Central Nervous System Infections: Gonzalo B. Roman JR.,MD.,FPSP
Central Nervous System Infections: Gonzalo B. Roman JR.,MD.,FPSP
Central Nervous System Infections: Gonzalo B. Roman JR.,MD.,FPSP
Infections
Gonzalo B. Roman Jr.,MD.,FPSP
Routes of Infections
- enterovirus
- echovirus, coxsackievirus and
nonparalytic poliomyelitis are
responsible for up to 80% of these
cases.
- patients usually recover
- DRUG INDUCED ASEPTIC
MENINGITIS e.g. NSAIDS, Antibiotic
Acute Aseptic Meningitis -
Morphology
- No distinctive macroscopic
characteristic except for brain swelling.
- Microscopically – usually normal or
only mild to moderate infiltration of the
leptomeninges with lymphocytes.
Brain Abscess
Severe encephalitis.
Usually transmitted to man by a rabid
dog.
Exposure to bats, even without a bite,
has now been identified as a risk factor
Virus enters the CNS by ascent along
the peripheral nerves from the wound
site
Rabies
Nonspecific symptoms of malaise, headache
and fever, but the conjunction of these
symptoms with local paresthesias around the
wound is diagnostic.
In advanced cases, the patient exhibits
extraordinary CNS excitability
There is meningismus and as the disease
progresses, flaccid paralysis. Periods of
alternating mania and stupor progress to coma
and death from respiratory center failure.
Rabies
Brain -intense edema & vascular congestion.
Widespread neuronal degeneration and
inflammatory reaction most severe in the basal
ganglia, midbrain and floor of the fourth
ventricle, particularly in the medulla.
Negri bodies are intracytoplasmic, round to
oval, eosinophilic inclusions and can be found in
pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus and
Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.,
HIV
Aseptic meningitis
HIV Meningoencephalitis