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    Hydrostatic Forces On A Curved Surface

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    Kim Luigi Gonda
    Hydrostatic forces act perpendicular to submerged surfaces. The pressure and force at each point is calculated by integrating over the entire surface. For curved surfaces, the projected area in different directions is used to calculate horizontal and vertical forces. The line of action of the net force passes through the centroid of the displaced fluid volume. Examples show calculating the forces and line of action on a hemispherical surface submerged in water.

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    Hydrostatic Forces On A Curved Surface

    Uploaded by

    Kim Luigi Gonda
    539 views6 pages
    Hydrostatic forces act perpendicular to submerged surfaces. The pressure and force at each point is calculated by integrating over the entire surface. For curved surfaces, the projected area in different directions is used to calculate horizontal and vertical forces. The line of action of the net force passes through the centroid of the displaced fluid volume. Examples show calculating the forces and line of action on a hemispherical surface submerged in water.

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    hydrostatic forces on a curved surface

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    Hydrostatic forces act perpendicular to submerged surfaces. The pressure and force at each point is calculated by integrating over the entire surface. For curved surfaces, the projected area in different directions is used to calculate horizontal and vertical forces. The line of action of the net force passes through the centroid of the displaced fluid volume. Examples show calculating the forces and line of action on a hemispherical surface submerged in water.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    539 views6 pages

    Hydrostatic Forces On A Curved Surface

    Uploaded by

    Kim Luigi Gonda
    Hydrostatic forces act perpendicular to submerged surfaces. The pressure and force at each point is calculated by integrating over the entire surface. For curved surfaces, the projected area in different directions is used to calculate horizontal and vertical forces. The line of action of the net force passes through the centroid of the displaced fluid volume. Examples show calculating the forces and line of action on a hemispherical surface submerged in water.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Hydrostatic Forces on Curved, Submerged Surfaces

    x
    Pressure is always acting
    Pz perpendicular to the solid surface
    P since there is no shear motion in
     static condition.
    Px
      
    Z P=Pcos( ) i+Psin( )j
    Integrate over the entire surface
       
    dF=dFx i  dFz j  PdA
     
     (Pcos( ) i+Psin( )j)dA
      dA =dAcos()
    x dFx  PdA cos( )  PdAx
    dFz  PdA sin( )  PdAz
    dAz=dAsin()
    Projected Forces
    dFx  PdA cos( )  PdAx , dFZ  PdA sin( )  PdAZ
    Integrate over the entire surface:
    Fx   dFx   PdAx    ghdAx , Fz   dFz   PdAz    ghdAz
    x
    Fz   g  hdAz   g
    h where  is the fluid volume enclosed
    between the curved surface and the
    dAz free surface. The force is equal to the
    weight of the total colume of fluid
    Z
    Integrated over directly above the curved surface.
    all elements
    The line action passes through the
    center of gravity of the volume
    of liquid being displaced.
    Buoyancy

    Force acting down FD= gV1


    from

    Buoyancy = FU-FD
    =g(V2-V1)=gV
    V: volume occupied by the object

    Force acting up FU = gV2


    from
    Horizontal Forces
    x
    h Fx   dFx   PdAx    ghdAx

    Projected
    area Ax dAz Finding Fx is to determine the force acting
    on a plane submerged surface oriented
    Z perpendicular to the surface. Ax is the
    Integrated over projection of the curved surface on the yz
    all elements plane. Similar conclusion can be made to
    the force in the y direction Fy.

    dAx Fx   dFx   PdAx    ghdAx

    Equivalent system:
    A plane surface perpendicular
    to the free surface
    Examples
    Determine the magnitude of the resultant force acting on the hemispherical surface.

    x
    Fx   PdAx   g  ydAx   ghC Ax
    A x is the projection of the sphere along the x direction
    2m R=0.5 m
    and it has a shape of a circle A x = (0.5) 2  0.785( m 2 )
    Fx  (1000)(9.8)(2)(0.785)  15386( N )

    Fz   PdAz   g  zdAz   g   g (   )

     (1000)(9.8) 1 
    2 
    4  R 3  2564( N )
    3
    z
        
    F  Fx i  Fz k  15386i  2564k
    The line of action of the force
    equals minus must go through the center of the
    hemisphere, O (why?)
    Line of Action
    Horizontal direction: line of action goes through z’
    zC
    z’ Projection
    R 4
    in x-direction
    I xxˆ ˆ 4
    z '  zC   (2) 
    AzC  R 2 (2)
     2.03125( m)
    Vertical direction: the line of action is 3R/8 z
    away from the center of the hemisphere

    The resultant moment of both forces with respect to the


    center of the hemisphere should be zero:
    Fx(2.03125-2)-Fz(0.1875)
    =15386(0.03125)-2564(0.1875)=0

    location of the centroid for a hemisphere


    is 3R/8=0.1875(m) away from the equator plane

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