Operation &
maintenance Operation & Physical
Maintenance Fare
of Main + Stakeholders
related parts
IPT
 Project Approach

Transit Station Station Precinct Metro Station Station Precinct Metro Station Station Precinct

Main Project - Connected System Parts Undesirable Experience

Walking (49%)
Bus (35%)
IPT (10%)
Private vehicles (5%)
Cycling (1%)

Mumbai Metro Line -1 (Ghatkopar – Versova)

 Systems Approach
Tamachi Metro station, Tokyo Shady Grove Metro Station, Maryland Toyosu Metro station, Tokyo

Transit Station Planned Station Area Footpath Bus Stop Well-defined Entry
Under Station Transit Station
Footpath Transit Station
ROW

Quality Pedestrian Infra Convenient Transfer to Bus Easy & Safe Access
 Multimodal Integration Planning

Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority

2017 onwards
 Multimodal Integration Planning
Package II
• Divided into Two Packages
Stations
• East – West Connectivity Consideration
Taking two metro lines, Suburban trains as one System
• Package – I (15 stations of Southside)
• Package – II (15 stations of North-side)

Planning Components
• Delineation of Study Area
Package I
Stations • Data Collection and Analysis
• Multimodal Integration Planning
• Development of Feeder Network
• Preparation of Tender Documents
• Traffic Simulation
Objectives

Integration with Improve Traffic Improve

Enhance station Flow around Increase Ridership station – area
other Public
accessibility Metro Stations aesthetics
Transport Modes

Station Accessibility Plan to provide seamless integration between Metro Stations and other transport modes
like walking, bicycling, public transport, feeder buses, IPT and private transport.
Planning Data
• Topographic Survey
• Land use Study- Development Plan
• Land ownership
• Road widening
Road length to be surveyed indicated on google image

Traffic Data
• Classified Volume Counts
• Turning Movement Counts
• Speed and Delay Traffic Survey Locations

• O-D
• Bus Stops, bus routes
• Parking
Modal Share Comparison

Variation in Modal Share based on secondary and primary data

70.00%

60.00% 59%

50.00% 49% 48%

44%

40.00%
35% 34%
34%
32%
30.00%

20.00%

14%
12%
10% 10%
10.00%
5% 6% 6%
3%
0.00%
Andheri suburban 1999 Goregaon Suburban 2005 Metro Line 1 2014 MMI Study Avg (Dahisar+ Borivali+
Kandivali suburban)
2018

Walk BEST IPT Others

 Modal Share Average / Adopted

60.00%
Average 60%
Modal Share Adopted
49.34% 50%
50.00% 50%

40.00% 40%
34.71%

30.00% 30%
25%
20%
20.00% 20%
12.97%
10.00% 10%
5%
2.62%
0.00% 0%
Walk Bus IPT Others Walk Bus IPT Others

Accessibility Priority for design

1. NMT – Walk – Pedestrian Infrastructure – footpaths, street furniture

Cycles/Battery operated vehicles – Cycle Tracks - Cycle docks
2. Bus/PT – Access road, Bus stops, foot paths
3. IPT – Autorickshaw / Taxi / App based Taxis – Pickup / drop off facilities
Seamless Access Last Mile Connectivity

 Make intermodal transfers easier and more seamless

 Provide the shortest direct route to pedestrians and

non-motorized modes to station as well as between
building blocks

 Feeder system in the residential areas

Identity

Love Mumbai installation at Kala Ghoda Festival

• Attractive & comfortable public realm with

a strong sense of place in order to support
walking and to promote the use of public
transport

• Dilapidated and limited use sites can be

transformed into area of active citizen
participation
 Signage and Way finding
• use of signage and maps at key navigational decision points, use
of landmarks and improved sight lines

• Preferably under the station boxes, based on pedestrian

accessibility

Source: City of Toronto

References:
• IRC: 67-2012, Code of Practice for Road Signages (Third Revision)
• Standard Code of Practice for Signages, Institute of Urban Transport (IUT)
 Street Furniture

• Trash Receptacles
• Tree guard
• Benches
• City map + ad panel
• Vending kiosk + ad panel
• Railings / Bollards / Hedges

MG Road, Bengaluru
Bandongri Metro Station – Metro Line 2A
Delineation of Bandongri Station Catchment Area
Absence of footpath near Prime land abutting the
Growel’s Mall
junction causing pedestrians to highway is encroached by
walk on carriageway slum.

