Climate Change: Allig, Raisa Binalay, Raizel Magno, Aileen Piocos, Alexis

CLIMATE
CHANGE
ALLIG, RAISA
BINALAY, RAIZEL
MAGNO, AILEEN
PIOCOS, ALEXIS
What is climate change?
• The term climate refers to the general weather
conditions of a place over many years. Climate
change is a significant variation of average
weather conditions—say, conditions becoming
warmer, wetter, or drier—over several decades
or more. It’s that longer-term trend that
differentiates climate change from natural
weather variability.
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What causes climate change?
• When energy from the sun is reflected off the earth
and back into space or when the earth’s atmosphere
releases energy, the planet cools. When the earth
absorbs the sun’s energy, or when atmospheric gases
prevent heat released by the earth from radiating into
space (the greenhouse effect), the planet warms. A
variety of factors, both natural and human, can
influence the earth’s climate system.
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Causes and Consequences of Climate Change
 The main cause of climate • Global warming is caused by the
greenhouse effect, a natural
change is global warming, process by which the atmosphere
which has many negative retains some of the Sun’s heat,
consequences on physical, allowing the Earth to maintain
biological and human systems, the necessary conditions to host
life. Without the greenhouse
as well as other effects. effect, the average temperature
of the planet would be -180C, as
according to NASA.

Natural causes of climate change
• According to NASA,
“These natural causes are
still in play today, but their Volcanic
influence is too small or they eruption
occur too slowly to explain
the rapid warming seen in
recent decades.”
Solar Ocean
Variation currents

Anthropogenic causes of climate change
• Humans
more specifically, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions we generate are
the leading cause of the earth’s rapidly changing climate. Greenhouse
gases play an important role in keeping the planet warm enough to
inhabit. But the amount of these gases in our atmosphere has
skyrocketed in recent decades.

The effects of global climate change
As climate change transforms global ecosystems, it affects everything from the places we
live to the water we drink to the air we breathe.
Examples:
a. Extreme weather
Higher temperatures worsen and increase the frequency of many types of disasters, including
storms, floods, heat waves, and droughts. These events can have devastating and costly
consequences, jeopardizing access to clean drinking water, fueling out-of-control wildfires,
damaging property, creating hazardous-material spills, polluting the air, and leading to loss of life.
b. Dirty air
When the earth’s temperatures rise, not only does our air gets dirtier—with smog and soot levels
going up—but there are also more allergenic air pollutants such as circulating mold

c. Health risks
According to the World Health Organization, “climate change is expected to cause
approximately 250,000 additional deaths per year” between 2030 and 2050. As global
temperatures rise, so do the number of fatalities and illnesses from heat stress,
heatstroke, and cardiovascular and kidney disease. Extreme weather events, such as
severe storms and flooding, can lead to injury, drinking water contamination, and storm
damage that may compromise basic infrastructure or lead to community displacement.
d. Rising seas
Warmer, more acidic oceans-This acidification poses a serious threat to underwater life,
particularly creatures with calcified shells or skeletons like oysters, clams, and coral. It can
have a devastating impact on shellfisheries, as well as the fish, birds, and mammals that
depend on shellfish for sustenance. Rising ocean temperatures are also altering the range
and population of underwater species and contributing to coral bleaching events capable
of killing entire reefs—ecosystems that support more than 25 percent of all marine life.

e. Imperiled ecosystems
Climate change is increasing pressure on wildlife to adapt to changing
habitats and fast. Many species are seeking out cooler climates and
higher altitudes, altering seasonal behaviors, and adjusting traditional
migration patterns. These shifts can fundamentally transform entire
ecosystems and the intricate webs of life that depend on them.

CAUSES BEHIND GLOBAL WARMING
Increase in Green House Gases . Deforestation
 Carbon dioxide: caused by the burning mainly • Forests are natural carbon sinks, absorbing
of fossil fuels in electricity generation, CO2 through photosynthesis and returning
oxygen to the atmosphere.
transport, heating, industry and construction.
 Methane: from livestock, rice farming and
waste tips.
 Nitrogen oxide: caused by excess use of
fertilizers and industrial activity.
 HCFCs: gas of anthropogenic origin (result of
human activities) replacing CFCs. Harmless to
the ozone layer, but increases the greenhouse
effect.

Destruction of Marine Ecosystem Population Increase
• The oceans are also carbon sinks, absorbing  An increasingly numerous population needs
up to 50 % of CO2 The problem is that, when more and more resources, which speeds up
they reach their limit, the ocean acidifies and
causes death and disease among marine the increase in greenhouse gas emissions
flora and fauna. from all production processes.
 Climate change also increases the appearance
of more violent weather phenomena,
drought, fires, the death of animal and plant
species, flooding from rivers and lakes, the
creation of climate refugees and destruction
of the food chain and economic resources,
especially in developing countries.
The problem is that daily human activities maximize the greenhouse effect, causing the planet’s
temperature to increase even more

HOW CAN WE AVOID CLIMATE CHANGE?
 First, it is important to be clear that climate change cannot be avoided.
We can mitigate its effects and adapt to its consequences, i.e. we can
fight it through the application of small and large scale measures that
help to slow down climate change. These actions are known as climate
change mitigation and adaptation measures.
 We can mitigate global climate change and help stem its detrimental
impacts, but doing so will require tackling its root cause: pollution from
burning fossil fuels.

Contribution of electricity to Climate Change
• Producing and using electricity more efficiently reduces both the
amount of fuel needed to generate electricity and the amount of
greenhouse gases and other air pollution emitted as a result.
• Battery electric vehicles are powered by electricity stored in a battery

pack. Using electric cars to change the way we use energy to avoid the
worst impacts of climate change. Air pollutants from gasoline- and
diesel-powered vehicles is the number one cause of air pollution which
may lead to climate change. Running electric cars on the grid has lower
greenhouse gas emissions than gasoline-powered cars.

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CLIMATE

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Increase in Green House Gases . Deforestation

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• Battery electric vehicles are powered by electricity stored in a battery

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