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    Assignment No:5: WAP To Execute The Servlet Life Cycle Methods

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    anisha154
    The document discusses the life cycle of a servlet, including initialization (init method), processing requests (service method calling doGet/doPost methods), and destruction (destroy method). It also provides steps to write a basic "Hello World" servlet program in Java, compile it, configure it in a web application folder and web.xml file, and run it using a web server like Tomcat. The servlet receives HTTP requests and generates an HTML response output.

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    Assignment No:5: WAP To Execute The Servlet Life Cycle Methods

    Uploaded by

    anisha154
    134 views26 pages
    The document discusses the life cycle of a servlet, including initialization (init method), processing requests (service method calling doGet/doPost methods), and destruction (destroy method). It also provides steps to write a basic "Hello World" servlet program in Java, compile it, configure it in a web application folder and web.xml file, and run it using a web server like Tomcat. The servlet receives HTTP requests and generates an HTML response output.

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    servlet

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    The document discusses the life cycle of a servlet, including initialization (init method), processing requests (service method calling doGet/doPost methods), and destruction (destroy method). It also provides steps to write a basic "Hello World" servlet program in Java, compile it, configure it in a web application folder and web.xml file, and run it using a web server like Tomcat. The servlet receives HTTP requests and generates an HTML response output.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    134 views26 pages

    Assignment No:5: WAP To Execute The Servlet Life Cycle Methods

    Uploaded by

    anisha154
    The document discusses the life cycle of a servlet, including initialization (init method), processing requests (service method calling doGet/doPost methods), and destruction (destroy method). It also provides steps to write a basic "Hello World" servlet program in Java, compile it, configure it in a web application folder and web.xml file, and run it using a web server like Tomcat. The servlet receives HTTP requests and generates an HTML response output.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Assignment No:5

    WAP to execute the Servlet life


    cycle methods
    Session Plan

     Servlet Fundamentals
     Basic Servlet Structure

     A Servlet’s Life Cycle

     Writing Servlet Hello World

     Installation, Configuration and running


    Servlets
     A Servlet Program

     Output Screens
    2
    Servlet
     Servlets are server side Java programs which extends the
    functionality of web server
     Servlet are protocol independent that means it can be used
    virtually with any protocol to process the request and
    generate the response
     However in practice Servlets are used to process the HTTP
    requests and generate the HTML response
    Servlet Fundamentals
     Java Servlet is a server side web application service
    technology
     They are loaded by a servlet server such as Tomcat, Jetty,
    BEA's WebLogic which maps them to some location on the
    web server's web space
    Basic Servlet Structure
     As seen earlier, Java servlets are server side programs or to
    be more specific; web applications that run on servers that
    comply HTTP protocol
     The javax.servlet and javax.servlet.http packages provide
    the necessary interfaces and classes to work with Servlets
     Servlets generally extend the HttpServlet class and
    override the doGet or the doPost methods
     Servlets are Java objects that implement the
    javax.servlet.Servlet interface
     In addition, other methods such as init, service and destroy
    also called as life cycle methods
    The skeleton of a Servlet is given in Figure
    A Servlet’s Life Cycle
    A Servlet’s Life Cycle
     The first time a Servlet is invoked, it is the init method
    which is called. This is called only once during the lifetime
    of a Servlet. So, can put all initialization code here. This
    method next calls the service method
     The service method in turn calls the doGet or doPost
    methods (whichever the user has overridden)
     Finally, the Servlet calls the destroy method. This is used to
    reset or close references / connections done earlier in the
    servlet’s methods (e.g. init, service or doGet /doPost). After
    this method is called, the Servlet ceases to exist for all
    practical purposes
     However, please note that it is not mandatory to override all
    these methods. More often than not, it is the doGet or
    doPost method used with one or more of the other life cycle
    methods
    Difference between GET and POST
    request methods
     GET request sends the request parameters as query string
    appended at the end of the request URL, whereas POST
    request sends the request parameters as part of the HTTP
    request body
     Since GET request sends the parameters as query string,
    parameters are displayed in browser address bar. User can
    bookmark the URL. Depending on how sensitive request
    parameters are, it may be a security issue
     One another issue with GET request is, some servers limits
    the length of the URL to 240 characters, so if the too many
    parameters are appended in query string and URL exceeds
    this length, some web servers might not accept the request.
    These restrictions don’t apply to POST method as it sends
    the parameters as request body. POST requests cannot be
    bookmarked
    The javax.servlet package

     To the developers, it provides the library to develop the


    Servlet based applications
    Servlet HelloWorld Program
    import java.io.*;
    import javax.servlet.*;
    import javax.servlet.http.*;

    public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet


    {
    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
    response) throws ServletException,IOException
    {
    response.setContentType("text/html");
    PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
    pw.println("<html>");
    pw.println("<head><title>Hello World</title></title>");
    pw.println("<body>");
    pw.println("<h1>Hello World</h1>");
    pw.println("</body></html>");
    }
    }
    Installation, Configuration and running
    Servlets
    1. Installation of Tomcat Server and JDK
    2. Configuring Tomcat Server
    Variable Name
     JAVA_HOME:C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0

