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    Lesson 3: Hardware & Software

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    The document discusses hardware components of a computer system. It defines hardware as the physical and tangible parts of a computer like keyboards, mice, screens, and the computer itself. It describes input devices like keyboards and mice that allow users to input data, and output devices like monitors and printers that allow users to receive data. It categorizes storage devices into magnetic, optical, and solid state types that allow permanent storage of data like on hard drives, CDs/DVDs, and USB sticks.

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    Lesson 3: Hardware & Software

    Uploaded by

    Rosen LP
    99 views42 pages
    The document discusses hardware components of a computer system. It defines hardware as the physical and tangible parts of a computer like keyboards, mice, screens, and the computer itself. It describes input devices like keyboards and mice that allow users to input data, and output devices like monitors and printers that allow users to receive data. It categorizes storage devices into magnetic, optical, and solid state types that allow permanent storage of data like on hard drives, CDs/DVDs, and USB sticks.

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    The document discusses hardware components of a computer system. It defines hardware as the physical and tangible parts of a computer like keyboards, mice, screens, and the computer itself. It describes input devices like keyboards and mice that allow users to input data, and output devices like monitors and printers that allow users to receive data. It categorizes storage devices into magnetic, optical, and solid state types that allow permanent storage of data like on hard drives, CDs/DVDs, and USB sticks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    99 views42 pages

    Lesson 3: Hardware & Software

    Uploaded by

    Rosen LP
    The document discusses hardware components of a computer system. It defines hardware as the physical and tangible parts of a computer like keyboards, mice, screens, and the computer itself. It describes input devices like keyboards and mice that allow users to input data, and output devices like monitors and printers that allow users to receive data. It categorizes storage devices into magnetic, optical, and solid state types that allow permanent storage of data like on hard drives, CDs/DVDs, and USB sticks.

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    LESSON 3

    Hardware & Software

    Hardware:
    Input Devices, Output Devices, Storage
    Devices and the System Unit
    Lesson Aims

    1 To understand the term Hardware

    2 To understand the terms Input, Output and Storage Device

    3 To be able to list examples of the above


    Hardware

    What is Hardware?

    Hardware is the physical parts of a computer system

    It consists of all the tangible parts and physical


    components in a computer system. The hardware includes,
    among other devices, the keyboard, the mouse, the
    screen, the printer and the computer or processing device
    itself.

    It consists of all the tangible parts and physical


    components in a computer system. The hardware includes,
    among other devices, the keyboard, the mouse, the
    screen, the printer and the computer or processing device
    itself.

    In other words, the parts of the computer you can touch


    Hardware

    What is an Input Device?

    An input device is a piece of hardware that allows the user to put data into a computer system
    MOUSE
    A computer mouse is a hand-held pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to a surface.
    KEYBOARD
    A keyboard is a device that convert letters, numbers, and other characters into machine readable form. The typical
    computer keyboard may look like a typewriter with some additional keys unique to computers such as alphanumeric
    keypad, numeric keypad, cursor keys and function keys.
    GRAPHICS TABLET
    A graphic tablet (also known as a digitizer, drawing tablet, drawing pad, digital drawing tablet, pen tablet, or digital art
    board) is a computer input device that enables a user to hand-draw images, animations and graphics, with a special pen-
    like stylus, similar to the way a person draws images with a pencil and paper.
    DIGITAL CAMERA

    A digital camera or digicam is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory.


    TRACKBALL
    a trackball is a pointing input device. It consists of a ball held by a socket containing sensors to detect a rotation of the
    ball about two axes. It is like an upside-down mouse with a ball that sticks out. The user rolls the ball with the thumb,
    fingers or the palm of the hand to move a cursor
    BARCODE READER
    A bar code reader (or bar code scanner) is an electronic device that can read and output printed barcodes to a
    computer.
    GAMEPAD
    A gamepad, joypad, or simply controller is a type of game controller held in two hands, where the fingers (especially
    thumbs) are used to provide input.
    JOYSTICK
    A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is
    controlling. A joystick, also known as the control column, is the principal control device in the cockpit of many civilian
    and military aircraft, either as a center stick or side-stick.
    MICROPHONE
    A microphone, colloquially nicknamed mic or mike (/maɪk/),[1] is a transducer that converts sound into an 
    electrical signal.
    SCANNER
    An image scanner—often abbreviated to just scanner, it is a device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting
     or an object and converts it to a digital image.
    WEBCAM
    A webcam is a video camera that feeds or streams its image in real time to or through a computer to a computer
    network.
    TOUCHPAD
    A touchpad or trackpad is a pointing device featuring a tactile sensor, a specialized surface that can translate the motion
    and position of a user's fingers to a relative position on the operating system that is made output to the screen.
    LIGHT PEN
    A light pen is a light-sensitive computer input device, basically a stylus, that is used to select text, draw pictures and
    interact with user interface elements on a computer screen or monitor.
    ELECTRONIC WHITEBOARD
    An electronic whiteboard is a hardware device that is similar to a whiteboard that is found in schools and businesses. It
    transmits any information written it to a computer or multiple computers. They also allow live interaction with digital
    objects on the screen.
    OPTICAL MARK RECOGNITION
    Optical mark recognition (also called optical mark reading and OMR) is the process of capturing human-marked data
    from document forms such as surveys and tests. They are used to read questionnaires, multiple choice examination
    paper in the form of lines or shaded areas.
    OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION
    OCR (optical character recognition) is the recognition of printed or written text characters by a computer. This involves
    photoscanning of the text character-by-character, analysis of the scanned-in image, and then translation of
    the character image into character codes, such as ASCII, commonly used in data processing.
    MAGNETIC INK CHARACTER READER
    Magnetic Ink Character Recognition is a character recognition system that uses special ink and characters. When a
    document that contains this inkneeds to be read, it passes through a machine, which magnetizes the ink and then
    translates the magnetic information into characters. MICR technology is used by banks.
    Hardware

    What is an Output Device?

