Ceiling Finishes: Presented By: Fabro, Huward L

Ceiling Finishes
Presented by: Fabro, Huward L.

Ceiling Finishes
•Ceiling finishes hide structural members, insulation, ductwork, pipes, and wires. Most good ceiling finishes are
flat and straight. Surfaces may be smooth or textured and better ceiling finishes are durable.
• Ceiling finishes provide a decorative skin to conceal building components.
•Some ceiling finishes are versatile, taking decorative finishes such as stain, paint or wallpaper readily.
Basic Ceiling Styles
•Architects aim to build special, practical, and aesthetically pleasing designs for their clients. The ceiling is a
perfect place to add details because of its wide expanse. Different ceiling designs were used in the past and are
still used today. The building of spectacular ceilings does not take decades of modern construction technology.
1. Conventional Ceiling
2. Suspended Ceiling
3. Cathedral Ceiling
4. Vaulted Ceiling
5. Tray Ceiling
6. Cove Ceiling
Conventional Ceiling
• A conventional ceiling is the ceiling type we
commonly see in homes. It is usually 8 feet high
but can be 9 to 10 feet high in a custom home.
Most conventional ceilings are typically finished
flat with a surface just like the walls. Among the
other types of ceilings, a conventional ceiling is
probably the easiest to build and it is very
functional as well.
• Conventional ceilings, on the other hand, are

simple, flat surfaces that do not attract as much
attention as other ceiling types such as coffered
and tray ceilings. Traditional ceilings can be made
to look more attractive by using the right paint
and finishes.
Suspended Ceiling
• It is also a type of conventional ceiling. The
difference is that a suspended ceiling is flat
ceiling built under an existing ceiling.
• Suspended ceilings are very popular in

commercial properties as they provide a useful
space for concealing unsightly wires and
installations that otherwise would alter the
interior appearance of the building.
Cathedral Ceiling
• A cathedral ceiling is defined by symmetry
with equal steeply sloping sides, meeting at a
ridge in the middle of a room and normally
mirroring the pitch of the roof structure. This is
a sloping ceiling attached to the trusses of the
roof up to the ridge.
• A cathedral ceiling is two equal, sloping sides that
are parallel to the pitch of the roof where the two
sides slope and meet at a ridge that runs across the
length of the room.
Vaulted Ceiling
• This type has an angle or arch that starts from
the top of walls or columns to the ceiling for a
dramatic, high, and spacious feel.
• vaulted ceiling is a self-supporting arch above
walls and beneath a roof. Some of the first
vaulted ceilings can be traced back to a
Neolithic village in Crete, built roughly seven
thousand years ago. Since then, they have been
found around the world across ages, perhaps
most notably in Gothic cathedrals and in
domed spaces like the Pantheon in Rome.
Different styles of vaults include barrel, groin,
rib, and fan.
Tray Ceiling
• A tray ceiling, also called an inverted or recessed