    System Variable
     CLASSPATH:C:\Program Files\Apache Software
    Foundation\Tomcat 6.0\lib\servlet-api.jar
    Installation, Configuration and running
    Servlets
    3. Run Tomcat Server

    Step 1
    • Go to C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Tomcat
    6.0\bin and double click on tomcat6
    OR
    • Go to Start->Programs->Apache Tomcat 6.0 -> Monitor
    Tomcat. You will notice an icon appear on the right side of
    your Status Bar.   Right click on this icon and click on Start
    service
    Installation, Configuration and running
    Servlets
    3. Run Tomcat Server
    Step 2

    • Open your Browser (e.g. MS Internet Explorer) and type the


    following URL :http://localhost/ (If you have changed to port # to 80)

    OR

    • Open your Browser (e.g. MS Internet Explorer) and type the


    following URL :

    http://localhost:8080/ (If you have NOT changed the default port #)

    In either case, you should get a same page that the Tomcat Server
    is successfully running on your machine.
    Installation, Configuration and running
    Servlets
    4. Compile and Execute Servlet program
    [A] Compile your Servlet program

     The first step is to compile your Servlet program


     The procedure is no different from that of writing and compiling a
    java program
     But, the point to be noted is that neither the javax.servlet.* nor the
    javax.servlet.http.* is part of the standard JDK
     It has to be exclusively added in the CLASSPATH
     The set of classes required for writing Servlets is available in a jar
    file called servlet-api.jar
     Include the following path in CLASSPATH Variable
    CLASSPATH:- C:\Program Files\Apache Software
    Foundation\Tomcat 6.0\lib\servlet-api.jar
    Installation, Configuration and running
    Servlets
    4. Compile and Execute Servlet program
    [B] Create your Web application folder

     The next step is to create your web


    application folder
     The name of the folder can be any valid
    and logical name that represents your
    application
    (e.g. bank_apps, airline_tickets_booking,
    shopping_cart,etc)
     But the most important criterion is that
    this folder should be created under
    webapps folder
     The path would be similar or close to
    this - C:\Program Files\Apache Software
    Foundation\Tomcat 6.0\webapps
     For demo purpose, let us create a folder
    called demo-examples under the
    webapps folder  Fig: Depicts the same
    Installation, Configuration and running
    Servlets
    4. Compile and Execute Servlet program

    [C] Create the WEB-INF folder

     The third step is to create


    the WEB-INF folder.
     This folder should be created
    under your web application
    folder that you created in
    the previous step.
     Figure shows the WEB-INF Fig: WEB-INF folder inside web application folder

    folder being placed under


    the demo-examples folder
    Installation, Configuration and
    running Servlets
    4. Compile and Execute Servlet program

    [D] Create the web.xml file and the classes folder

     The fourth step is to create


    the web.xml file and the
    classes folder
     Ensure that the web.xml and
    classes folder are created
    under the WEB-INF folder
     Fig shows this file and
    folder being placed under
    the WEB-INF folder Fig: web.xml file and the classes folder
    Installation, Configuration and
    running Servlets
    4. Compile and Execute Servlet program

    [E] Copy the Servlet class to the classes folder

     We need to copy the Servlet


    class file to the classes folder
    in order to run the Servlet that
    we created
     All you need to do is copy the
    Servlet class file
    (the file we obtained from Step 1)
    to this folder
     Fig shows the HelloWorld Fig: Servlet class file placed under classes folder
    class being placed in the
    classes folder
    Installation, Configuration and
    running Servlets
    4. Compile and Execute
    Servlet program

    [F] Edit web.xml to include


    Servlet’s name and url pattern

     This step involves two


    actions viz. including the
    Servlet’s name and then
    mentioning the url pattern
     First include the Servlet’s
    name in the web.xml file.
    For this open the web.xml
    file and include the Fig: Include servlet’s name using the <servlet> </servlet>
    Servlet’s name as shown tag
    in Fig
    Note – The servlet-name need not be the same as that of the
    class name. You can give a different name (or alias) to the
    actual Servlet. This is one of the main reasons as why this
    tag is used for.
    Installation, Configuration and
    running Servlets
    4. Compile and Execute
    Servlet program

    [G] Run Tomcat server and then


    execute your Servlet

     This step again involves two actions


    viz. running the Web Server and
    then executing the servlet.
     Run the server & ensures that the
    web server is running successfully
    then run your servlet program.
     To do this, open the web browser
    and enter the url as specified in the
    web.xml file.
     The complete url that needs to be
    entered in the browser is: Next, include the url pattern using the <servlet-
    mapping> </servlet-mapping> tag. The url pattern
    http://localhost:8080/demo-examples/ defines as how a user can access the servlet from the
    HelloWorld browser.

    Fig shows the url pattern entry for our current


    servlet.
    Servlet’s output

    Here’s the output of first Servlet

    Fig: Servlet’s output!


    Show Servlet lifecycle methods
    Servlet’s output
    As mentioned we can keep refreshing the browser
    window and see as how i value is incremented.
    (a proof that the doGet is called every time you re-
    invoke a servlet)
    Fig: Servlet’s output!

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