How To Write A Research Proposal

How to write a
Research Proposal
How to write
a Research
Proposal
Research Proposal
That is true.
Changes are
inevitable. But a
Why all this fuss little thought now
about a detailed will save you a lot
proposal for my study of grief later on!
before I even begin?.
Things are going to
change once I get
into the study!
Steps in Developing Research
Proposal
1. Title page & table of contents
2. Introduction
3. Statement of the problem
4. Scope of the study
5. Objectives of the study
6. Hypothesis or research questions
7. Literature Review
8. Procedure of the study
9. Limitation and delimitation of the study
10.Bibliography
Agenda of Presentation
Introduction
Introduction
1.
1.Problems
Problemsto
to be
be investigated
investigated
2.
2.Scope
Scopeof
ofthe
the Study
Study
3.
3.Objectives
Objectivesof
of the
thestudy
study
4.
4.Research
ResearchQuestions
Questionsor
orHypothesis
Hypothesis
5.
5.Definitions
Definitions
What is a Proposal?
• A plan of action
• A prerequisite for Research investigation

What is a Proposal?
It communicates
researcher’s intentions,
makes clear the purpose
of intended study, its
justification & provides a
step by step plan for
conducting the study.
What is a Proposal?
• A written Plan of a Study

---The Research Proposal identifies problems,
states questions or hypotheses, identifies
variables and define terms.
---The subjects to be included in the sample,
the instrument to be used, the research
design chosen, the procedures to be followed,
how the data will be analyzed----all are
spelled out in some detail.
Introduction of the Research Proposal
Introduction should provide the

background of the research study.
• Introduction may include a few
subsections.
• Introduction should be clear.
Introduction of the Research Proposal
• Research proposal should include four

basic components in its introduction.
(A) Meaningful presentation of the study.
(B) Background of the study.
(C) Statement of the main issue of the
study.
(D) Importance of the study.
Purpose of the Study
• The purpose states succinctly/briefly

what the researcher proposes to
investigate.
• The purpose should be a concise
statement, providing a framework to
which details are added later.
Justification for the Study
Key questions to ask yourself at This point:
Have I identified the specific research problem I
wish to investigate?
Have I indicated what I intend to do about this
problem?
Have I put forth an argument as to why this
problem is worthy of investigation?
Have I made my assumption explicit?
Problem to be Investigated
Problem to be Investigated
Statement of Significance Research Definition of

The problem Of the study questions Terms
or Hypothesis
Statement of the
Problem
• “A problem might be defined as the issue that
exists in the literature, theory, or practice that
leads to a need for the study” (Creswell, 1994,
p. 50).
• Effective problem statements answer the
question “Why does this research need to be
conducted.”
Statement of the Problem
• Normally a research statement should

satisfy the following criteria:
(i) state the key variables included in the
study,
(ii) state relationship between variables,
(iii) state population to which results would
be applicable,
(iv) avoid redundant words, and
(v) use only acceptable scientific terms.
Scope of the Study
Significance of the study contains three

paragraphs based on three questions:
• Why the study is important?
• How the study is important?
• For whom the study is important?

Objectives of the Study
• Objectives should be clearly stated and
specific in nature.
• Each sub objective should delineate only one
issue.
• Action oriented words such as, “to determine”,
“to find out”, “to ascertain” in formulating sub
objectives, which should be numerically stated.
• Objectives should be attainable, measurable,
achievable and testable.
Research Questions or
Hypotheses
• Questions are relevant to normative or
census type of research.
• Questions are most often used in qualitative

inquiry.
• Hypotheses are relevant to theoretical

research and are typically used in quantitative
inquiry.
Definitions
• All key terms should be defined.

• In a hypothesis testing study, these are
primarily the terms that describe the
variables of the study.
• The researcher’s task is to make his/her
definitions as clear as possible.
References
• How To Design And Evaluate Research IN

Education,2006,The McGraw Hill
Companies. New York.
• Research Methodology, Sage publications
• Educational Research, Allama Iqbal open
University
• WWW.des.emory.ed/.mpf/proposal.html
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How to write a

• A prerequisite for Research investigation

• A written Plan of a Study

Introduction should provide the

• Research proposal should include four

• The purpose states succinctly/briefly

Statement of Significance Research Definition of

• Normally a research statement should

Significance of the study contains three

• Why the study is important?

• How the study is important?

• For whom the study is important?

• Questions are most often used in qualitative

• Hypotheses are relevant to theoretical

• All key terms should be defined.

• How To Design And Evaluate Research IN

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