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    Drug Delivery System

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    Amit Prasad
    This document provides an overview of drug delivery systems, including conventional and novel approaches. It defines drug delivery as administering pharmaceutical compounds to achieve therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. Conventional systems absorb drugs through cell membranes, while novel systems transport drugs specifically to target sites. The document discusses formulations for various conventional routes (oral, intravenous, etc.) and novel carrier technologies like liposomes, nanoparticles, and polymers. It also addresses active vs. passive targeting strategies and the importance of controlled, sustained, and modulated release for optimizing therapeutic effects.

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    Drug Delivery System

    Uploaded by

    Amit Prasad
    169 views14 pages
    This document provides an overview of drug delivery systems, including conventional and novel approaches. It defines drug delivery as administering pharmaceutical compounds to achieve therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. Conventional systems absorb drugs through cell membranes, while novel systems transport drugs specifically to target sites. The document discusses formulations for various conventional routes (oral, intravenous, etc.) and novel carrier technologies like liposomes, nanoparticles, and polymers. It also addresses active vs. passive targeting strategies and the importance of controlled, sustained, and modulated release for optimizing therapeutic effects.

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    This document provides an overview of drug delivery systems, including conventional and novel approaches. It defines drug delivery as administering pharmaceutical compounds to achieve therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. Conventional systems absorb drugs through cell membranes, while novel systems transport drugs specifically to target sites. The document discusses formulations for various conventional routes (oral, intravenous, etc.) and novel carrier technologies like liposomes, nanoparticles, and polymers. It also addresses active vs. passive targeting strategies and the importance of controlled, sustained, and modulated release for optimizing therapeutic effects.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    169 views14 pages

    Drug Delivery System

    Uploaded by

    Amit Prasad
    This document provides an overview of drug delivery systems, including conventional and novel approaches. It defines drug delivery as administering pharmaceutical compounds to achieve therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. Conventional systems absorb drugs through cell membranes, while novel systems transport drugs specifically to target sites. The document discusses formulations for various conventional routes (oral, intravenous, etc.) and novel carrier technologies like liposomes, nanoparticles, and polymers. It also addresses active vs. passive targeting strategies and the importance of controlled, sustained, and modulated release for optimizing therapeutic effects.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Drug

    Delivery
    system

    By

    BHASKAR GHOSH
    ROLL -0012CEM16 NO-00031
    Dept of chemistry and chemical technology
    Vidyasagar university
    E-mail: [email protected]
    INTRODUCTION

    Definition:
    Drug delivery is the method of administering pharmaceutical compound to
    achieve a therapeutic effect in humans or animals. The appropriate
    administration of drugs through various routes in the body improve health and
    hygiene with minimum side effect, is known as targeted drug delivery or smart
    drug delivery.
    Most common method of drug delivery includes the oral (through the mouth),
    topical (through the skin), trans-mucosal (nasal, buccal, sublingual, ocular,
    rectal), parental (injection into systemic circulation) and inhalation routes.

    The drug delivery systems can further be divided into two mains types:

    Drug Delivery

    Conventional Drug Delivery system Novel Drug delivery system


    Conventional Drug Delivery Systems
    Conventional drug delivery systems is the Classical method for the delivery of drug into the body.
    It this delivery systems the absorption of the drugs occurs through cell membrane or biological
    membrane in systematic circulation of the boy. The Examples of this system includes:

     Oral delivery
     Buccal/Sublingual Delivery
     Rectal Delivery
     Intravenous Delivery
     Intramuscular Delivery
     Subcutaneous Injection

    Some advantages and disadvantages of various conventional drug delivery methods


    Oral Delivery
    It includes tablets, capsules,syrup, etc. taken
    directly through mouth, and travel through GIT
    Advantages of oral delivery:
    • Convenience in administration
    • Accurate and measured dose
    • Higher compliance
    Disadvantages of oral delivery:
    • Unconscious patient can not take dose
    • Irregular absorption
    • First pass metabolism
    Buccal/Sublingual Delivery
    Here tablet and chewing gums are placed under tounge (sublingual) and between cheeks (buccal).
    Advantages:
    a. By-pass first pass metabolism
    b. Low enzymatic activity
    Disadvantages:
    c. Discomfort during dissolution
    d. Small doses.

    Intravenous Delivery
    Drug in liquid form is administered directly into blood by injecting in vein with the help of sterile injector.
    Advantages:
    e. Drug 100% Bioavailable
    f. Rapid aresponse
    Disadvantaes:
    g. Possible toxicity due to incorrect dosing. b.sterility c.Trained personnel Required.
    Mechanism of various conventional drug delivery system from administration to excretion

    Oral Gastrointestinal
    Administration Tract

    Excretion
    Intravenous
    Injection Circulatory
    System
    Intramuscular
    Injection

    Subcutaneous Metabolic
    Tissue
    Injection Sites
    Various problems associated with conventional drug delivery systems
    • This delivery systems is less stable, and less specific,carry less drugs, but give more side effects.
    • It is very difficult to deliver the protein bound drugs to the targeted site in this delivery system.
    • Drug release rate is not controlled in this process, that is why it’s therapeutic index is very high at first but
    suddenly the rate fall down, consequently some drug is wasted in this process.

    An Ideal Drug Delivery System Should Be:


    Non-Toxic
    Bio-Compatible
    Bio -degradable
    Physiochemically Stable
    NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
    These are the approaches, formulations and technologies, and the systems that are used
    for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the specific target of the body, where
    the drug is needed, and to achieve the desirable response .
    Various Delivery Modes of Novel Drug Delivery Systems
    These delivery systems delivered the drug generally in three modes:

    Targeted release Sustained release Modulated release


    Sustained Release Delivery Mode further delivered the drug in two ways:
    a) Controlled Drug Release.
    b) Extended Drug Release. Conventional Release
    Toxicity
    Controlled released
    Therapeutic window
    Cp
    No therapeutic Effect
    time
    Cp- Conc of Drug in Plasma (mg/mL)
    plot of conc. of drug in plasma vs time in various release mode
    Strategies Of Drug Targeting

    ACTIVE TARGETING PASSIVE TARGETING

    VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF DRUG TARGETING


    1) Target: A tissue or cell, which need treatment.
    2) Drug Carrier: Carriers are vectors specifically for the purpose of holding a drug inside them. This
    is possible by means of encapsulation.
    3) Drug Delivery Vehicles: These transport the drug either within or in the vicinity of target site. It
    should be easily recognized by the target cells and the drug-ligand complex hence formed should be
    stable. These need to be non toxic and biodegradable as well.
    LIST OF DRUG CARRIERS IN NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
    a)Liposomes b)Nanoparticles c)Natural Polymer d) Hydrogels
    e)Microsphere f)Micelles etc.
    Synthesis of Various Drug Carriers

    Synthesis of pamam Dendrimers Synthesis of chitosan from chitin by deacetylation

    https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2210/58/ https://www.platergroup.co.uk/blog/?p=467
    Drug delivery Mechanism through liposomes
    Structures of Some Synthetic and Natural Polymer, used in drug
    delivery
    CONCLUSION
    It can be concluded that both polymeric materials and nanoparticles offer
    exciting opportunities for the development of new an improved drug delivery
    systems.
    The future investigation, like those in the past, will be highly challenging will
    involve the interdisciplinary collaboration of scientist with backgrounds in
    polymer chemistry, colloid science, medicine, molecular biology, and analytical
    chemistry among others.
    THANKS FOR
    YOUR TIME

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