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    Apply Basal Fertilizer

    Uploaded by

    Cristine S. Dayao
    - Basal fertilizer refers to the minimum amount of nutrients needed to sustain normal plant health. It is important to consider factors like soil type, nutrient requirements of crops, application timing and method. - Fertilizers are applied using different methods to make nutrients more available to plants, reduce losses, and ease application. The appropriate method depends on the fertilizer, soil type, and crop. - Major nutrients provided by fertilizers include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, which enhance plant growth and development. Organic fertilizers like manure and compost improve soil health while inorganic fertilizers are readily available to plants.

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    Apply Basal Fertilizer

    Uploaded by

    Cristine S. Dayao
    978 views20 pages
    - Basal fertilizer refers to the minimum amount of nutrients needed to sustain normal plant health. It is important to consider factors like soil type, nutrient requirements of crops, application timing and method. - Fertilizers are applied using different methods to make nutrients more available to plants, reduce losses, and ease application. The appropriate method depends on the fertilizer, soil type, and crop. - Major nutrients provided by fertilizers include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, which enhance plant growth and development. Organic fertilizers like manure and compost improve soil health while inorganic fertilizers are readily available to plants.

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    - Basal fertilizer refers to the minimum amount of nutrients needed to sustain normal plant health. It is important to consider factors like soil type, nutrient requirements of crops, application timing and method. - Fertilizers are applied using different methods to make nutrients more available to plants, reduce losses, and ease application. The appropriate method depends on the fertilizer, soil type, and crop. - Major nutrients provided by fertilizers include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, which enhance plant growth and development. Organic fertilizers like manure and compost improve soil health while inorganic fertilizers are readily available to plants.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    978 views20 pages

    Apply Basal Fertilizer

    Uploaded by

    Cristine S. Dayao
    - Basal fertilizer refers to the minimum amount of nutrients needed to sustain normal plant health. It is important to consider factors like soil type, nutrient requirements of crops, application timing and method. - Fertilizers are applied using different methods to make nutrients more available to plants, reduce losses, and ease application. The appropriate method depends on the fertilizer, soil type, and crop. - Major nutrients provided by fertilizers include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, which enhance plant growth and development. Organic fertilizers like manure and compost improve soil health while inorganic fertilizers are readily available to plants.

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    Apply Basal Fertilizer

    INTRODUCTION

    Fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is


    applied to soils or plant tissues to supply one or more plant
    nutrients essential to the growth of plants. Conservative
    estimates report 30 to 50% of crop yields are attributed to
    natural or synthetic commercial fertilizer.

    Basal in terms of fertilizer can only refer to the amount of


    nutrients needed in the soil to sustain normal plant health.
    In order to get maximum benefit from manures
    and fertilizers, they should not only be applied
    in proper time and in right manner but any
    other aspects should also be given careful
    consideration. Different soils react differently
    with fertilizer application. Similarly, the N, P, K
    requirements of different crops are different
    and even for a single crop nutrient
    requirements are not the same at different
    stages of growth.
    The aspects that require consideration in fertilizer application are listed below.

    - Availability of nutrients in manure and fertilizer


    - Nutrient requirements of crops at different stages of crop growth
    - Time of application
    - Methods of application, placement of fertilizers
    - Foliar application
    - Crop response to fertilizers application and interaction of N, P, K
    - Residual effect of manures and fertilizers
    - Crop response to different nutrient carrier
    - Unit cost of nutrients and economics in manuring
    Fertilizers are applied by different methods mainly
    for 3 purposes:

    1. To make the nutrients easily available to crops


    2. To reduce fertilizer losses, and
    3. For ease of application
    The time and method of fertilizer application vary in
    relation to

    1. The nature of fertilizer


    2. Soil type
    3. The differences in nutrient requirement and nature
    of field crops.
    Mechanism

    Fertilizers enhance the growth of plants. This


    goal is met in two ways, the traditional one
    being additives that provide nutrients. The
    second mode by which some fertilizers act is to
    enhance the effectiveness of the soil by
    modifying its water retention and aeration.
    Fertilizers typically provide, in varying proportions:

    - three main macronutrients: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P),


    Potassium (K)
    - Three secondary macronutrients: Calcium (Ca),
    Magnesium (Mg), Sulfur (S)
    - Micronutrients: copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn),
    molybdenum (Mo)
    Zinc (Zn), Boron (B), and occational significance there are
    silicon (Si), Cobalt (Co) and vanadium (V) plus rare mineral
    catalyst.
    Nitrogen

    Fertilizing effect: ammonium nitrate provides plants with required amount


    of nitrogen, which is especially important during the period of intensive
    growth. Fertilization not only ensures effective growth and ripening, faster
    root development, rapid nutrient absorption, but also prevents leave
    yellowing. Nitrogen stimulates and regulates many vital plant growth
    processes. Plants fertilized with ammonium nitrate consume less water,
    contain more proteins and sugar, have longer vegetation period.

