Ministry of Mushrooms, Inc

About us:

Ministry of Mushrooms, Inc. is a start-up provider of gourmet mushrooms

in the Philippines. Our mushroom farm is continuously being developed in
Lipa City, Batangas. Its close proximity to the nation’s capital, Metro
Manila, gives us an advantage to provide our key local market with the
freshest quality mushrooms. Over the years Ministry of Mushroom, Inc.
aims to not only provide a variety of fresh mushrooms and mushroom
products to the global market, but also to be a proactive company in
restoration of our planet through mycological applications and solutions.

Mission statement:

Ministry of Mushrooms, Inc. dedicates all its research, development,

products and services to the promotion of innovative mycological
applications and solutions while continuing to be profitable through the
cultivation of high quality mushrooms.
Management:
Ministry of Mushrooms, Inc. is lead by a dynamic team of young
entrepreneurs, Marco Lobregat, Jose Javier Ortoll and Victor
Manuel Sala, all passionate about mushrooms and mycological
solutions. Whether developing products of the highest quality or
building client relations and customer satisfaction, Marco, Jose
Javier and Victor will help hone each other’s skills to be a fully
optimized team. Jose Javier Ortoll and Victor Manuel Sala bring
together their knowledge of mushroom cultivation and
engineering to develop the green, efficient and sustainable
mushroom farm. Marco brings his market knowledge and
expertise in project management and international sales to ensure
that the daily operations drive the company to continuous growth
and success.
MEDICINAL MUSHROOM
CULTIVATION
Introduction to Agaricus
brasilenis/Agaricus blazei and
Ganoderma lucidum
Mycotopia: an environment wherein
ecological equilibrium is enhanced
through the judicious use of fungi for
the betterment of all life forms.
Fungi: Ally of
people and the
planet
While Mushroom consumption has long
been known to improve health and
well-being, growing mushrooms may
be the best thing we can do to save
the environment

We can capitalize on the mycelium’s

(mushroom) digestive power to:

• decompose toxic waste and

pollutants
• control insect population
• enhance the health of our forests
• Increase the effectiveness of our
agricultural lands
Medicinal
Mushrooms
Each mushroom has a unique
molecular architecture and chemistry.
Many are known to have medicinal
properties. For the last 30 years,
scientists have been studying
mushrooms for their effectiveness
against cancer and other diseases and
ailments.

Preliminary studies on mushrooms

have revealed novel anti-biotics, anti-
cancer, chemotherapeutic agents,
immunomodulators and many other
active ingredients that can be
extracted.
Targeted Therapeutic Effects and
Activity Against Specific Cancers
Therapeutic Effects Activity Against
Cancer

Ganoderma lucidum Antibacterial, Anti-Candida; Leukemia, Lung,Lymphoma,

Anti-inflammatory; Prostate, Sarcoma
(Reishi; Ling Chi) Antioxidant; Antitumor;
Antiviral; Blood Pressure
Moderator; Cardiovascular;
Cholesterol Reducer; Immune
Enhancer; Kidney Tonic; Liver
Tonic; Lungs/Respiratory;
Nerve Tonic; Stress Reducer

Agaricus brasilenis/ Antitumor; Antiviral; Blood Cervical/Uterine, Colorectal,

Pressure Moderator; Sarcoma
Agaricus blazei Cardiovascular; Cholesterol
(Himematsutake; Reducer; Immune Enhancer;
Almond Portobello/
Cogumelo de Deus)
Intro to Ganoderma
lucidum

Common Names: Reishi ( Japanese for

“divine” or “spiritual mushroom”) Ling Chi
( Chinese for “Tree of Life Mushroom”)

Renowned for its health stimulating

properties, this mushroom is depicted
more often in Chinese, Korean and
Japanese art more than any other . It is
associated with royalty, health and
recuperation, longevity, sexual
prowess, wisdom and happiness.
Description

Similar to a conk or kidney in

shape it has a woody texture and
its cap can grow from 5-20 cm in
diameter

It has a musty, mealy, fungal

fragrance
Natural Habitat

Ganoderma lucidum is an annual

mushroom that grows on a wide
variety of woods like oaks, elms,
beeches, palms and even plums.

It is normally found on stumps and

occasionally on soils arising from
buried roots.

The mushroom is widely distributed

throughout the world, especially in
sub-tropical regions and in temperate
climates.
Growing Methods
and Parameters
Ganoderma lucidum can be grown in a
wide variety of methods. In South East
Asia it is commonly found on diseased
palm oil trees. Infectecd dead logs can
be collected then placed in a shady
and naturally moist areas.

