Color Blindness

COLOR BLINDNESS
Sakar Thapa
“THE LACK OF SOMETHING
MEANS AN EMPTY SPACE FOR
SOMETHING NEW AND UNIQUE”
AGENDA
What is color blindness?
How is it inherited ?
Genetic of color blindness
Type of color blindness
Diagnosis
Should I pursue a career as a designer or not?
3
WHAT IS COLOR
BLINDNESS?
Simply, color blindness is when you are not capable to

distinguish the difference between certain colors
4
WHAT DO YOU SEE IF YOU
ARE COLOR BLIND?
If you are color blind, you will have trouble seeing

some color pigments or distinguishing between them.
With complete color blindness you will only see
everything—green light, red light, and blue light—in
shades of gray. But mild color blindness, which is the
more common form of color blindness, might not be so
readily apparent.
Color blindness can affect the brightness of colors. It

might only affect you in dim settings, or it may affect you
in all levels of light.
5
HOW IS IT INHERITED?
• It is usually inherited and is due to mutations on the

X chromosome
• Inherited color blindness can develop anywhere from
birth to adulthood
• Though it’s most commonly inherited due to mutation
on the X chromosome there are other mutations and
diseases that can cause color blindness
GENETIC OF COLOR BLINDNESS
• Color blindness is a recessive gene.

• This means a male would only need to inherit one
mutated X chromosome to show the disease while a
female would need to inherit two mutated X
chromosomes to present with color blindness.
• Because males only have one X chromosome they are
significantly more susceptible to inheriting color
blindness.
X AND Y: OUR SEX CHROMOSOMES
• Our 23rd pair of chromosomes are our “sex

chromosomes”, because they determine which
sex we are.
• Females have two X chromosomes.
• Males have one X chromosome and one Y
chromosome.
GENOTYPES OF PARENTS
• A color blind boy could be the

result of a color blind dad and a
carrier or effected mom
• In order for a female to inherit
color blindness she would need to
have a color blind father and a
mother who is either a carrier or is
also color blind.
PASSING ON THE DISEASE
• A color blind man with an unaffected woman

would result in heterozygous carrier daughters.
• The sons of these parents would not inherit
colorblindness because they would receive their
father’s healthy Y chromosome, not his mutated X
chromosome.
• A colorblind male and a carrier woman has 50
percent chance of passing color blindness on to
each of her male children.
TYPE OF COLOR BLINDNESS
Complete color Red green color Blue-yellow color

blindness blindness blindness
Achromatopsia is complete Those with protanopia, Those with tritanopia and

inability to see color. A person deuteranopia, protanomaly and tritanomaly have trouble with
with complete color blindness deuteranomaly or red-green color blues and yellows.
cannot perceive colors even blindness have trouble
though their eyes can distinguish distinguishing red from green.
them This type is sex-linked and the
most common
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DEGREES OF COLOR BLINDNESS
There are three types of inherited or congenital color
blindness: monochromacy, dichromacy and anomalous.
Monochromacy—also referred to as monochromatism—can be
observed in different forms and even worse, many different
names are in use:
• rod monochromacy: typical or complete achromatopsia,
total color blindness, day blindness
• cone monochromacy: complete achromatopsia with
normal visual acuity
Dichromacy is hereditary and moderately severe. This occurs
when one of the cone pigments is missing. This inherited have
three main types
• Protanopia (red appears dark),
• deuteranopia (green receptors missing) and
• tritanopia (complete absence of blue photo receptors)
Anomalous trichromacy is inherited and occurs when one cone

pigment is missing. This results in impaired three-dimensional
color vision)
• Protanomaly (reduce sensitivity to red light),
• Deuteranomaly (reduce sensitivity to green light) and
• Tritanomaly (reduce sensitivity to blue light)
12
DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLOR
BLINDNESS
Different types of color blindness affect people differently. While some

people can’t see color at all, some people are blind to specific colors like
reds, greens, blues, and more. The extremity of color blindness will also
vary.
13
RED/GREEN COLOR BLINDNESS IS INHERITED, AND AFFECTS MALES MORE THAN
FEMALES. THE REASON FOR THIS IS BECAUSE THE GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS
CONDITION ARE CONTAINED WITHIN THE X CHROMOSOME.
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OVERALL SUMMARY
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DIAGNOSIS
• Diagnosing color blindness is easy and painless
• A series of pictures with colored sports called the Ishihara color test is used to
diagnose red-green color blindness.
16
TREATMENT
• There is no cure to correct the vision of someone who is color blind.
• However, contact lenses and filters that help people distinguish different
colors more easily have been invented
• The National Eye Institute is researching new ways to treat colorblindness and
is ultimately trying to find a cure for it.
17
EVERYDAY LIFE
• People who are colorblind have to alter the way they understand things in order
to go about their daily routines.
• Another example is driving. Colorblind people can drive, but they can’t rely on
“green = go, yellow = slow down, or red = stop.” Instead, they have to know
the position of the lights/colors .
18
LIMITATIONS
• Being colorblind doesn’t necessarily affect a person’s quality of life, but there
are limitations in some cases
• There are certain careers people who are colorblind can not participate in.
• Choosing or buying clothes with complimentary colors can be quite
challenging. We won’t discuss the day I wore a red shirt with orange pant
• Pilots are an example of a career people who are colorblind may not do.
19
SHOULD I PURSUE A CAREER IN
UI DESIGN ?
Yes, but it might be hard sometimes when figuring out the

colors between red and green. Good design does not only rely
on color to indicate different elements. To design a good user
experience, you'd need to do proper user research, design and
conduct usability tests, set requirement, communicate with
staff, developers and management etc etc. And thanks to the
Quora.com where I have found a lots of designers sharing
their POV

“WHEN LIFE GIVES YOU
LEMONS, YOU GOTTA
MAKE SOME LEMONADE”

THANK
YOU
Color blindness 23

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Color Blindness

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COLOR BLINDNESS

What is color blindness?

Genetic of color blindness

Type of color blindness

Should I pursue a career as a designer or not?

Simply, color blindness is when you are not capable to

If you are color blind, you will have trouble seeing

Color blindness can affect the brightness of colors. It

• It is usually inherited and is due to mutations on the

• Color blindness is a recessive gene.

• Our 23rd pair of chromosomes are our “sex

• A color blind boy could be the

• A color blind man with an unaffected woman

Complete color Red green color Blue-yellow color

Achromatopsia is complete Those with protanopia, Those with tritanopia and

20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 11

Anomalous trichromacy is inherited and occurs when one cone

Different types of color blindness affect people differently. While some

20XX Color blindness 14

20XX Color blindness 15

Yes, but it might be hard sometimes when figuring out the

20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 20

20XX PRESENTATION TITLE 22

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