Unsafe pedestrian crossings/No

pedestrian Crossings Slum
Opportunity to redevelop
land parcel to exploit
Hawkers encroach upon the Gaushala development potential, ease
road reducing effective width of traffic movement and
carriageway improving quality of
environment
Hawkers encroach upon the
footpath reducing effective
width of footpath
Slum Street furniture is of great
importance to the elderly,
those with limited mobility,
Available width of footpath is and adults who have small
insufficient to cater to Metro children; but in addition
Commuters access-dispersal they give a comforting and
appealing environment.
Physical encroachments,
activities on roads creating
bottlenecks to traffic movement Sports Landscaping provides shade
and enhanced walking
Authority environment. It also acts as
Poor Signage, absence of of India a barrier to reduce air and
Wayfinding and Street Furniture noise pollution.

Absence of NMT / bicycle

infrastructure 38
 WEH - Bandongri Metro

Station under construction

Existing Service Road

Existing FOB across WEH

Bandongri Metro Station Area (WEH looking towards Dahisar)
Development Around Station Area
 Sports Authority of
India campus

Bandongri Metro Station Area (WEH looking towards Andheri) Bandongri Metro Station under
construction
 Gaushala, Growel’s Mall and connectivity to Kandivali Station

Growel’s Mall

Goushala

Goushala

Bandongri Metro Station Area

(Akurli Road - West)
Skywalk connecting Kandivali
Station

41
Western Express Highway Cross Section

Queuing at Gas Station

Western Express Highway Cross Section – looking Dahisar

Akurli Road - Cross Section

Skywalk connecting Kandivali Towards Growel’s Mall

Station

Akurli Road underpass

Missing Pedestrian Facilities

Poor LoS on Footpaths – Parking along roads reducing carriageway

Unsafe Crossing hawkers, utilities, poor design
Utilities

46
Poor Signage and Wayfinding
 LOS as per Current Condition
Lanes at present PCU/hr  v/c Ratio LOS

Sr.No CVC Location Name of Towards Towards Towards Towards

. Road Towards Towards Towards Dahisar Andheri Towards Dahisar Andheri Dahisar Andheri
Dahisar Andheri
Mornin Mornin Evenin Mornin Mornin
Morning Evening g Evening Morning Evening g g g Evening g Evening

Near Bandongri FOB-

1 Line 7 WEH 4 Lanes 5 Lanes 5523 7832 8730 5590 0.81 1.14 1.02 0.65 D F F B

Near IC Colony Road-

2 Line 2A Link Road 3 Lanes 3 Lanes 1987 2453 2417 2200 0.48 0.59 0.58 0.53 A A A A

Kamraj Nagar(near
3 Mahatma Gandhi Link Road 3 Lanes 3 Lanes 2384 2943 2901 2640 0.58 0.71 0.70 0.64 A C B B
Road) -Line 2A

LOS for 2031

Lanes at present PCU/hr   v/c Ratio LOS
Towards Towards Towards Towards
Sr.No. CVC Location Towards Towards
Towards Dahisar
Andheri
Towards Dahisar
Andheri Dahisar Andheri
Dahisar Andheri
Morning Evening Morning Evening Morning Evening Morning Evening Morning Evening Morning Evening
Near Bandongri FOB-
1 Line 7 4 Lanes 5 Lanes
12733 17440 20125 12812 1.86 2.54 2.35 1.49 F F F F
2 Near IC Colony Road- 3 Lanes 3 Lanes
Line 2A 4719 5752 5724 5170 1.14 1.39 1.38 1.25 F F F F
Kamraj Nagar(near
3 Mahatma Gandhi 3 Lanes 3 Lanes
Road)-Line 2A 5617 6868 6800 6173 1.36 1.66 1.64 1.49 F F F F
 Towards Dahisar Akurli Junction

104 970
2
Towards Kandivali Station

749

1196
1042
724 Towards Lokhandwala
50% 128
8

50%

11

Left Turn Traffic

Straight Traffic
950 Right Turn Traffic
Towards Andheri
Modal Share distribution (as per adopted modal share) – Bandongri Station
 Towards Kandivali
Suburban Railway station
1.5KM from
Bandongri
Metro Station
Improvement of road and
footpaths

