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How The Concept of The Element Evolved From Ancient Greek To The Present

The ancient Greeks proposed different basic elements including fire, water, earth and air. Over time, scientists developed more extensive lists of elements and organized them in early periodic tables based on properties like atomic weight. Key contributors included Lavoisier, Berzelius, Dobereiner, Newlands, Meyer and Mendeleev. Ramsay discovered the noble gases while Moseley determined atomic number, modifying the periodic law. Seaborg synthesized transuranic elements adding to the periodic table. Elements are now classified by groups including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens and noble gases based on their properties and position in the periodic table.

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Pineda, Sean Alfred
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458 views

How The Concept of The Element Evolved From Ancient Greek To The Present

The ancient Greeks proposed different basic elements including fire, water, earth and air. Over time, scientists developed more extensive lists of elements and organized them in early periodic tables based on properties like atomic weight. Key contributors included Lavoisier, Berzelius, Dobereiner, Newlands, Meyer and Mendeleev. Ramsay discovered the noble gases while Moseley determined atomic number, modifying the periodic law. Seaborg synthesized transuranic elements adding to the periodic table. Elements are now classified by groups including alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens and noble gases based on their properties and position in the periodic table.

Uploaded by

Pineda, Sean Alfred
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HOW THE CONCEPT OF THE

E L E M E N T E V O LV E D F R O M
ANCIENT GREEK TO THE
PRESENT

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
LEARNING
OBJECTIVE(S):
At the end of the module, the learners will be able to:

• Describe the ideas of the ancient Greeks on the elements.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
ELEMENTS

HERACLITUS THALES
The basic elements is fire. The basic elements is water.

EMPEDOCLES ANAXIMENES
The basic elements is earth. The basic elements is air.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY
OF
PERIODIC
TA B L E

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E
ANTOINE LAVOISIER

• Wrote the first extensive list of elements containing 33


elements.
• Distinguished between metals and non-metals.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E
JONS JAKOB BERZELIUS
 Developed a table of atomic weights.
 Introduced letters to symbolize elements.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E
JOHANN DOBEREINER
 Developed “triads”, group of 3 elements with similar
properties.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E
JOHN NEWLANDS

• The known elements were arranged in order of atomic


weights.
• Every eight element had properties similar to the first.
• He proposed the “Law of Octaves”.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E
LOTHAR MEYER

• Compiled a Periodic Table of 56 elements based on the


periodicity of properties such a molar volume when
arranged in order of atomic weight.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E
DMITRI MENDELEEV

 Produced a table based on atomic weights but arranged


‘periodically’ with elements, with similar properties under
each other.
 Gaps were left for elements that were unknown at that
time and their properties predicted.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E

WILLIAM RAMSAY

• Discovered the Noble Gases.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E

HENRY MOSELEY

• Determined the atomic number of each elements.


• He modified the ‘Periodic Law’ to read that the
properties of the elements vary periodically with their
atomic number.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
HISTORY OF
P E R I O D I C TA B L E

GLENN SEABORG

 Synthesized transuranic elements (the


elements after uranium in the periodic table).
 These new elements were part of a new block
of the periodic table called Actinides.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre
(SHS-Reg Department)
Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre
(SHS-Reg Department)
Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre
(SHS-Reg Department)
CLASSIFYING THE ELEMENTS

Alkali Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals

Transition Metals

Halogens

Noble Gases

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
CLASSIFYING
THE ELEMENTS
ALKALI METALS

• They are in group 1 of periodic table (except Hydrogen).


• They are shiny, soft and can be cut with knife.
• They have 1 valence electron.
• The most reactive metals (react violently with water).
• Reactivity increasing down the group.
• Never found as free elements in nature.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
CLASSIFYING
THE ELEMENTS

ALKALINE EARTH METAL

• They are in group 2 of periodic table.


• They are less reactive than alkali metal.
• They are shiny and silvery-white in color.
• They have 2 valence electrons.
• They are never found uncombined in nature.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
CLASSIFYING
THE ELEMENTS
TRANSITION METALS
• They are in group 3 to 12 of periodic table.
• Good conductors of heat and electricity.
• The compounds of transition metals are usually
brightly colored.
• Having variable oxidation number.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
CLASSIFYING
THE ELEMENTS

HALOGENS

• They are in group 17 of periodic table.


• They have 7 valence electrons.
• The most reactive of the non-metals.
• React with alkali metals to from salts.
• Reactivity decreasing down the group.

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
CLASSIFYING
THE ELEMENTS
NOBLE GAS

• They are in group 18 of the periodic table.


• Also known as inert gas.
• All exist in gases at room temperature.
• Non-reactive because they have a full valence
shell (which is 8).

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)
THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!

Prepared by: Ms. Elaisa L. Dela Torre


(SHS-Reg Department)

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