This document discusses the key elements that define a state: government, population, territory, and sovereignty. It explains that a state is a community of people living in a definite territory under an established government with internal and external sovereignty. The document then provides more details on each of the four defining elements, including that a government consists of legislative, executive, and judicial branches, and that while population size can vary, there must be enough people to govern the territory and exploit its resources. Territory must be clearly defined and boundaries controlled. Sovereignty refers to the state's supreme legal authority over those within its territory and freedom from external control.
This document discusses the key elements that define a state: government, population, territory, and sovereignty. It explains that a state is a community of people living in a definite territory under an established government with internal and external sovereignty. The document then provides more details on each of the four defining elements, including that a government consists of legislative, executive, and judicial branches, and that while population size can vary, there must be enough people to govern the territory and exploit its resources. Territory must be clearly defined and boundaries controlled. Sovereignty refers to the state's supreme legal authority over those within its territory and freedom from external control.
This document discusses the key elements that define a state: government, population, territory, and sovereignty. It explains that a state is a community of people living in a definite territory under an established government with internal and external sovereignty. The document then provides more details on each of the four defining elements, including that a government consists of legislative, executive, and judicial branches, and that while population size can vary, there must be enough people to govern the territory and exploit its resources. Territory must be clearly defined and boundaries controlled. Sovereignty refers to the state's supreme legal authority over those within its territory and freedom from external control.
This document discusses the key elements that define a state: government, population, territory, and sovereignty. It explains that a state is a community of people living in a definite territory under an established government with internal and external sovereignty. The document then provides more details on each of the four defining elements, including that a government consists of legislative, executive, and judicial branches, and that while population size can vary, there must be enough people to govern the territory and exploit its resources. Territory must be clearly defined and boundaries controlled. Sovereignty refers to the state's supreme legal authority over those within its territory and freedom from external control.
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PARLIAMENTARY GOVERNMENT
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL GOVERNMENT UNDERSTANDING THE MATRIX OF STATE
THE ELEMENTS OF A STATE
WHAT IS A STATE? State is usually used to replace the term Nation. Generally, some people use one of these terms interchangeably. However STATE and NATION are two distinct words. The symbol that signifies the unity of people who are confined with the same culture, traditions and practices is what we call a NATION. What makes a NATION a STATE? THE FOUR ELEMENTS OF A STATE 1. GOVERNMENT 2. POPULATION/PEOPLE 3. TERRITORY 4. SOVEREIGNTY
STATE- is a community of people, living in a
definite territory, under an established government with an internal and external sovereignty. GOVERNMENT Government is the important- indeed, indispensable machinery by means of which the state maintains its existence, carries on its functions and realize its policies and objectives. A community of persons does not form a state unless it is organized by an established government. Government usually consists of three branches: the Legislature, the Executive and the Judiciary. Their respective functions are legislation, administration and adjudication. The particular form of government depends upon the nature of the state which in turn depends upon the political habits and character of the people. POPULATION The State is a human institution. Hence population is said to be it’s first and foremost element. No state can be imagined without the people, as there must be some to rule and others to be ruled. The people constitute its "personal basis".
FALLACY ABOUT THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN A STATE:
It is however, difficult to fix the size of the population of a state. For the Greek Philosopher Plato, the ideal state should not contain more than 5040 people. But Rousseau the French Philosopher would treat 10,000 inhabitants as the ideal population. Modern states greatly vary in population. While some modern states (e.g. the USA, Russia and Canada) are still under populated relating to area, resources and similar factors, like (e.g., China, India, Egypt) are confronted by the problem of population which is expanding too rapidly for their natural and technological resources. There is no such hard and first rule as to the number of people required to make a state. The population of a state must be large enough to preserve the political independence and to exploit its natural resources and small enough to be well governed. TERRITORY People cannot constitute a state, unless they inhabit in a definite territory .When they reside permanently in a fixed place, they develop a community of interests and a sense of unity. It becomes easy to organize them into a political unit .Guide and control them. So the state requires a fixed territory, with clearly demarcated boundaries over which it exercises undisputed authority. Territory is its "material basis". The territory of a state comprises: i) Land, mountains, and other forms of land( terrestrial) ii) Territorial and extended waters ( fluvial) iii) Air space, lying above its territory.( aerial) The state has full rights of control and use over its territory. SOVEREIGNTY The fourth essential element of the state is sovereignty. It is that important element which distinguishes the state from all other associations. The word Sovereignty comes from the French word “soverain” which means “ highest” supreme and final legal authority and beyond which no further legal power exists. Sovereignty has two aspects- internal and external. Internal sovereignty is the supreme authority of the state over all individuals and associations within its geographical limits. By virtue of it, the state makes- and enforces laws on persons and associations. Any violation of these laws will lead to some legal consequences. External sovereignty implies the freedom of the state from foreign control. No external authority can limit its power. India before 1947 was not a state because though it had the other three elements, i.e., population, territory and government, the fourth and the most important one i.e., independence was missing. A state's sovereignty extends to its territory. The sovereignty of the state over its territory and its people must be accepted as undisputed. A state also requires recognition by other sovereign states. Such recognition is provided by the community of states; international organizations like the United Nations, which grant membership to sovereign states. The UN membership is a means of recognizing state's sovereignty whenever a new state comes into existence, its recognition by other states and by UN is extremely important. Every state must have its population, a definite territory, a duly established government and sovereignty. Absence of any of these elements denies to it the status of statehood. W E, AS INDIVIDUALS HAS THE RESPONSIBILIT Y OF CREATING A WONDERFUL STATE, EVEN IF HUMANIT Y BECOMES THE LEAST IMPORTANT ELEMENT OF A STATE. THANK YOU!