    Nitrogen at higher levels causes a loss of certain plant species, depletion of


    soil nutrients, death of fish and aquatic organisms, and contamination of
    drinking water.
    Phosphorus
    • Root Growth - An important nutrient to encourage root
    growth on any plants. Roots are the foundation of the plant,
    and having a healthy, web-like root system is crucial to
    ensuring a healthy plant. 
    • Flowers and Seeds - Improves flower formation and seed
    production. Paying attention to flower formation is crucial for
    any landscaper or homeowner installing a landscape. But, it's
    also important for growers, because flower formation is the
    leading indicator to a healthy fruit set. 
    • Improves Plant Resilience - Phosphorus improves plant
    resilience against disease and helps strengthen the plant for
    winter. 
    Potassium is the third key nutrient of
    commercial fertilizers. It helps strengthen
    plants' abilities to resist disease and plays an
    important role in increasing crop yields and
    overall quality. Potassium also protects the
    plant when the weather is cold or dry,
    strengthening its root system and preventing
    wilt.
    The nutrients required for healthy plant life are classified
    according to the elements, but the elements are not used
    as fertilizers. Instead, compounds containing these
    elements are the basis of fertilizers.
    Plants are made up of four main elements: hydrogen,
    oxygen, carbon and nitrogen. Carbon, hydrogen, and
    oxygen are widely available as water and carbon dioxide.
    Although nitrogen makes up most of the atmosphere, it is
    in the form that is unavailable to plants. Nitrogen is very
    important fertilizer since nitrogen is present in proteins
    and other components
    Types of Fertilizers - Organic
    Generally the term “organic fertilizer” is used to refer to fertilizer that
    has gone through minimal processing, where nutrients are still found in
    their natural forms. This includes manure and compost, which you can
    prepare yourself, along with items which can be purchased. Inorganic
    fertilizers generally refer to fertilizers that are synthetic or artificial,
    and generally are manufactured from petroleum products (yes, fertilizer
    that is made from crude oil).

    In the last 60 to 70 years, a phenomenon has happened in farming in the


    USA. Farmers started using Inorganic Fertilizer instead of 
    Organic Fertilizer. From that point we have seen a gradual worsening of
    soils, resulting in increased insect, disease and weed problems.
    Inorganic Fertilizers are “water soluble”. They are
    minerals in concentrated form that are readily available
    to the plant. Unlike most organic fertilizers, they don’t
    need the help of the soil to break them down so the plant
    can utilize them. They only need the soil to hold them
    until the plant takes them in. Water soluble inorganic
    fertilizers do nothing to contribute to the health of the
    soil. So over time, soils become run down and diseased,
    and become ever more limited in the types of crops they
    will grow.
    • What is Manure?
    • Manure is the decomposed form of dead plants and
    animals, which is applied to the soil to increase production.
    It is a natural form of fertilizer and is cost-effective. The
    human and animal excreta is also used as manure. The
    livestock manure is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and
    potassium.
    • Manure is highly rich in organic matter and humus and
    thus improves the soil fertility. These are better in the long
    run and does not cause any pollution. It is a valuable and
    renewable resource.
    Animal manures are the solid, semisolid, and
    liquid by-products generated by animals grown
    to produce meat, milk, eggs, and other
    agricultural products for human use and
    consumption. They are mixtures of animal
    feces, urine, bedding materials (e.g., straw, 
    sawdust, rice hulls), and other materials
    associated with animal production, such as
    waste feed, soil, wash waters, and any chemical
    or physical amendments used during 
    manure handling and storage.
    Human waste (or human excreta) refers to
    the waste products of the 
    human digestive system, menses, and human 
    metabolism including urine and faeces. As
    part of a sanitation system that is in place,
    human waste is collected, transported, treated
    and disposed of
    compost, crumbly mass of rotted organic matter
    made from decomposed plant material, used in 
    gardening and agriculture. Compost is especially
    important in organic farming, where the use of 
    synthetic fertilizers is not permitted. Compost
    improves soil structure, provides a wide range of
    nutrients for plants, and adds beneficial microbes to
    the soil. The maximum benefits of compost on soil
    structure (better aggregation, pore spacing, and
    water storage) and on crop yield usually occur after
    several years of use.
    PRECAUTIONS FOR MANURE

    • The decomposition of manure that occurs in manure pits generates


    methane, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and ammonia gases.
    These gases can produce oxygen-deficient, toxic and/or explosive
    atmospheres.
    • A person might enter a manure pit one time without apparent
    problems, but the next time could die. The most serious problems with
    gases occur when manure is agitated or when ventilation systems fail.
    However, gases are constantly being produced and there is never a
    “safe” time to enter a pit.
    AGAWID
    TAYON!

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