Physical Injuries in The Different Parts of The Body

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Chapter 11

Physical Injuries in the


Different Parts of the Body
Outline:
1) Head and neck injuries • Heart
• Scalp 3) Abdominal injuries
• Skull • Stomach
• Brain • Intestine
• Face • Liver
• Neck • Kidney
2) Chest injuries 4) Pelvic injuries
• Chest wall • Vagina
• Lungs
5) Extremities
1) Head and neck injuries
• Absence of external wound does Scalp:
not permit a conclusion that • A wound of the scalp although
there is no internal damage small and negligible is always
• Bleeding from the ear, nostrils, potentially serious:
and mouth may indicate internal • Prone to infections
fracture • Proximity to the skull and brain
• Unconsciousness • Difficult to determine the extent
of internal damage
1) Head and neck injuries
• Abrasion of the scalp is • Skull:
commonly unnoticed due to the • Fissure fracture – impact of a
protective covering of the hair blunt object resulting to cracks in
the skull
• Scalp wounds – there or there • Localized depressed fracture –
may not be involvement of the smashing of the round face of a
skull hammer
• Penetrating injuries – sharp
instruments injuring the skull
1) Head and neck injuries
• Hemorrhages may occur even in • Compression of the brain –
the absence of a fracture. It may symptoms of injury do not
occur without trauma. Blood appear immediately
vessels in the brain may be • Vomiting, headache, irregular
diseased and may rupture
breathing and paralysis
spontaneously.
• Brain:
• Loss of memory, epilepsy,
• Hemorrhage
paralysis or insanity
• Laceration through a fractured skull
• Compression which leads to
unconsciousness or paralysis
1) Head and neck injuries
• Face: • Neck:
Due to the proximity to the brain, Abrasions of the neck – fatal due
facial injuries are always a threat big blood vessels
to life • Manual strangulation
• Eye • Death by hanging
• Nose – usually fatal when infection • Suicidal cut-throat wounds
extends to the brain
• Ear
• Mouth
2) Chest injuries
• Vital organs – heart, lungs and • Heart and lungs:
principal blood vessels • Natural disease
• Direct violence • Sharp instrument – bullet or stab
wound
• Stab wounds due to its • Fractured ribs
accessibility • Compression – crushing or
• Bullet wounds grinding force
• Vehicular accidents
• Fracture of the ribs • Violent dynamite blast
• Affecting heart and lungs
3) Abdominal injuries
• Skin may remain unmarked • Intestine:
despite extensive internal • Septic contents may scatter
injuries – internal bleeding or resulting to infection
rupture of organs • Stomach:
• Most vulnerable internal organs • Stab wounds – fatal
• Several blood vessels changing • Infection or injury adjacent to the
liver
directions
• Tearing of the stomach is common
• Compression or blow when a person is run over by a
motor vehicle
3) Abdominal injuries
• Liver: • Kidney:
• Most vulnerable due to its size, • Traumatic injury usually from a
weight, location and friability blow at the lumbar region
• Victim usually dies of severe • Injured at the slightest violence
hemorrhage or shock • Run over by a vehicle
• Stab wounds and gunshot wounds • Fall
usually involve the liver • Victim usually dies of loss of
kidney function, severe
hemorrhage or shock
4) Pelvic injuries
• Fracture, especially of the pubis, 5) Extremities
is common in vehicular accidents
and crush injuries Injuries on upper or lower
extremities – direct violence,
• Difficulty or loss of locomotion crushing or some indirect force.
• Vagina: • Lacerated wounds – flesh or blood
• Laceration due to sexual act or vessels and nerves
faulty instrumentation to induce • Muscle swelling and pain
criminal abortion
• Fracture of bones
• Infection – severe, require amputation
- END -

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