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Zig Bee

Zigbee is an open standard for low-power wireless mesh networks. It uses small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard. Key features of Zigbee include low power consumption, low data rates, reliable data transfer, easy deployment, mesh networking, and operating in the industrial, scientific and medical radio bands. Zigbee devices can self-form a secure network and are scalable to thousands of devices. Common applications of Zigbee include smart energy, building automation, and home automation.

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peeyushkp
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90 views

Zig Bee

Zigbee is an open standard for low-power wireless mesh networks. It uses small, low-power digital radios based on the IEEE 802.15.4-2006 standard. Key features of Zigbee include low power consumption, low data rates, reliable data transfer, easy deployment, mesh networking, and operating in the industrial, scientific and medical radio bands. Zigbee devices can self-form a secure network and are scalable to thousands of devices. Common applications of Zigbee include smart energy, building automation, and home automation.

Uploaded by

peeyushkp
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ZIGBEE / 802.15.

4
SOLUTIONS

Peeyush.K.P.
ASE Ettimadai
What is ZigBee ?

Open Standard of Protocols - Mesh Networking

Key Features
 Low Power
 Low Data Rate
 Reliable
 Easy Deployment
 Mesh (Self-Forming & Self-Healing)
 Operates in unlicensed ISM Band
A Wide World of Wireless
ZigBee Protocol Stack
Network Layer
Establishes PAN
•64 bit Extended PANID
Device Addressing
•16 bit Network Address
•Chosen Randomly & Uniquely
•May Change
•DHCP for IP Address
64 bit IEEE Address
•Globally Unique
Application Layer
Clusters
16 bit Cluster ID
Specific Functions (ON/Off/toggle)

Endpoints
Nos. - 1-240
0 - ZDO (ZigBee Device Object)
255 - Broadcast
241-254 Further Use
Light, Switch, etc.
Network Topologies
Traditional Wired Network Topologies
ZigBee Mesh Topologies

ZigBee Node Types


Point To Multi point
Cluster tree
mesh
What is Mesh Network ?
Dynamic Reliable routing
 Self Forming
 Self Healing
 Data Hops

Good for Wired Infrastructure


 Wired - Not Dynamic
 Hard to Add and Remove Deployments
 Full Mesh is Expensive
Xbee
ZIGBEE NETWORK TOPOLOGY
What is an XBee Module ?
Xbee
FEATURES
 Indoor/Urban: up to 300’ (100 m)
 Outdoor line-of-sight: up to 1 mile (1500 m)
 Transmit Power: 100 mW (20 dBm)
 Receiver Sensitivity: -100 dBm RF
 2.4Ghz ISM Band
 Data Rate: 250,000 bps
 65,000 unique network addresses available
 No configuration - for out-of box RF comn.
 Free X-CTU Software (Testing and config.)
 AT Command Mode - config. of module param.
 Low cost
Additional Features

• UART Data Input (3.3V)


• 4 ADC’s
• 10 bit resolution
• 1Khz max Sample rate
• No DAC’s
• O/P – UART
• 8 + 1 DIO lines
• PWM (RSSI) O/P
• Supply Voltage Monitoring
PIN CONFIGURATION Xbee
XBee Vs XBee Pro
XBee Vs XBee Pro
Xbee

DATAFLOW DIAGRAM
Xbee

DATA PACKET FORMAT


Xbee

INTERNAL DATAFLOW DIAGRAM


MODES OF OPERATION Xbee

Transmit
Mode

Sleep Ideal Receive


Mode Mode Mode

Command
Mode
Xbee Sleep Modes

 Cyclic Sleep Mode


 Pin Wake up Sleep Mode
Xbee
TRANSMIT MODE
Xbee
TRANSMISSION & RECEPTION
Xbee
STARTING A PAN

ENERGY SCAN
Xbee

PAN SCAN
Xbee
JOINING A PAN
Xbee
ADDRESSING MODES

DEVICE ADDRESSING
 64 Bit addressing
 NI Addressing
 Broadcast Addressing
 Coordinator Addressing

APPLICATION LAYER ADDRESSING


Xbee

IMPLEMENTATION

C R

F/W = C F/W = R
D = B/C D=C
PAN ID - same

X-CTU
AT / API Mode

AT API
Advantages Advantages
• Simple • Quick Commands
• Transparent • OTA config
• RS232
Disadvantages
Disadvantages • Complex
• Slow • Not Transparent
• Not Optimized for ES
X-CTU Xbee
Xbee
AT Firmware
At Command Mode

 GT + ‘+++’ + GT

 ATWR
 ATCN
API Firmware

 Transmit & Receive Frames


 Status Frames
API Construction
AT Command

Command Response
Command Response
API Frames Types
What is “Drop-in Networking” ?

Complete End To End Wireless – To Electronic Devices


Wireline – Not Possible
Primarlily wireless

Low cost (no new cabling)


Non-Intrusive
Secure
Reliable
East To Deploy
Embedded Wireless Markets
Industrial
• Automotive/Transportation
• Manufacturing Device Networking
• Remote Data Collection
Medical
• Patient Monitoring Commercial
• Medical Device Networking • Point-of-sale
• Data Display Terminal
• Time & Attendence
Utilities
• Building Access & Control
• Remote Data Collection
• Commn. With Mesh N/Ws
Benefits of Wireless Modules

 Long-term availability of product


 No Radio Certification required
 Very Simple and Cost – Effective H/W Integration
 Simplifies overall System Design
 Pre-configured Networking and Security
 Module may provide P&P, No Programming
 Software Tools available
 Relatively Higher Cost
• Outweighed by Development Cost Savings
ZigBee Limitations

 Routers - Powered - Cannot Sleep


 N/w changes - lot of Route Disc. Packets
 Heavy Traffic – Collision – Pot. Message Loss
 Coardinator - Start N/W
Smart Energy

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