8.project Quality Management
8.project Quality Management
8.project Quality Management
Executing
Processes
Knowled Process
ge Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring & Closing
Area Contol
Perform Perform
Cost Quality
Quality - Quality -
Planning
Assurance Control
Project Quality Management
• Quality is degree to which the project fulfills requirements
• Just in Time (JIT): just when they are needed or just before they are
needed.
– It forces attention on quality practices.
Tools &
Inputs Outputs
Techniques
1. Scope baseline 1. Cost benefit analysis 1. Quality management
2. Stakeholder register 2. Cost of Quality plan
3. Cost (CoQ) 2. Quality metrics
performance 3. Control charts 3. Quality checklists
baseline 4. Benchmarking 4. Process
4. Schedule 5. Design of improvement plan
baseline experiments 5. Project document
5. Risk register 6. Statistical sampling updates
6. Enterprise 7. Flowcharting
environmental 8. Proprietary
factors quality
7. Organizational management
process assets methodologies
9. Additional
Quality Planning Techniques
• Cost benefit analysis
– Weight the benefits versus the cost of meeting quality requirements
• Statistical sampling
– We need it since studying entire population would take too long, too much
cost, be too destructive
• Flow charting
– Use to see a process or system flows and find potential quality problem
Cost of Quality
• Cost of quality (CoQ)
– Looking at what the cost of conformance and nonconformance to
quality
creating
and an appropriate .. should be less then..
balance
<
• Quality checklists
– A list of items to inspect, step to be performed and note if any defects found
8.2 Perform Quality Assurance
• The process of auditing the quality requirement and the result of
quality control measurements to ensure appropriate quality standards
and operational definitions are used.
Tools &
Inputs Outputs
Techniques
1. Project 1. Plan quality and 1. Organizational
management Perform Quality process updates
plan Control tools & 2. Change requests
2. Quality metrics techniques 3. Project
3. Work 2. Quality audits management
performance 3. Process analysis plan updates
information 4. Project
4. Quality document
control updates
measurement
Quality Assurance
• Quality Audits
– To see if you are complying with company policies, standards &
procedures
– Determine whether they are used efficiently & effectively
– Identify all the good practices being implemented
– Identify all the gaps/shortcomings
– Look for new lesson learned & good practices
• Process Analysis
– Includes root cause analysis
8.3 Perform Quality Control
• The process of monitoring and recording results of executing the
quality activities to assess performance and recommend necessary
changes.
Tools &
Inputs Outputs
Techniques
1. Project 1. Cause and 1. Quality
management effect diagrams control
plan 2. Control charts measureme
2. Quality metrics 3. Flowcharting nts
3. Quality checklist 4. Histogram 2. Validated
4. Work 5. Pareto chart changes
performance 6. Run chart 3. Validated
measurements deliverables
7. Scatter
5. Approved diagram 4. Organizational
change 8. Statistical process updates
requests sampling 5. Change requests
6. Deliverables 9. Inspection 6. Project
7. Organizational 10.Approved management
process assets change plan updates
request s reviews 7. Project
Quality Control
• Cause and Effect Diagram (Ishikawa Diagram or Fishbone Diagram)
– Helps stimulate thinking, organize thoughts, and generate discussion
– Can be use to explore the factors that will result in a desire future outcome
• Histogram
– Showing how often a particular problem/situation occurred
• Run Chart
– To look at history and see a pattern of variation
Percentage of occurrences
Number of σ between two control
limits
1 68.26%
2 95.64%
3 99.73%
6 99.99985%
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Project Human Resource Management
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