Integrated Circuits-Basic Electronics (Presentation)
Integrated Circuits-Basic Electronics (Presentation)
Integrated Circuits-Basic Electronics (Presentation)
Integrated circuits
circuits
basic
basic electronics
electronics
Representators
Representators
Umer
UmerAbdullah
Abdullah
Shehar
Sheharbano
bano
Iqra
Iqratabassum
tabassum
1. Introduction
2. Advantages of ICs
3. Drawbacks
4. Classification of IC by structure
5. Classification of IC by function
6. Linear Integrated circuit
7. Digital integrated circuit
8. Scale of Integration
INTRODUCTION
• 1948(small size)
from 1958. This was the
first integrated circuit,
and was made from
germanium.
• 1960(integrated circuits)
Integrated circuit
Discrete circuit:
Classifica
tion of
ICs
By By
structure function
Structural Classification:
Integrated
Circuits
Vacuum Evaporator:
Vaporized material is
Deposited on glass or
substrate in vacuum in
Set of masks
Cathode Sputtering:
Advantages Disadvantages
• Better • Large Size
insulation • High cost
btw comps • Incapability
• Greater of fabrication
Flexibility of active
Comps.
Hybrid ICs:
The circuit is fabricated by interconnected individual
chips. In this active comps are first formed in silicon
wafer which is further covered with insulating layer
These can be used in power audio amplifiers 5W-50W
This process is expensive for
mass production.
This IC are in encapsulated
Form.
Classification of ICs by Function:
This classification of ICs was based on their method
of construction. However, the integrated circuits can
also be classified according to their general function.
Applications
Operational Amplifiers
Linear Integrated Circuits
Power Amplifiers
Power Amplifier is used to increase the magnitude of
input power signal.
Linear Integrated Circuits
Voltage Comparator
A comparator is a device that compares the input voltage
signals to produce high output signal.
Digital Integrated Circuits
Digital Integrated
Circuits
Digital Integrated Circuits have
large number of circuits having
values of resistances, voltages and
currents. These circuits have
binary inputs so they are called
switching circuits.
Digital Integrated Circuits
Applications
Logic Gates
A logic gate is an electronic
device implements a logical
operation performed on binary
inputs and produces a single
binary input. There are mainly
8 Logic Gates.
Digital Integrated Circuits
Counters
Counters are used in
electronics for counting
specific events happening
in a circuit. It stores the
number of times an event
occurred.
Digital Integrated Circuits
Microprocessor
Microprocessor is an electronic
Central Processing Unit used by a
computer. It is single Integrated
chip containing millions of
electronic components and circuits
including resistors, transistors and
diodes.
Scales of Integration