Rapid Cycle System for indoor

cultivation is often orchestrated by
creating substrates from sawdust,
woodchips, and molasses-enriched
water then inoculated and grown in
bags.
Growing Parameters
Spawn Run:
Incubation Temperature: 21-27ºC
Relative Humidity: 95-100%
Duration: 10-20 days
CO2: tolerated up to 50,000ppm or 5%
Fresh Air Exchanges: 0-1 per hour
Light Requirements: n/a

Primordia(“Antler”) Formation
Incubation Temperature: 18-24ºC
Relative Humidity: 95-100%
Duration: 14-28 days
CO2: 20,000-40,000 ppm
Fresh Air Exchanges: 0-1 per hour
Light Requirements: 4-8 hours at 200-500 lux

Primordia (“Young Conk”) Formation

Incubation Temperature: 21-27ºC
Relative Humidity: 95-100%
Duration: 14-28 Days
CO2: 5,000-2,000 ppm
Fresh Air Exchanges: as required for maintaining desired CO2
Light Requirements: 12 hours on/off at 500-1,000 lux

Fruitbody Development
Incubation Temperature: 21-27ºC
Relative Humidity: 90-95%
Duration: 60 days
CO2: less than 2,000 ppm
Fresh Air Exchanges: as required
Light Requirements: 12 hours on/off 750-1500 lux

Fruitbody Development:
Two crops in 90-120 days
Biological Efficiency:
Formula: 1lb of fresh mushrooms grown from 1lb of dry substrate is
100% biological efficiency (B. E.)

Considering the host substrate is moistened to approximately 75%

water content, 100% B.E. is also equivalent to growing 1lb of fresh
mushrooms from 4 pounds of moist substrate
Biological Efficiency
and Yield Potential
Average yields of 125-200 grams wet
mass (mushrooms) from 2,200-2,300
grams of wet mass (substrate) in 90
days via the Rapid Cycle System have
been reported. The biological
efficiency is therefore between 5-9 %.

A study on the cultivation of Reishi

mushrooms (Ganoderma lucidum) on
sawdust of different tree species was
published by The National Mushroom
Development and Extension Center of
Bangladesh late last year. It showed
the highest biological efficiency came
from mixed sawdust - 11% followed by
sawdust from Mangifera Indica
(Mango) – 10.25% .
Form Sold to
Market
Dried, whole mushrooms have been
used traditionally in Oriental medicine.
However many other forms are
marketed like pill, tea and tincture
forms.

Ginseng and Ling Chi are often

extracted and combined, in liquid
form.

Syrups and wine additives for flavor

and health benefits are also popular.
Nutritional Content
Calories /100g: 376
Protein g/100g: 15.05
Fat g/100g: 3.48
Polyunsaturated fat g/100g: 0.50
Total unsaturated fat g/100g: 1.20
Saturated fat: g/100g: 0.27
Carbohydrates: g/100g: 71.00
Complex Carbohydrates: g/100g:
69.30
Sugars g/100g: 1.70
Dietary Fiber g/100g: 66.80
Cholesterol mg/100g: 0
Vitamin A IU/100g: 0
Thiamine (B1) mg 100g: 0.06
Riboflavin (B2) mg/100g: 1.59
Niacin (B3) g/100g: 12.40
Pantothenic Acid (B5) mg/100g: 2.70
Vitamin C mg/100g: 0
Vitamin D IU/100g: 66
Calcium mg/100g: 37
Copper mg/100g: 1.30
Iron mg/100g: 13.0
Potassium mg/100g: 760
Selenium mg/100g: 0.014
Sodium mg/100g: 6
Medicinal Properties
Beta-glucans (polysaccharides) isolated from
this mushroom reportedly stimulate the
immune system

Studies have shown that the beta-glucans

stimulate the production of helper “T” cells
which attack infected cells of the body.

More than 100 distinctive polysaccharides and

119 triterpenoids have been extracted. Many
of which demonstrate immonomodulatory
properties.

Triterpenoids are steroid-like compounds that

inhibit cholesterol synthesis, allergic
responses and histamine levels.

Lanostanic triptenoids from Ganoderma

lucidum have been shown to be anti-
inflammatory in the treatment of arthritis

Consumption of Reishi helps respiration since

it enhances the oxygen absorbing capacity of
the alveoli, thereby enhancing stamina -
showing properties for fighting Chronic
Fatigue Syndome.

Shows low toxicity even in high dosages

Intro to Agaricus
brasilenis/ Agaricus
blazei
Common Names: Himematsutake, Brazilian blazei,
Cogumelo de Deus (Mushroom of God), ABM, Royal
Sun Agaricus, Almond Portobello.

This mushroom was first discovered as a novel

species by an American mycologist in Florida
then rediscovered by associates of Japanese
coffee growers, which was well known upon
the locals.

Japanese mycologists pioneered the

cultivation of this species from specimens
collected in Brazil and are credited for
bringing this species to the forefront.

Since 1995 this mushroom has grown in

popularity and today it is the center of a $600
million (U.S.) industry.
Description

A classic Agaricus species, like

the White Button or Portobello,
but grander, its cap grows from
7-25 cm. broad. It imparts
strong scents of almonds,
especially during cooking.
Natural Habitat

First collected in northwest of Sao

Paolo City, Brazil, this mushroom is a
commonly found in fields and
mountainous areas.

They grow in soils that with plentiful

debris, in mixed woods, well-composed
soils, and along forest edges.

