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    Historical Background of Philippine Democratic Politics

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    ricoliwanag
    The document summarizes the history of Philippine democratic politics from pre-colonial times to the present. It discusses the barangay system of governance, the Spanish colonial period beginning in 1521, the propaganda movement for reforms, the Katipunan revolution against Spain in 1896, the establishment of the First Philippine Republic in 1898, the American colonial period beginning in 1901, the independence movement and establishment of the Commonwealth in 1935, Japanese occupation during World War 2, and the successive Philippine republics and presidents from 1946 to the present.

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    Historical Background of Philippine Democratic Politics

    Uploaded by

    ricoliwanag
    110 views28 pages
    The document summarizes the history of Philippine democratic politics from pre-colonial times to the present. It discusses the barangay system of governance, the Spanish colonial period beginning in 1521, the propaganda movement for reforms, the Katipunan revolution against Spain in 1896, the establishment of the First Philippine Republic in 1898, the American colonial period beginning in 1901, the independence movement and establishment of the Commonwealth in 1935, Japanese occupation during World War 2, and the successive Philippine republics and presidents from 1946 to the present.

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    PPG-Chapter-5-Historical-Background

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    The document summarizes the history of Philippine democratic politics from pre-colonial times to the present. It discusses the barangay system of governance, the Spanish colonial period beginning in 1521, the propaganda movement for reforms, the Katipunan revolution against Spain in 1896, the establishment of the First Philippine Republic in 1898, the American colonial period beginning in 1901, the independence movement and establishment of the Commonwealth in 1935, Japanese occupation during World War 2, and the successive Philippine republics and presidents from 1946 to the present.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    110 views28 pages

    Historical Background of Philippine Democratic Politics

    Uploaded by

    ricoliwanag
    The document summarizes the history of Philippine democratic politics from pre-colonial times to the present. It discusses the barangay system of governance, the Spanish colonial period beginning in 1521, the propaganda movement for reforms, the Katipunan revolution against Spain in 1896, the establishment of the First Philippine Republic in 1898, the American colonial period beginning in 1901, the independence movement and establishment of the Commonwealth in 1935, Japanese occupation during World War 2, and the successive Philippine republics and presidents from 1946 to the present.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 28

    CHAPTER 5:

    Historical
    Background of
    Philippine Democratic
    Politics
    1. PRE-COLONIAL ERA
    The barangay is the earliest known
    system of government.

    ⬗ It came from the word “balangay” or


    sea faring vessel.
    ⬗ Under the government of a rajah,
    datu or sultan
    ⬗ Has legal systems in place as they
    have their way of making laws as
    well as enforcing and executing them

    2
    2. Coming of the west (1521)
    Ferdinand Magellan landed on
    the island called Homonhon,
    naming it as Islas de San Lazaro.

    1543 – Ruy Lopez de Villalobos led


    an expedition to the islands, and
    gave the name Las Islas Filipinas
    to the islands of Samar and
    Leyte
    3
    2. Coming of the west (1521)

    1565- European colonization


    began when Miguel Lopez de
    Legazpi arrived from Mexico
    (5 ships and 500 men accompanied
    by Augustinian monks)

    4
    2. Coming of the west (1521)

    - Under the Governor General appointed by the King of Spain


    - The provinces under the Alcalde mayor
    - Alcaldia and Corregidor
    - (Corregemiento & Alcalde Mayor)
    - Gobernadorcillo – town
    - Cabeza de barangay – Datu (BARANGAY)

    5
    The Drive For Nationhood
    Propaganda Movement – process of
    sociopolitical aspiration for reforms
    after the hardships and sacrifices
    under the Spanish tyranny

    Propaganda movements was organized


    by Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Jose Rizal,
    Graciano Lopez-Jaena in Spain
    The Drive For Nationhood
    La Solidaridad – a newspaper,
    founded by the propagandists in
    their fight for reforms to air their
    grievances against the colony

    GOMBURZA – Mariano Gomez


    Jose Burgos
    Jacinto Zamora
    REVOLUTION OF 1896
    June 26, 1892 – Jose Rizal came back to
    the Philippines and established the
    civic society,
    LA LIGA FILIPINA which aims for
    national unity, mutual aid, common
    defense, encouragement of
    education, agriculture and
    commerce, study and application of
    reforms.
    “
    KKK – Kataastaasan
    Kagalang-galang na
    Katipunan ng mga
    Anak ng Bayan.
    (July 7, 1892 in Tondo, Maynila)

    9
    August 23, 1896 – “Cry of Pugad Lawin”
    (Balintawak)
    ⬗ They tore down their cedulas in
    opposition to the Spanish
    government
    ⬗ They shouted “Mabuhay ang
    Katipunan, Mabuhay ang Kalayaan
    (Long Live Katipunan, Love Live
    Philippine Independence!)

