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    Sampling & Quantization: UNIT-5

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    mrameshme
    The document provides an overview of key concepts related to sampling and quantization of analog signals for digital representation. It discusses the low-pass sampling theorem, aliasing, signal reconstruction, uniform and non-uniform quantization, quantization noise, companding, PAM, PPM, PWM, PCM, and TDM/FDM techniques. The document contains diagrams to illustrate various sampling methods, quantization approaches, and modulation techniques used to convert analog signals to digital form for transmission and storage.

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    Sampling & Quantization: UNIT-5

    Uploaded by

    mrameshme
    37 views37 pages
    The document provides an overview of key concepts related to sampling and quantization of analog signals for digital representation. It discusses the low-pass sampling theorem, aliasing, signal reconstruction, uniform and non-uniform quantization, quantization noise, companding, PAM, PPM, PWM, PCM, and TDM/FDM techniques. The document contains diagrams to illustrate various sampling methods, quantization approaches, and modulation techniques used to convert analog signals to digital form for transmission and storage.

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    Unit 5

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    The document provides an overview of key concepts related to sampling and quantization of analog signals for digital representation. It discusses the low-pass sampling theorem, aliasing, signal reconstruction, uniform and non-uniform quantization, quantization noise, companding, PAM, PPM, PWM, PCM, and TDM/FDM techniques. The document contains diagrams to illustrate various sampling methods, quantization approaches, and modulation techniques used to convert analog signals to digital form for transmission and storage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    37 views37 pages

    Sampling & Quantization: UNIT-5

    Uploaded by

    mrameshme
    The document provides an overview of key concepts related to sampling and quantization of analog signals for digital representation. It discusses the low-pass sampling theorem, aliasing, signal reconstruction, uniform and non-uniform quantization, quantization noise, companding, PAM, PPM, PWM, PCM, and TDM/FDM techniques. The document contains diagrams to illustrate various sampling methods, quantization approaches, and modulation techniques used to convert analog signals to digital form for transmission and storage.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 37

    Sampling & Quantization

    UNIT-5

    Prepared by,
    Ramesh.M, AP/ECE
    Contents
    • Low pass sampling theorem
    • Aliasing
    • Signal Reconstruction
    • Quantization (Uniform & Non
    Uniform)
    • Quantization Noise
    • Logarithmic Companding
    • PAM, PPM, PWM, PCM
    • TDM & FDM
    ANALOG MODULATION PULSE MODULATION
    Analog Digital
    Low pass sampling theorem
    Sampling
    • Sampling is the process of converting continuous time signal in to
    discrete signal
    • Sufficient no. of samples must be taken, so that the original signal is
    reconstructed properly.
    (Nyquist Theorem)
    X =

    Frequency Domain
    Aliasing
    Aliasing
    • The interference of high frequency component with low frequency
    components in the spectrum of the sampled version is called aliasing.

    • How to avoid aliasing:

    • Pre-alias filter or bandlimited filter can be used.


    • fs>=2fm
    Types of Sampling

    Sampling

    Instantaneous (or)
    Impulse (or) Flat Top Sampling Natural Sampling
    Ideal Sampling
    Ideal Sampling
    Natural Sampling
    • Analog signal m(t) is sampled by flat top rectangular pulses with finite
    width.
    • The top of each pulse in the sampled signal retains the shape of
    original signal.
    Flat Top Sampling
    • It uses sample & hold method.
    • It is practically possible.
    • It has very high noise interference.
    PULSE AMPLITUDE MODULATION (PAM)
    • Pulse amplitude modulation is the basic form of pulse modulation.
    • In this modulation, the signal is sampled at regular intervals and each
    sample is made proportional to the amplitude of the modulating
    signal.

    Generation of PAM
    Detection of PAM
    Transmission bandwidth
    Quantization
    • Quantization is the process of mapping continuous amplitude
    (analog) signal into discrete amplitude (digital) signal
    Quantization
    Types of Quantization
    Quantization

    Uniform Nonuniform
    quantization quantization

    Midtread

    Midrise

    Biased
    Mid-tread Mid-rise
    Pulse Code Modulation
    Time Division Multiplexing
    • Time division multiplexing (TDM) is a communications process that
    transmits two or more streaming digital signals over a common
    channel. In TDM, incoming signals are divided into equal fixed-length
    time slots. 
    Time Division Multiplexing
    TDM block diagram

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