It prefers warmer temperatures and

light.
Growing Methods
and Parameters
Agricus brasilenis/ Agaricus blazei can
be grown similarly to white button
mushrooms but with more light and
warmth.

In Brazil, mound culture of this

mushroom has been practiced for the
last 20 years. This mushroom benefits
from soil microflora and warm
temperatures making it ideal for
outdoor cultivation.

Mounds of leached cow manure or

other supportive compost can be
inoculated then planted with cover
crops to promote growth. Good
companions are kale, zucchini, squash,
potatoes, melons and other leafy
vegetables.
Growing
Parameters
Spawn Run:
Incubation Temperature: 21-27ºC
Relative Humidity: 90-100%
Duration: 28-40 days on compost; 60-90 days on sawdust
CO2: less than 5,000ppm
Fresh Air Exchanges: 1 per hour
Light Requirements: n/a

Primordia Formation (after applying in 1.5 – 2 in.

casing)
Incubation Temperature: 21-24ºC
Relative Humidity: 80-90%
Duration: 18-24 days
CO2: 400-800 ppm
Fresh Air Exchanges: 5-7per hour
Light Requirements: minimal, 100-200 foot-candles

Fruitbody Development
Incubation Temperature: 24-27ºC
Relative Humidity: 75-85%
Duration: 4-8 days
CO2: less than 2,000 ppm
Fresh Air Exchanges: 5-7per hour
Light Requirements: minimal, 100-200 foot-candles

Fruitbody Development:
Two crops in 90-120 days
Biological Efficiency
and Yield Potential
Current biological efficiencies are
estimated at 50-75% on supplemented
sawdust. 1 lb (.5kg) of mushrooms can
be harvested from 5 lbs (2.5kg) of
substrate.

For outdoor cultivation, biological

efficiencies may be less, but given the
expanse of compost beds that can be
laid out inexpensively in humid,
subtropical and tropical environments,
together with other companion crops,
outdoor cultivation can be
proportionately more profitable.
Form Sold to
Market

The Agaricus brasilenis/ Agaricus

blazei mushroom is sold in quantity
and in many different forms: fresh,
dried, powdered, extracts, capsules,
teas and tablets, just to name a few.
Nutritional Content
Calories /100g: 362
Protein g/100g: 35.19
Fat g/100g: 3.39
Polyunsaturated fat g/100g: 1.51
Total unsaturated fat g/100g: 1.72
Saturated fat: g/100g: 0.37
Carbohydrates: g/100g: 47.70
Complex Carbohydrates: g/100g:
26.50
Sugars g/100g: 21.20
Dietary Fiber g/100g: 21.00
Cholesterol mg/100g: 0
Vitamin A IU/100g: 0
Thiamine (B1) mg 100g: 0.26
Riboflavin (B2) mg/100g: 2.40
Niacin (B3) g/100g: 58.50
Pantothenic Acid (B5) mg/100g: 14.20
Vitamin C mg/100g: 0
Vitamin D IU/100g: 737
Calcium mg/100g: 36
Copper mg/100g: 4.28
Iron mg/100g: 1.9
Potassium mg/100g: 5200
Selenium mg/100g: 0.35
Sodium mg/100g: 43
Medicinal
Properties
A potent medicinal mushroom
that produces beta 1, 6-glucans
and beta 1, 3-glucans, which are
polysaccharides currently being
studied for immunopotentiation.
Literature and more current
studies show bet-glucan levels of
9-14% and approximately 27%
total polysaccharides.

Its unique beta-glucans promote

natural killer cells and are
selectively cytotoxic to tumor
cells. This mushroom has been
the subject of numerous analyses
isolating constituents, both
numerical and
immunomodulatory for the
treatment of cancers.
Overview of Techniques
for Mushroom
Cultivation
1. Preparation and pouring of agar media
into perti dishes.
2. Germination of spores and isolation of
pure mycelium.
3. Expansion of mycelial mass on agar
media.
4. Preparation of grain media.
5. Inoculation of grain media with pure
mycelium grown on agar media.
6. Incubation of inoculated grain media
(spawn).
7. Laying out grain spawns into trays or
Inoculation of grain spawns into bulk
substrates.
8. Casing – covering substrate with moist
mixture of peat and other materials
9. Initiation: lowering temperature,
increasing humidity to 95%, increasing
air circulation, decreasing CO2 or
introducing light.
10. Cropping: maintaining temperature,
lowering humidity to 85-92%,
maintaining air circulation, C02 and/ or
light levels
Sources:
Stamets, P., 2005. Mycelium Running: how mushrooms can save the world.
Ten Speed Press, Berkley California.

Stamets, P., 2000. Growing Gourmet and Medicinal Mushrooms. Ten Speed
Press, Berkley California.

Stamets, P. and Chilton, J.S., 1983. The Mushroom Cultivator. Agarikon Press,
Olympia, Washington.

Hossain K., Srker N.C., Kakon A.J., Khan A.S., and Ahmed S., 2009. Cultivation
of Reishi Mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum) on Sawdust of Different Tree
Species

* All images were found online through Google Images and are considered
free to use.