Existing FOB

Re-arranging lane configuration of Proposed FOB, strengthening Proposed FOB connecting

Western Express Highway and widening pedestrian connectivity to the east with existing FOB to
of footpaths for better accessibility side of the WEH Kandivali Railway Station

STATION BOX
Junction Improvement for
better commuting of
pedestrians and vehicles
Towards Andheri

Towards Dahisar

Proposal of bus bays,

IPT stands and cycle
docks to encourage
use of NMT and PT Proposed amenities such as Proposed landscaping provides shade
newspaper stand, charging and enhanced walking environment. It
kiosks, signages, lamp-posts, also acts as a barrier to reduce air and
street furniture to enhance noise pollution and thus minimize
commuter experiences. adverse environmental impact

Towards
Multi Modal Integration of Bandongri Metro Station Lokhandwala Township
 Existing skywalk to Kandivali Station

Integration of proposed
skywalk with existing skywalk
Reorganizing street vendors

Reorganizing traffic junction

Integration with Existing FOB Proposed skywalk connecting
across WEH Kandivali Station

Reorganizing traffic
junction with
Railing along landscaping
footpath Cycle docks Signage
 Newspaper stand Pergola/Shelters
Bus lane for MSRTC buses
Trees along footpath
Reorganized queening along gas pump

Reorganizing Service Road

Proposed FOB across

WEH for connectivity
across the highway

Hedge / landscape
along footpath

Auto rickshaw pick-up

drop off point

Bollards
Benches
Improved pavement Proposed Lift
60
Kandivali East Existing Routes
Feeder Route developing Criteria

1. Shortest Path deviation criteria is 1.4.

2. Route lengths < 10Km (for east – west connectivity)
3. Journey Time < 50 mins.
4. Metro stations have been considered of higher
Potential demand.
5. Origin and destination Criteria: Parking and
manoeuvrability (Depot, Railway station and bus
station).

Total 20 Routes.
Proposed Feeder Scheme for Bandongri, Mahindra
and Magathane Stations
 Parking space for bicycles

Smartbike application implemented in HMRL

Pedestrian walk way – Miyapur metro station, Hyderabad

 Street Design for Maulana Shaukat Ali Road
Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai – Mumbai Street Lab
2019
 Site Context

Maulana Shaukat Ali road is situated in

Grant Road in Mumbai’s Ward C, Ward D
and Ward E. The road is surrounded by
areas – Kumbharwada, Kamathipura,
Girgaon, Chor Bazaar.

Underground construction of
Metro line 3 on Lamington Road
E
D
C

Legend: Maulana Shaukhat Ali Road

Arterial road -
Sub-Arterial road -
Collector road - The nearest suburban railway station on western line, Grant Road station, is at a
M.S.Ali Road connects to Mohammed Ali Road on the east and Nana Chowk on the distance of 250m from M.S.Ali Road. Second nearest station, Byculla, on central line
Mumbai Metro Line is at a distance of 850m from M.S.Ali Road.
3 is proposed from west. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Road runs parallel to M.S.Ali Road.
Colaba – Seepz.

Grant road metro

station on Metro
line 3 is proposed
at the junction of
M.S.Ali Road and
Lamington Road.
 Historic Significance Maulana Shaukat Ali
Maulana Shaukat Ali, one half of the famous ‘Ali Brothers’, was an Indian
Muslim leader of the Khilafat Movement that erupted in response to the fall
of the Ottoman Empire. 

Do Tanki Junction
‘Do Tanki Junction’, is named after
two tanks that many decades ago
provided water for a tram station.

Do Tanki Today, the original tanks have been

Junction covered and a defunct fountain that
had once come up in their place
stands forlornly.

The fountain has been walled in on

three sides with a VP Road police
chowky on the other side, making it
a spot for policemen to get some
rest.

Presence of Single Screen Cinema Theatres

We observed, there are 5 single screen cinema theatres on M.S.Ali road and 15
in the vicinity around. These single screen cinemas acted as a space of
entertainment in Bombay during British Era.
Legend :
Single screen theaters Except the Novelty cinema all others are still in operation.
 Land Use
Land use along the road edge of M.S.Ali road is mixed-use development
(residential-commercial).

Green open space, industrial land use, educational and medical amenities are
observed at the west of Do Tanki Junction.

