PETE 661

Drilling Engineering

Lesson 24
Circulation Kill Techniques

ATM
 NOTE
 No more Homework!
 The Solution to HW #12 is on the Web
 Our FINAL EXAM will be on Friday,
May 2, 12:30 p.m. – 2:30 p.m. Rm.
208
 Equations will be provided, as usual
 You may bring one 8 ½ * 11 Eq. Sheet

ATM 2
 Circulation Kill Techniques

 Shut-In Pressures

 Weighting Up the Mud

 Driller’s Method

 Wait & Weight Method

 Concurrent Method

ATM 3
 Shut-In Pressures
 Once a kick is detected, and proper
shut-in procedures are followed, the
influx will continue…
 until the fluids in the wellbore are
compressed sufficiently to where the
Shut-in Surface Pressure + the HSP =
Formation pressure (annulus or DP?)

 No more influx

ATM 4
 Shut-In Pressures

 Once the influx is stopped:

1 The kick fluids must be removed from
the wellbore, and

2 The low density drilling fluid that was in

the hole when the kick occurred must
be replaced with KWM

ATM 5
 U-Tube concept

The Stabilized BHP

= SIDPP + HSPmud_dp
= SICP
+ HSPmud_ann
+ HSPkick

= Formation Press.

KICK

ATM 6
 Back Pressure Valve in the Drillstring

How do you
measure the
SIDPP?

Flapper
ATM 7
 Measurement of SIDPP and SICP with
Back Pressure Valve

SIDPP

ATM 8
 Weighting Up the Mud
 Example 5.6
 OWM = 13.2 ppg
 MD = 10,350’
 TVD = 10,075’
 SIDPP = 400 psig
 Estimate the mud weight required to
kill the well
ATM 9
 Example 5.6
 KWM = OWM + SIDPP/(0.052 * TVD)

 KWM = 13.2 + 400/(0.052 * 10,075)

 KWM = 13.2 + 0.76 = 13.96 ~ 14.0 ppg

 This would be considered a

“0.8” ppg kick (kick intensity)

ATM 10
 Example 5.7


2
Ca  DH  DP
4
2
 12
231 * 42
ATM 11
 Example 5.7

ATM 12
 Example 5.7

(3.35 lb/gal)

SIDPP  SICP SIDPP  SICP

gk   gOWM k   OLD
hk 0.052 hk

ATM 13
 Example 5.10

SIDPP  0.052 OWM Depth

kwm 
0.052 Depth

V  42  B   Mud 
mB  (ok)
B  KWM
ATM 14
 Example 5.10

ATM 15
 Kill Procedures

ATM 16
 KRCP - Kill Rate Circ. Press.
- usually fairly low...
 Lower annulus friction pressure
 Less pressure fluctuation in response to
a change in choke setting
 Reduced risk of pump breakdown or
other mechanical problems
 Circulating with larger underbalance
pressures for the pump liner rating

ATM 17
 KRCP - SPP - KRP
 Reduced instantaneous gas rates
through the choke manifold and mud-
gas separator
 Minimum cuttings throughput at the
choke
 Keeping within the capabilities of the
mud-mixing system
 Normally 1/3 to 1/2 of normal drilling
circulation rate
ATM 18
 KRP taken:
 Every tour by each driller
 When the pumps are repaired or liners
changed
 If mud properties are changed
 Every 500 feet of hole drilled
 When the BHA changed
 When bit nozzles are changed

ATM 19
 Well Data

ATM 20
 Well Data

ATM 21
 Well Data

ATM 22
 CDPP (drilling) KRCP (well control)

Drillstring

Annulus

ATM 23
 ICP = KRCP + SIDPP

ATM 24
 Driller’ Method

ATM 25
 Example 5.12

ATM 26
 Example 5.12

( 42*4.2*8.34 = 1,470 )
ATM 27
 Example 5.12

ATM 28
 Circulating Drillpipe Pressure

Driller’s
Method

ATM 29
 Circulating Drillpipe Pressure

Driller’s
Method

ATM 30
ATM 31
 Circulating Casing Pressure

(MAASP)
Maximum Allowable
Annulus Surface
Pressure

ATM 32
 Circulating Casing Pressure

ATM 33
 Circulating Pressure at Casing Seat

ATM 34
 Circulating Pressure at Casing Seat

ATM 35
 • Kick / Mud Mixing
• Kick Migration
• Velocity Profile

ATM 36
 Pit gain while circulating out kick

How might this

differ for the
Wait and Weight
method?

ATM 37
 Effect of pit gain on
casing pressure

ATM 38
 Effect of kick intensity on
surface casing pressure
(25 bbl gain)

ATM 39
 Effect of hole size on
surface casing
pressure (bbl gain)

ATM 40
 Effect of kick fluids on
surface casing pressure
(25 bbl gain)

ATM 41
ATM
W&W 42
 a
FCP = KRP *(KWM/OWM)
a = 0.75 for turbulent flow in pipe
a = 1.0 through bit

a
 KILL 
FCP  ICP  
 OLD 

ATM 43
 Bit Pressure
Drop Increase
Annular Friction

a = 1.00
a = 0.75

ATM 44
 Circulation Kill Techniques

 Driller’s Method

 Wait & Weight Method

 Concurrent Method

 Annulus Pressure Profiles

 Kicks in Oil-Based Mud

ATM 45
 Example 5.13

(Final Circulating Pressure)

Make up Table of DPP vs. Strokes

ATM 46
 Example 5.13
Procedure SICP

ATM 47
 Example 5.13
1,230

1,013

ATM 48
 Example 5.13
W&W

ATM 49
ATM 50
 Safety factor added to KWM

(Balanced FCP = 1,013 psig)

ATM 51
 Safety factor added to KWM

ATM 52
 Example 5.14

ATM 53
 Example 5.14

SIDPP = 1,300 psi 54

ATM
 Example 5.14
SIDPP = 1,300 psi
KRP = 1,100 psi

ATM 55
 Example 5.14 SIDPP = 1,300 psi
KRP = 1,100 psi
ICP = 2,400 psi

SIDPP = 1,300 psi

KRP = 1,100 psi

ATM 56
 Directional Well

ATM 57
 Concurrent Method

ATM 58
ATM 59
ATM 60
ATM 61
 Kicks in Oil-Based Mud
 Solubility of gas in oil:
 reduces surface pit gain measurements
 reduces surface measurements of flow
rate increase
 reduces SICP
 stays in solution until pressure is reduced
to bubble point

as compared to water based mud systems

ATM 62
 Free gas present at the
start of circulation

Note effect of gas expansion

ATM 63
 All gas in solution
initially (in the Oil
Base Mud)

No gas expansion - initially

ATM 64
 All gas stays in solution
throughout circulation So, no gas
expansion
(in the Oil Base Mud)

ATM 65
 Example 5.17

ATM 66
 Example 5.17

ATM 67
 Example 5.17

ATM 68
ATM 69
 Example 5.17

ATM 70
 Example 5.17

ATM 71