ceiling, features a center section that is several
inches (or several feet) higher than the areas
around the perimeter of the room. This design
allows for the use of colors painted on the trim
that can turn a bland ceiling into a focal point.
• Tray ceilings work best in large rooms with high
ceilings, where they can keep a room from
appearing cavernous by creating visual depth in
the room. The higher center of the ceiling also
provides an opportunity to create a focal point by
hanging a beautiful chandelier, pendant light, or
ceiling fan. The center section is also a great
place to paint a ceiling mural. Scenes with clouds
or stars are popular, but you can paint any scene
that appeals to you.
Cove Ceiling
• A coved ceiling is a ceiling that has had the
visual appearance of the point where the
ceiling meets the walls improved by the
addition of coving. It can also refer to an
arched-dome ceiling, like in a mosque.
• A coved ceiling is a ceiling design that
has curved edges instead of sharp angles
between the ceiling and walls which are
commonly found in most homes. They create a
dome-like design which is reminiscent of the
arched ceiling style of Middle Eastern
architecture
Different Types of Ceiling Textures
•1. Flat or Smooth Ceilings
•2. Skip Trowel Ceilings
•3. Knockdown Ceilings
•4. Orange Peel Ceilings
•5. Swirled Ceilings
•6. Popcorn Ceilings
Flat or Smooth Ceilings
• If your house will have sheetrock ceilings, you
have the option to leave the ceilings flat (or
smooth).
• Flat ceilings have a classic and understated look.
Unless we are talking about the Sistine Chapel,
ceilings are rarely a focal point in the room.
• The drawback with flat ceilings is that every
imperfection will show.
• Smooth ceiling textures also require more work.
In order to hide the imperfections of construction,
more layers of mud and additional sanding is
required.
Skip Trowel Ceilings
• A popular style for textured ceilings, skip
trowel gives the ceiling dimension with a
subtle “stuccoed” look. Skip trowel
texture is hand applied using coarse sand
and joint compound. A trowel is then used
to spread the compound and create the
texture.
• Skip trowel is popular in high-end homes
for its somewhat-Mediterranean look.
Knockdown Ceilings
• Knockdown is a texture that is similar in
style to skip trowel. Knockdown texture
starts by spraying the ceiling with a
watered-down compound. As the
compound partially dries, it drips a bit,
creating “stalactites.” These stalactites are
then scraped away, leaving a stuccoed
texture.
• knockdown is great for concealing minor
imperfections or adding some subtle depth to a
room. It does require extra labor however to
knock down the texture manually with a trowel
after the texture is sprayed.
Orange Peel Ceilings
• You get this slightly bumpy but still soft-
looking texture by spraying
drywall compound onto the ceiling. It’s
close to a splattered look but finer. It’s
smoother and more subtle than
knockdown and is a popular choice for
modern homes. It’s also commonly seen in
business premises. It provides the look of
a textured ceiling while remaining easy to
wipe clean as needed.
Swirled Ceilings
•Swirled ceilings consist of a pattern of
full or half or full shaped circles, made by
“swirling” a tool or sponge through the
compound before it sets. The result is a
striking “fanned” pattern with an art deco-
esque flair.
Popcorn Ceilings
•Popular in many homes built into the 90s,
the rough, bumpy look of a popcorn (or
cottage cheese) ceiling was a cost-effective
way to quickly make a ceiling look uniform.
•When dust, smoke residue, and cobwebs
build up, it can be harder to clean a popcorn
ceiling without knocking off some the texture.
Ceiling Finishes
•Just like the walls of a house, the ceiling should be decorated or "finished" to some extent. A building's ceiling
is in direct proportion to its floor that is why special consideration should be attributed to a ceiling's finishing
too.
• Drywall
• Artex
• Plaster Stencil
• Crown Molding
1. Dry Wall
• Drywall (also known as plasterboard, wallboard, sheet rock, gypsum board, buster board, custard
board, or gypsum panel) is a panel made of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum), with or without additives,
typically extruded between thick sheets of facer and backer paper, used in the construction of interior walls
and ceilings.
• Drywall is a construction material used to create walls and ceilings. It's also used to create many design
features, including eaves, arches and other architectural specialties. It's quick and easy to install, incredibly
durable, and requires only simple repairs when damaged.
• Drywall is also used to add fire resistance at walls and ceilings, containing the spread of fire so people can
evacuate safely during an emergency.
1. Dry Wall
2. Artex
• Is a type of surface coating used in ceilings. The mixture can be applied on the ceiling and you can basically
do you own designs in application by using a roller brush with design, plain brush or by using a piece of rug
and go freestyle. Up until the 1980s Artex was made with asbestos. It is safe to assume that only Artex prior
to 1980 are unsafe.
• Artex is a surface coating used for interior decorating, most often found on ceilings, which allows the
decorator to add a texture to it.
2. Artex
Plaster Stencil
• Plaster is a building material used for coating, protecting and decorating internal walls and ceilings. It can
also be used to create architectural mouldings such as ceiling roses, cornices, corbels, and so on.
• Plastering is the process of covering rough walls and uneven surfaces in the construction of houses and other
structures with a plastic material, called plaster, which is a mixture of lime or cement concrete and sand along
with the required quantity of water.
• Stencil is usually a thin sheet of material, such as paper, plastic, wood or metal, with letters or a design cut
from it, used to produce the letters or design on an underlying surface by applying pigment through the cut-
out holes in the material.
• Stencilling produces an image or pattern by applying pigment to a surface under an intermediate object with

designed gaps in it which create the pattern or image by only allowing the pigment to reach some parts of the
surface.
Plaster Stencil
Crown Molding
•Crown molding is typically installed at the intersection of walls and ceiling, but may also be used above doors,
windows, or cabinets. Crown treatments made from wood may be a single piece of trim, or a build-up of
multiple components to create a more elaborate look. The main element, or the only in a plain installation, is a
piece of trim that is sculpted on one side and flat on the other, with standard angles forming 90-degrees milled
on both its top and bottom edges. When placed against a wall and ceiling a triangular void is created behind it.
•Crown molding was originally installed for practical reasons which is to clean up the space where walls and
ceiling meet; only later did it become desired as a decorative element in a room while still retaining its useful
function.
Crown Molding
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Ceiling Finishes

Presented by: Fabro, Huward L.

• Ceiling finishes provide a decorative skin to conceal building components.

• Conventional ceilings, on the other hand, are

• Suspended ceilings are very popular in

• A tray ceiling, also called an inverted or recessed

• Stencilling produces an image or pattern by applying pigment to a surface under an intermediate object with

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