Existing Landuse
Residential Industrial Use Educational Amenities
Commercial Slum Cluster Transport
Social Amenities Open Space Medical Amenities

It is observed, in D.P 2034, 2 land parcels on M.S.Ali Road are converted from
industrial and slum cluster to Garden/Park (ROS 1.5).

On P.B.Marg, a residential land parcel is converted to Parking lot (RT 1.6).

Proposed DP 2034
Residential Industrial Use Educational Amenities
Commercial Public Housing Transport
Social Amenities Open Space Medical Amenities
Transportation Structure
Social – Physical Infrastructure

Novelty Theatre Nishat Cinema Super Plaza Cinema Anjuman Islam College and School BMC Eye Hospital Masjid

Social and Physical Infrastructure Mapping

BMC Market Petrol Pump Royal Talkies Durgadevi Reservoir and

BMC Public Toilet Do Taki Police Chowky BMC Public Toilet
research centre
Building Analysis

Building Use

Building Height
 Historic Significance

Information source : UDRI

Cessed Buildings

Pannalal Terrace Adie Mansion Karim Building Sayeed Building Alfred Talkies Do Taki Water
fountain

Information source : UDRI

Heritage Mapping
Mapping Activities

1
5 2

3 5 1. Concrete benches on footpath at a

1 3 junction of internal road.
2. Parking of vehicles on footpath.
3. Extension of hawkers stall on footpath
and road.
4. Varied users on street..
5. Newspaper reading kiosk.
6. Unauthorised on-street parking.
7. Shrine on footpath covers the entire
width of footpath forcing people to
take a detour.

2 3 4 6 7
Mapping Activities
D B C A

1
2 4

C A
D B

1 1 3 3 1. Industrial activities at the road edge.

2. Furniture display on road for sale.
3. On-street unauthorised parking.
4. Un-regulated sewage waste
management space.
5. Loading and un-loading of materials of
industrial activities.

2 2 4 4
Mapping Activities

1. On-street unauthorised parking

throughout the street.
2. BMC authorised hawkers on footpath
3. White pigeon feeding area.
4 3 6 4. Shiva shrine under the tree along
with flower garland hawker.
5. Unauthorised hawkers on footpath.
6. Kabutarkhana.

1 3 4 5

2 2
6
Mapping Activities
Key Plan - M.S Ali road 3

P.B

e
1. On-street unauthorised parking

Lan
.M

causing congestion.
arg

Arab
2. Unauthorised hawkers on footpath
and roads.
3. Unsafe pedestrian crossing.
4. Faded and missing zebra crossing at
4 the junction.
2 5. Unsafe pedestrian circulation due to
5 narrow footpath at the east of the
6 junction.

1 5

1 M.S.Ali Road

3
P.B 2 6
.M
ar
Lane adi

g
10
w
Khet
 Street Life

Section AA Section BB

Section CC Section DD
For section lines refer site plan of Activity mapping sheet
Issues Damaged and underutilized pedestrian infrastructure
 Existing street furniture is not maintained for public use.
 Street furniture not available at regular interval for pedestrians.
 Parking of vehicles on footpath leads to insufficient width of
footpath for pedestrians.
 Encroachment of hawkers on footpath doesn’t allow people to
walk freely.
 Shrine encroached on footpath leading to insufficient width of
footpath for pedestrians.
 Absence of tactile tiles and kerb ramps for specially abled.
 Inaccessible bus stop due to hawkers on footpath and on-street
parking on road edge.
 Heritage structures are not recognized and maintained leading to
loss of cultural heritage.

Unsafe Environment
 Absence of efficient pedestrian movement and unsafe road crossings .
 Absence of table-top crossing at un-signalized junctions.
 Unsafe pedestrian circulation due less width and damaged footpath.
 Encroachment of hawkers on road leading to unsafe environment.
 Un-regulated and un-organised sewage waste management on road leads to un-hygienic condition.
 In-active edge of road due to on-street parking and BMC authorised hawkers face footpath.

Traffic due to un-authorised ancillary activities on road edge

 Unauthorised on-street parking leading to insufficient road width for vehicular movement.
 Resale of furniture on road, leading to insufficient road widths.
 Loading and un-loading of materials of industrial activities leading to traffic on road.
Proposal Proposal