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    Types and Working Principle of Elevator

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    Vala Vraj M.
    This document discusses two main types of elevators - traction elevators and hydraulic elevators. Traction elevators use a system of ropes and counterweights to balance the cabin weight for efficient lifting. Hydraulic elevators use pressurized fluid in a cylinder to lift the cabin directly. Both have advantages like smooth operation but hydraulic elevators have disadvantages of higher costs and limited lifting capacity compared to traction elevators.

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    Types and Working Principle of Elevator

    Uploaded by

    Vala Vraj M.
    328 views17 pages
    This document discusses two main types of elevators - traction elevators and hydraulic elevators. Traction elevators use a system of ropes and counterweights to balance the cabin weight for efficient lifting. Hydraulic elevators use pressurized fluid in a cylinder to lift the cabin directly. Both have advantages like smooth operation but hydraulic elevators have disadvantages of higher costs and limited lifting capacity compared to traction elevators.

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    This document discusses two main types of elevators - traction elevators and hydraulic elevators. Traction elevators use a system of ropes and counterweights to balance the cabin weight for efficient lifting. Hydraulic elevators use pressurized fluid in a cylinder to lift the cabin directly. Both have advantages like smooth operation but hydraulic elevators have disadvantages of higher costs and limited lifting capacity compared to traction elevators.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    328 views17 pages

    Types and Working Principle of Elevator

    Uploaded by

    Vala Vraj M.
    This document discusses two main types of elevators - traction elevators and hydraulic elevators. Traction elevators use a system of ropes and counterweights to balance the cabin weight for efficient lifting. Hydraulic elevators use pressurized fluid in a cylinder to lift the cabin directly. Both have advantages like smooth operation but hydraulic elevators have disadvantages of higher costs and limited lifting capacity compared to traction elevators.

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    Elevator…..

    • Presented by…..
    1. Bidrohi Bhattacharya
    2. Samit Kumar Bhoumik
    3. Sankha Majumdar
    Types of Elevators
    • Traction Elevator
    • Hydraulic Elevator
    Traction Elevators

    • The Cabin is fastened by a rope system


    driven by the traction machine. The Cabin
    is balanced by the counterweight.
    • As the Cabin goes up the counter weight
    goes down and vice versa.
    • The counter weight is much heavier than
    empty cabin.
    Traction Elevator…..

    • The purpose of the counter weight system


    is to keep the total system energy constant.
    • The SHEAVE over which the rope moves is
    driven by the Geared or Gearless Motor.
    • The Motor has to overcome only the
    frictional force as the most of the weight is
    balanced by the counter weight.
    Traction Elevator…..

    • The cabin and the counter weight are


    supported against horizontal forward or
    backward movement by a pair of rails on
    both sides.
    • The balancing makes the lift so energy
    efficient that it may even be drive by
    battery supply.
    Types of Traction Elevators
    ( Depending upon position of Machine Room)

    1. Machine Room Elevator i.e. has an


    external room to accommodate the
    traction machine ( normally above the lift
    shaft).
    2. Machine Room Less Elevator i.e. no
    external room is needed. In General
    Permanent Magnet Machine is used here.
    Home Elevator…….

    • It may be a traction elevator or hydraulic


    elevator but operates on single phase
    supply.
    • It is capable of operating in small rise and
    for small capacity.
    Hydraulic Elevator

    • Here the cabin is connected to a hydraulic


    ram which moves the cabin.
    • The hydraulic ram consists of a fluid driven
    piston mounted inside a cylinder.
    • The cylinder is powered by the fluid
    controlled by a pump, valve.
    • The fluid is a typical one called the Hydraulic
    Elevator fluid.
    Hydraulic Elevator….

    • The fluid from the tank is pumped by the pump


    mechanism and the valve opens. So the
    pressurized fluid thrusts the cylinder up. At the
    destination the valve closes, keeps the pressure
    and the cabin stops.
    • During descending of cabin the valve opens and
    the fluid comes back to the tank. So no pumping
    action is needed as the cabin descends.
    Hydraulic Elevator…..

    • The valve is controlled by the solenoid


    switch.
    • The controller controls the solenoid
    switches.
    • The system as it appears is incredibly
    simple but do have some draw backs.
    Advantages & Disadvantages
    Advantages: Disadvantages:
    • Low initial cost • High running cost
    • Space and pressure • Rise cannot be beyond
    efficient 25 meters.
    • Smooth operation. • High speed version is
    not possible.
    • Leakage and heat
    • Fluid is compressible. production makes it
    tougher to maintain.

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