    An output device is a piece of hardware that allows the user to receive data from a computer system

    The output devices are physical equipment that convert information processed by the computer into a form
    understandable by humans.
    MONITOR
    The term "monitor" is often used synonymously with "computer screen" or "display." The monitor displays the
    computer's user interface and open programs, allowing the user to interact with the computer, typically using the 
    keyboard and mouse.
    PRINTER

    a printer is a peripheral device which makes a persistent human-readable representation of graphics or text on paper.
    PLOTTER
    The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector graphics. In the past, plotters were used in applications such as
    computer-aided design, though they have generally been replaced with wide-format conventional printers.
    A plotter gives a hard copy of the output. It draws pictures on a paper using a pen.
    PROJECTOR
    A projector or image projector is an optical device that projects an image (or moving images) onto a surface,
    commonly a projection screen. Most projectors create an image by shining a light through a small transparent lens, but
    some newer types of projectors can project the image directly, by using lasers.
    COMPUTER OUTPUT MICROFILM

    Computerized system that converts online or stored data directly into microfilm, as images for archiving.
    SPEAKER
    They receive audio input from the computer's sound card and produce audio output in the form of sound waves.
    Most computer speakers are active speakers,meaning they have an internal amplifier which allows you to increase the
    volume, or amplitude, of the sound.
    HEADPHONE, HEADSET, EARPHONE
    Headphone is typically with a microphone attached, used especially in telephone and radio communication.

    A headset is a hardware device that connects to a telephone or computer that allow the user to talk and listen while
    keeping their hands free.

    Earphone is a device that converts electrical energy into sound waves and is worn over or inserted into the ear.
    BOTH INPUT – OUTPUT DEVICES

    HEADSET
    TOUCHSCREEN
    A touchscreen is an input and
    output device normally layered
    on the top of an electronic visual
    display of an information
    processing system. A user can
    give input or control the
    information processing system
    through simple or multi-touch
    gestures by touching the screen
    with a special stylus or one or
    more fingers.
    BOTH INPUT – OUTPUT DEVICES

    IMAGE
    SCANNER/SCANNER
    FACSIMILE (FAX)

    Fax (short for facsimile),
    sometimes called telecopying
    or telefax (the latter short for
    telefacsimile), is the telephonic
    transmission of scanned
    printed material (both text and
    images), normally to a
    telephone number connected
    to a printer or other output
    device.
    Hardware

    What is a Storage Device?

    Secondary storage devices are used to keep the temporarily stored information in the computer’s memory. These data
    stored in these devices can be retrieved anytime and even after switching the computer off and on again.

    This allows a user to install programs and save their files on a computer

    There are three categories of storage devices.


    SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES
    A secondary storage device refers to any non-volatile storage device that is internal or external to the computer. It can
    be any storage device beyond the primary storage that enables permanent data storage. A secondary storage device is
    also known as an auxiliary storage device or external storage.

    There are three categories of storage devices


    Magnetic Optical Solid State
    Works by magnetising and
    Works by altering parts of a disc that Uses flash memory and has no
    demagnetising the surface of a
    can or cannot reflect a laser beam. moving parts.
    spinning disk.

    Example: Hard Drive Example: CD/DVD/Blu-Ray Example: USB Stick/SD Card


    MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES

    HARD DISK DRIVE


    FLOPPY DISK/DISKETTE
    MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES

    FLOPPY DISK/DISKETTE
    CARTRIDGE/TAPE CASSETTE
    OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICES
    CD BLU-RAY DISC

    DVD
    CD-ROM DISC
    OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICES
    The Compact Disk-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) - is a pre-pressed optical compact disc that contains data. Computers
    can read CD – ROMs, but cannot write to CD-ROMs which are not writable or erasable.
     
    The Compact Disc – Recordable (CD – R) – is a digital optical disc storage format. It can be written once and can be read
    many times by computers.
     
    The Compact Disc – Rewritable (CD – RW) – is a digital optical disc storage format. It can be written, read many times,
    erased and written again.
     
    The Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) contains digitized and compressed video information as well as large volumes of digital
    data in both 8 and 12cm diameter disks. It also has its own Read-only (DVD), Recordable (DVD – R), and Rewritable
    (DVD – RW) versions. Some have double-sided capacity of up to 15.9 GB

    The following units are used to measure the data capacity of storage devices:
     
    a. Kilobyte – is equal to 1,024 bytes and is written as k or kb.
    b. Megabyte – is more or less 1,048,576 bytes and is written as M or MB.
    c. Gigabyte – is about 1 billion bytes and is written as G or GB.
    d. Terabyte – is about 1 trillion bytes and is written as T or TB.
    FLASH MEMORY DEVICES
    MEMORY CARD
    FLASH DRIVE

    MEMORY STICK
    SOLID STATE DRIVE
    The computer system unit is the enclosure for all the other main interior components of a
    THE SYSTEM UNIT computer. It is also called the computer case, computer chassis, or computer tower.
    THE SYSTEM UNIT

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