    10
    TWO FACTIONS OF KATIPUNAN
    ⬗ Magdiwang – led by Mariano Alvarez
    ⬗ Magdalo – led by Baldomero Aguinaldo

    ELECTION (THE TEJEROS CONVENTION)


    ⬗ March 22, 1897 – A revolutionary assembly was held
    at Barrio Tejeros, San Francisco, Malabon (General
    Trias, Cavite, Province)

    11
    Composition of the Revolutionary Government
    President: Emilio Aguinaldo
    Vice President: Mariano Trias Aguinaldo was the first and
    youngest President of the
    Captain General: Artemio Ricarte
    Philippines.
    Director of War: Emiliano Reigo de Dios
    Director of Interior: Pascual Alvarez THE AGREEMENT AT
    Director of State: Jacinto Lumbreras BIAK NA BATO
    Director of Finance: Baldomero Aguinaldo (December 13-14, 1897)
    Director of Commerce: Mariano Alvarez
    Director of Justice: Severino de las Alas

    12
    On JUNE 12, 1898 – Aguinaldo declared the
    independence of the Philippines in Kawit, Cavite,
    establishing the First Philippine Republic

    13
    THE MALOLOS CONGRESS
    (“the crystallization of
    democracy”)
    - opened in Malolos, Bulacan
    Province on September 15,
    1898 to draw up a
    constitution for the First
    Philippine Republic
    - **The Malolos
    Constitution was the first
    important Filipino
    document ever produced
    by the people’s
    14
    representative.
    THE MALOLOS CONGRESS
    (“the crystallization of
    democracy”)
    - A Filipino state whose
    government was
    “popular,
    representative and
    responsible” with
    three distinct
    branches – executive,
    legislative and
    judicial.
    15
    republic of the
    Philippines

    16
    INAUGURATION OF THE FIRST
    PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC
    - January 23, 1899 – the First
    Philippine Republic known
    as the Malolos Republic
    was inaugurated Barasoain
    Church, Malolos, Bulacan
    Province
    - “to live under the
    democratic regime of the
    Philippine Republic, free
    from the yoke of any
    foreign domination.”
    17
    STRAINED RELATIONS
    ⬗ August 13, 1898 – Mock Battle of Manila,
    the US captured the city from the
    Spanish
    ⬗ Treaty of Paris - was a treaty signed by 
    Spain and the United States, that ended
    the Spanish–American War
    (US$20,000,000.00)

    18
    American Government (1901-1935)
    Philippine Organic Act –
    a constitution for the Insular
    Government, so called because
    of Philippine civil
    administration was under the
    authority of the U.S Bureau of
    Insular Affairs.

    19
    COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT
    A political community founded for the
    common good. It is founded on law and
    united by compact or tact agreement of
    the people.

    In 1934, Tydings-Mcduffie Law or the


    Philippine Independence Act, which set a
    ten-year transition period to be known as
    the Commonwealth of the Philippines,
    followed by the recognition of the
    independence of the Philippines by the
    United States.
    20
    COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT

    1935 Constitution – it was framed and approved by


    Franklin D. Roosevelt in March 1935.

    Manuel L. Quezon - the elected president of the


    Commonwealth who featured a very strong
    executive, a unicameral National Assembly, and
    a Supreme Court composed entirely of Filipinos
    for the first time since 1901.

    21
    WORLD WAR II and JAPANESE OCCUPATION
    December 8, 1941 – Japan launched a
    surprise attack on the Clark Air Base
    in Pampanga just ten hours after the
    attack on Pearl Harbor
    The PH and U.S troops are under the
    command of General Douglas
    MacArthur.
    President Quezon and Osmena had
    accompanied the troops to Corregidor
    and later left for the US where they
    set up a government in exile.
    Jose P. Laurel – Puppet Government
    22
    INDEPENDENT PHILIPPINES AND
    THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1946-1975)
    Manuel Roxas (1946-1948)
    -first president of the independent
    Republic of the Philippines (Bell Trade Act)
    Elpidio Quirino (1948-1953)
    -second president of the RPH
    Ramon Magsaysay (1953-1957)
    - “Guerilla Forces of Western Luzon
    after the fall of Bataan and Corregidor”

    21
    INDEPENDENT PHILIPPINES AND
    THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1946-1975)
    Carlos P. Garcia (1957-1961)
    -Filipino First Policy
    Diosdado Macapagal
    -Agrarian Reform
    - “the poor boy from Lubao”
    -The Incorruptible
    - Agricultural Land Reform
    FOURTH REPUBLIC
    Ferdinand Marcos (1965-1986)
    - the longest period of presidency (21 years)
    - Martial Law (PP1)
    - THIS COUNTRY WILL BE GREAT
    AGAIN.

    Corazon Aquino y Cojuangco (1986-1992)


    - first female president/ Mother of Ph. Democracy
    - EDSA Revolution
    - the image of the Yellow Revolution (freedom)

    25
    FIFTH REPUBLIC
    Fidel Ramos (1992-1998)
    - Special Forces of the Philippine Army
    - Economic Tiger of Asia

    Joseph Ejercito Estrada (1998-2001)


    - ERAP, Para sa Mahirap
    - People Power 2
    - all out war
    26
    FIFTH REPUBLIC
    Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001-2010)
    - 2nd female President / daughter of Diosdado
    Macapagal
    Benigno Simeon Aquino (2010-2016)
    - Kto12 Implementation
    - 4P’s, - Tuwid na daan

    Rodrigo Roa Duterte (2016-present)


    - War on Drugs
    - Federalism

    27
    PRESIDENTS OF THE
    28
    PHILIPPINES

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