ECV5601-UPM Powerpoint Template (Individual Assignment) Sem1 2015-2016

Student name / Mohammed Fuad
Student ID/ GS42110

Introduction to intersection
Intersections are locations where two or more roads meet, cross or converge and
traffic moving in different directions all comes together.
Intersections have been described as one of the most complex traffic

situations that motorists, pedestrians, cyclists and other road users encounter
daily!
Risk of intersection collisions
Around 50% of Around 30% of

urban crashes rural crashes
wikipedia
:Types of Collision at Intersections/ Nodes
Right Angle collision
Right-Turn collision
with Opposing Traffic
Rear-End collision
A traffic accident wherein a vehicle

crashes into the vehicle in front of it.
a rear-end collision is related to both
driving behaviors and performances of
the leading (struck) vehicle..
** (the UK called a shunt)
Common factors(causes)
1)Driver Inattention that contribute to rear-end collisions include by
Or Distraction
Driver 2)Tailgating
inattentiveness 3)panic stops
includes not Lack of safe
observing other following 4)Reduced Traction Due To Weather
traffic at an which includes
intersection while distances 5)poor road design
an attempt to
being distracted
forestall a red Poor visibility
by cellular in dense fog,
phones, car light by Poor road
radios etc speeding up smoke or mist surface
and bumping condition or
on another faulty
vehicle intersections /
traffic lights
and signals.)
Florida Department of Transportation(FDOT)
http://www.dot.state.fl.us
Road Engineering Treatment
1)Driver Inattention Or Distraction ICT Enforcements such as phone

detector system
2)Tailgating vehicles must be far enough behind the

vehicle it is following to be able to stop
safely, even in an emergency.
3)Panic stops Install Collision avoidance systems
4)Reduced Traction Due To Weather Road design(by not placing Traffic

signals or intersections directly after
horizontal or vertical curves) and
5)poor road design pavement skid resistance
:Types of Collision at Non-Intersections/Links
Side-swipe collision
Head-on collision
Run-off road collision
Run-off road collision is a type of

single-vehicle collision that occurs
when a vehicle leaves the roadway.
Causes of non-intersection accidents ( Run-off road collision )
22.8%
Fast driving
15.9% Performance Error

{ poor directional
control/mis-judging a curve }
Internal Distraction 13.4%
10.8% Non-performance Errors
Evasive Manoeuvres
7.3%
Or
Attempting To Avoid
Colliding With Another 4.7% External Distraction
Road User Or An Animal.
• September 2010-US Department of transportatio -NHTSA

CONCLUSIONS LITERATURE FACTORS
Among all the crashes that occurred on roadways with Lord et al., (2011), Liu & Speed limit
posted speed limits of Subramanian
 >60 mph,, 81% were ROR crashes
 <60mph,, 69% were ROR crashes
Among the crashes that occurred in Liu & Subramanian (2009) Weather conditions
 Bad weather conditions, 75.5% were ROR crashes.
 good weather conditions, 70% were ROR crashes.
0.1% of driver-related reasons for ROR crashes were Liu & Jianqiang (2011) Illegal maneuvers
attributed to illegal maneuvers.
12.6% of driver-related reasons for ROR crashes were Liu & Jianqiang (2011), Poor directional
attributed to poor directional control control
 85.4% of single-vehicle crashes in which drivers were Liu & Subramanian (2009) Inattentiveness
inattentive were ROR crashes,
 while only 57.1% of single-vehicle crashes that did not
involve driver inattention were ROR crashes.
ITS- Institute
Losing control
avoid pedestrian
avoid colliding with another road user
2009-US Department of transportatio -NHTSA
Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT)
Treatments
 Lane width. Keep vehicle in the travel lane

 Raised pavement markers.
 Provide skid-resistant pavement surfaces.(improving the skid
resistance of pavements, particularly on short radius curve)
 Rumble strips .
 Signage.
 improving vehicle stability; for example recent evidence suggests
that Electronic Stability Programs (ESP) are reducing single vehicle
crashes
 Clear zone to minimize crash consequences. Assist recovery of the lane
 Shoulder design.
 Roadside.
 Sideslope. Reduce severity of collision
 Install guiderails to limit roadway departures.
 Add reflectors to trees or poles{Add reflectors to trees or poles}.

ECV5601-UPM Powerpoint Template (Individual Assignment) Sem1 2015-2016

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ECV5601-UPM Powerpoint Template (Individual Assignment) Sem1 2015-2016

Uploaded by

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Student name / Mohammed Fuad

Student ID/ GS42110

Intersections have been described as one of the most complex traffic

Risk of intersection collisions

Around 50% of Around 30% of

Right Angle collision

A traffic accident wherein a vehicle

1)Driver Inattention Or Distraction ICT Enforcements such as phone

2)Tailgating vehicles must be far enough behind the

3)Panic stops Install Collision avoidance systems

4)Reduced Traction Due To Weather Road design(by not placing Traffic

Run-off road collision

Run-off road collision is a type of

15.9% Performance Error

10.8% Non-performance Errors

• September 2010-US Department of transportatio -NHTSA

 Lane width. Keep vehicle in the travel lane

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