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    Gravity, Air Resistance, Terminal Velocity, and Projectile Motion

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    lidahtakbertulang
    Gravity, air resistance, terminal velocity, and projectile motion were discussed. The key points were: 1) Terminal velocity occurs when the air resistance force balances the force of gravity, causing an object in free fall to reach a constant maximum speed. 2) As an object's speed increases in free fall, air resistance also increases until terminal velocity is reached. 3) A skydiver's acceleration changes from 9.8 m/s^2 initially to lower values as air resistance increases, until reaching 0 m/s^2 at terminal velocity. Opening a parachute then causes acceleration to become negative as speed decreases.

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    Gravity, Air Resistance, Terminal Velocity, and Projectile Motion

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    lidahtakbertulang
    7K views23 pages
    Gravity, air resistance, terminal velocity, and projectile motion were discussed. The key points were: 1) Terminal velocity occurs when the air resistance force balances the force of gravity, causing an object in free fall to reach a constant maximum speed. 2) As an object's speed increases in free fall, air resistance also increases until terminal velocity is reached. 3) A skydiver's acceleration changes from 9.8 m/s^2 initially to lower values as air resistance increases, until reaching 0 m/s^2 at terminal velocity. Opening a parachute then causes acceleration to become negative as speed decreases.

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    Gravity and free fall

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    Gravity, air resistance, terminal velocity, and projectile motion were discussed. The key points were: 1) Terminal velocity occurs when the air resistance force balances the force of gravity, causing an object in free fall to reach a constant maximum speed. 2) As an object's speed increases in free fall, air resistance also increases until terminal velocity is reached. 3) A skydiver's acceleration changes from 9.8 m/s^2 initially to lower values as air resistance increases, until reaching 0 m/s^2 at terminal velocity. Opening a parachute then causes acceleration to become negative as speed decreases.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    7K views23 pages

    Gravity, Air Resistance, Terminal Velocity, and Projectile Motion

    Uploaded by

    lidahtakbertulang
    Gravity, air resistance, terminal velocity, and projectile motion were discussed. The key points were: 1) Terminal velocity occurs when the air resistance force balances the force of gravity, causing an object in free fall to reach a constant maximum speed. 2) As an object's speed increases in free fall, air resistance also increases until terminal velocity is reached. 3) A skydiver's acceleration changes from 9.8 m/s^2 initially to lower values as air resistance increases, until reaching 0 m/s^2 at terminal velocity. Opening a parachute then causes acceleration to become negative as speed decreases.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    Gravity, Air Resistance,

    Terminal Velocity, and


    Projectile Motion

    A Whole Bunch of Ideas in one Show


    To-Do:
     Grab a study guide from the side counter and
    cut it in ½ to share with a partner.
     Do Not paste it in your journal
     In your whirligig groups, discuss the “Science
    Behind It” column in your Deep Dive journal
    notes.
     Discuss topics such as Gravity, Air Resistance, Mass,
    Force, Surface Area, Etc.
     Complete the right hand side of your notes for
    each conclusion that you wrote.
    By the end of this presentation,
    you should be able to:
     Describe and explain what is meant by
    terminal velocity.
     Describe and explain how forces change
    on a falling object.
    What is a force

     Push or pull
    Some basics…
    Draw a picture along with each fact to help you
    remember it!

     An object’s mass _______


    Won’t affect the
    acceleration of the object due to
    gravity on earth.
     Friction always acts in the _________
    opposite

    direction as motion.
     The ___________
    surface area of an object will
    affect the velocity of a free falling
    object dropping towards earth.
    What IS gravity?
     Gravity is NOT “the force that pulls
    you down!”
     Gravity attracts all objects with mass
    inward towards other objects with
    mass.
    the Force of Gravity

     What is the force of gravity?


     The force of gravity is NOT the same
    as the acceleration DUE to gravity!
    Free Fall

     Objects whose only acceleration is due


    to gravity are in free fall.
     Theoretically, objects in free fall
    continue to accelerate as long as they
    are falling.
     All free falling objects accelerate
    at the same rate regardless of the
    ir mass.
    (9.8 m/s2)
    Galileo's Famous
    Experiment
    Acceleration of Gravity
     Any object which is being
    acted upon only by the force
    of gravity is said to be in a
    state of free fall. There are
    two important motion
    characteristics which are
    true of free-falling objects:
    – Free-falling objects do not
    encounter air resistance.
    – All free-falling objects (on
    Earth) accelerate
    downwards at a rate of 9.8
    m/s/s (often approximated
    as 10 m/s/s)
     If the velocity and time for a free-falling object being
    dropped from a position of rest were tabulated, then
    one would note the following pattern.
     Time (s) Velocity (m/s)
     0 0
     1 - 9.8
     2 - 19.6
     3 - 29.4
     4 - 39.2
     5 - 49.0
    Free Fall
     Newton’s 2nd Law
    predicts this!

    a= F
    m

     The force of gravity


    felt by a more
    massive object is
    greater
    Air Resistance
     Air resistance is an upward force
    exerted on an object as it falls by air
     It is, in essence, a frictional force
     For simplicity, the amount of air
    resistance is determined by two
    factors
    – The cross-sectional area of the object
    – The speed of the object
    Terminal Velocity
    Determine the acceleration of this 85 kg skydiver at points A-D. (Hint: F=ma)

    9.8 m/s2 5.68 m/s2 1.56 m/s2 0 m/s2


    Terminal Velocity

     The terminal velocity of a skydiver in a


    free-fall position with a semi-closed
    parachute is about 195 km/h
     Higher speeds can be attained if the
    skydiver pulls in his limbs. In this case,
    the terminal velocity increases to
    about 320 km/h!
     The more compact and dense the object, the higher its
    terminal velocity will be. Typical examples are the
    following: raindrop, 25 ft/s, a skydiver was found to be
    in a range from 53 m/s to 76 m/s
    Possible Test Questions:
     What factor causes terminal velocity to occur?

     If an object is at terminal velocity, is it


    speeding up, slowing down, or falling at a
    constant speed?
     Describe and explain how forces change on a
    falling object.
    W Richards Worthing High School

    Terminal Velocity
    Consider a skydiver:

    1) At the start of his jump the air


    zero so he
    resistance is _______
    ____ downwards.
    accelerates

    2) As his speed increases his air


    increase
    resistance will _______

    3) Eventually the air resistance will be


    big enough to _______
    balance the
    skydiver’s weight. At this point
    the forces are balanced so his
    constant - this is
    speed becomes ________
    called TERMINAL VELOCITY
    How the forces change with time.
    KEY
    Gravity
    (constant value &
    always present…weight)

    Air resistance

    (friction)

    Net force
    (acceleration OR changing
    velocity)
    Terminal
    Velocity
    Consider a skydiver:
    4) When he opens his parachute the
    air resistance suddenly ________,
    increases
    causing him to start _____
    slowing____.
    down

    5) Because he is slowing down his air


    resistance will _______
    decrease until it
    balances his _________.
    weight The
    skydiver has now reached a new,
    terminal _______.
    lower ________ velocity
    Velocity-time graph for the
    Velocity Parachute opens –
    sky diver diver slows down
    Speed
    increases…

    Terminal
    velocity
    reached…
    Mo on
    n the
    O

    Time
    New, lower terminal Diver hits the ground
    velocity reached
    Projectile Motion
     Projectile: When a
    falling object also
    experiences
    horizontal motion
     Horizontal motion
    does not affect
    vertical motion

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