A Critique Of: "Risk Factors of Renal Cell Carcinoma in A Cohort of Sri Lankan Patients: A Case-Control Study."

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences

A Critique of: “Risk Factors
College of Nursing of Renal Cell Carcinoma in A
Epidemiology and Population Based Healthcare Cohort of Sri Lankan
Patients: A
Case- Control Study.”
Done by:.
1-Njoud Alboshal -391230646
2-Maryam Alwehimed -391230512
3-Eman Alwehimed -391230510
4-Maryam Alghuwainem- 391230584
5-Sharefa Alghuwainem -391230562
6-Wadha Al holibi -391230555
7-Setah Alrweshed- 391230567
8-Fatimah alshawaf- 391230655
9-Wasayf Alomayrin- 391230556
10-Maram alessa -391230657
11-Waad alsabkha- 391230600
12-Haya alaboud- 391230627
13-Zainab albrahem -391230541
14-Hibah Alhassan -391230653
15-Aisha Alshami -391230614
16-Raghad alsleem- 391230571
17-Taghreed bushalaf- 391230634
18-Munirah alhalaibi -371230135
19-Mariam Abdulrahman- 391230542
Dr.Faiza Aljarmeez
The Article’s: Title, Authors, Publication
Information, Volume And Page Numbers
Balagobi, B., Indika, K., Samaraweera, W. M. C., Wijayarathna, K. S. N.,

Maddumage, H. P., Sutharshan, K., ... &Abeygunasekera, A. M. (2019). Risk
factors of renal cell carcinoma in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients: A case–control
study. Journal of cancer research and therapeutics, 15(8), 91.
Aims and the Research Problem:
 Aim: The article sought to identify the underlying risk
factors that led to Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) in a
cohort of Sri Lanka patients. It also highlighted the
clinicopathological characteristics and primary
treatment given to patients with RCC in the selected
urology unit of the tertiary care hospital.
 The Research Problem being addressed is whether

obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking
were associated with a high risk of developing RCC in
the Sri Lanka patients.
Hypothesis
1. Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and

Smoking are Risk Factors of RCC Among the Sri
Lanka Patients.
Article’s Summary
 The research explores an important topic, as cases of RCC continue

to rise in Sri Lanka. Balagobi et al. (2019) used a sample of 188
patients visiting the selected urology unit of the tertiary care
hospital in Sri Lanka from 2009-2015, to assess the underlying risk
factors for RCC among the patients.
 Researchers collected the medical and demographic histories of the

patients to help identify the risk factors.
Summary Cont.
Using the chi-square statistical tool, the researchers found a

significant relationship between RCC and factors including
obesity, hypertension, and diabetes.
 Researchers found smoking not to be a significant risk

factor among the patients.
A Critique
 While the abstract systematically reflects the
research, from it however, the issue being addressed-
risk factors of renal cell carcinoma in a cohort of
patients is not straightforward since a comprehensive
study would include patients from all age groups.
 The research is relatively inadequate in the

introductory paragraphs. A clear account of the
relationship between differences in variation of risk
factors and the difference in the behavior of RCC in
various Asia countries is not addressed.
Critique Cont.
 Apart from the risk factors mentioned in the article, other
factors such as using certain medications such as
acetaminophen, advanced kidney diseases, genetic and
hereditary factors among the patients were overlooked in the
research (Gorin & Allaf, 2019).
 Sample size :Given that renal cell carcinoma affects less than
3% of adults, the sample size of 188 patients was good.
However, the research findings could be more cogent if more
RCC patients visiting different urology units and hospitals
across the country were part of the study.
Critique Cont.
-While the article identifies smoking as a risk factor, the

researchers have not mentioned or furnished an account for
excluding the patients exposed to secondary smoke in their
analysis.
-The research could be more convincing if it mentioned Furman’s
grading system, its selection criteria, applicability, advantages,
parameters that affect its precision,, and why other more superior
grading systems such as the ISUP/WHO were overlooked.
Critique Cont.
Statistical Analysis Tool :

The chi-square eligibility as
a statistical analysis tool has
not been mentioned in the
research.
Conclusion
 The research has merit. Renal cell carcinoma is a deadly

condition of the kidney that affects majorly older men. It is
imperative to understand its symptoms, different treatment,
therapies, or management approaches.
 However, the study could have been more potent if the sample
size was large enough, well-distributed, and representative.
Besides, selection, eligibility, and validation of the statistical
tool and RCC grading system could make the study
comprehensive, more meaningful, and cogent.
References
-Gorin, M. A., & Allaf, M. E. (Eds.). (2019). Diagnosis and surgical

management of renal tumors. Springer International Publishing.
-Balagobi, B., Indika, K., Samaraweera, W. M. C., Wijayarathna, K. S. N.,

Maddumage, H. P., Sutharshan, K., ... & Abeygunasekera, A. M. (2019).
Risk factors of renal cell carcinoma in A cohort of Sri Lankan patients: A
case–control study. Journal of Cancer Research And Therapeutics, 15(8),
91.
Thank you for your attention!

A Critique Of: "Risk Factors of Renal Cell Carcinoma in A Cohort of Sri Lankan Patients: A Case-Control Study."

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A Critique Of: "Risk Factors of Renal Cell Carcinoma in A Cohort of Sri Lankan Patients: A Case-Control Study."

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Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

King Saud Bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences

Balagobi, B., Indika, K., Samaraweera, W. M. C., Wijayarathna, K. S. N.,

 The Research Problem being addressed is whether

1. Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and

 The research explores an important topic, as cases of RCC continue

 Researchers collected the medical and demographic histories of the

Using the chi-square statistical tool, the researchers found a

 Researchers found smoking not to be a significant risk

 The research is relatively inadequate in the

-While the article identifies smoking as a risk factor, the

Statistical Analysis Tool :

 The research has merit. Renal cell carcinoma is a deadly

-Gorin, M. A., & Allaf, M. E. (Eds.). (2019). Diagnosis and surgical

-Balagobi, B., Indika, K., Samaraweera, W. M. C., Wijayarathna, K. S. N.,

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