Mutualism, Parasitism, Commensalism, and Adaptation: Name: Maithili Karande SRN No.: 202000140
Mutualism, Parasitism, Commensalism, and Adaptation: Name: Maithili Karande SRN No.: 202000140
Mutualism, Parasitism, Commensalism, and Adaptation: Name: Maithili Karande SRN No.: 202000140
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Sea anemones and Clownfish
A clownfish are usually found living on the tentacles of a sea anemone,
which stings almost all other fishes. The clownfish has a mucus on the skin,
which protects itself from the sting and protects the anemones from the
butterfly fish. At the same time, the anemone serves as a safe place for the
clown fish.
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Oxpeckers and Zebras/Rhinos
The oxpecker avian lives on the zebra or rhino and eats all the bugs and
parasites residing on either of the two. At the same time, whenever there is
danger to the zebra or rhino, the bird flies high to alert other animals to a
predator.
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Parasitism
The word parasite is derived from the Latin
form of the Greek word, meaning “one who
eats at the table of another”. Parasitism is
generally defined as a relationship between the
two living species in which one organism is
benefitted at the expense of the other. The
organism that is benefitted is called the
parasite, while the one that is harmed or
sometimes killed is called the host.
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Deer and ticks
The tick embeds it self under the deer skin and sucks the deer blood. This
causes the deer serious discomfort but makes the tick happy.
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In Plants
Aphids are small green insects that parasitize plants by eating their sap.
Many types of fungi can also attack plants and can spoil wheat, fruit, and
vegetables.
Louse
The louse is a parasite that attaches itself to human hair and feeds on
human blood. Lice typically feed on blood four to five times each day.
They use their mouth parts to bite into the skin and secrete a substance that
acts to block clotting.
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Commensalism
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Remora (Shark)
A remora (Echeneis naucrates) and its host, a zebra shark (Stegostoma
fasciatum). By attaching itself to the shark, the remora is carried along
by the shark, allowing the remora to travel to different areas without
having to expend its own energy to swim. The shark is completely
unaffected by the remora's presence.
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Poison Dart Frogs and Leafy Plants
Poison dart frogs will often move to the undersides of large plant leaves or
under the leaves themselves as protection from the elements or from
predators. The frogs benefit by having a place of protection, while the plant
is unaffected by the frogs using them as a temporary place to hide.
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Adaptation
Adaptation is the physical or behavioral
characteristic of an organism that helps an
organism to survive better in the surrounding
environment.
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Meerkats’ Coloring Helps Them See
They can see danger coming from every angle – even before they’re spotted
by the predators themselves!
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Tigers Disappear in the Shadows
Tigers are famous for their beautiful stripes. But those stripes aren’t just
decoration: they help tigers lurk in shadowy jungles. Their stripes camouflage
them in the shadows cast by tall trees and branches, making them almost
invisible to unsuspecting prey.
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