Basic Concepts of Computer Networks and Communications Network Topology

Basic Concepts of Computer
Networks and Communications

Network Topology
Presented by-
Hassan Jan Habib
Company st
 BS (1 Semester)
LOGO
Presentation Contents
 Definition of Computer Networks

 Different Network Methods
 LAN
 Network Topologies
 Summary
Computer Networks
Definition:
 Computer networking is the engineering decipline
concerned with the communication between computer
systems or devices.
 A computer network is any set of computers or devices
connected to each other with the ability to exchange
data.
Different Network Methods
Different Network Methods are:

 Local area network (LAN),
 Campus area network(CAN)
 Metropolitan area network (MAN)
 Wide area network (WAN)
 Wireless LANs and WANs
Computer
Networks
Local Campus Metropolitan Wide

Area Network Area Network Area Network Area Network
(LAN) (CAN) (MAN) (WAN)
Local Area Network (LAN)
Local Area Network(LAN),

 which is usually a small network
constrained to a small geographic area. An
example of a LAN would be a computer
network within a building.
DEFINITION
What is a Topology ?
The physical topology of a network

refers to the configuration of cables,
computers and other peripherals.
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Three commonly used network topologies

are:-
Bus Topology
Ring Topology
Star Topology
BUS TOPOLOGY
All computers and devices

connected to central cable or bus.
Consists of a main run of cable

with a terminator at each end.
Popular on LANs because they

are inexpensive and easy to
install.
BUS TOPOLOGY
RING TOPOLOGY
Cable forms closed ring or loop,

with all computers and devices
arranged along ring.
Data travels from device to

device around entire ring, in
one direction.
Primarily is used for LANs,

but also is used in WANs.
RING TOPOLOGY
STAR TOPOLOGY
All devices connect to a

central device, called
hub.
All data transferred

from one computer to
another passes through
hub.
STAR TOPOLOGY
STAR TOPOLOGY
MESH TOPOLOGY
 In the mesh topology each computer are connected with each other by
separate cable. Create point to point connection to every device on network.
If one cable fail data always has alternative path to get to its destination.
 On a large scale, you can connect multiple LANs using mesh topology with
leased line.
 This type topology generally use in military area.
DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE
TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY
WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND

DISADVANTAGES OF THE THREE
OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?
SUMMARY
BUS TOPOLOGY
DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

• All computers • Easy to connect a
• Entire network shuts
and devices computer or
connected to peripheral to a linear down if
central cable bus. there is a break in the
main cable.
• Requires less cable • Terminators are
length than required at both
a star topology. ends of the backbone
cable.
• Difficult to identify
• In expensive
the problem
topology. if the entire network
shuts down.
SUMMARY
RING TOPOLOGY
ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
DEFINITION
• Data is quickly
• Cable forms
transferred without • Data packets must
closed ring or
a ‘bottle neck’. pass through every
loop, with all
computers and • The transmission of computer
devices between the sender and
data is relatively
arranged along recipient therefore, this
simple as packets
ring. travel in one direction • If makes
any of theit slower.
nodes fail
only. then the ring is broken
and data cannot be
transmitted
• Itsuccessfully.
is difficult to
troubleshoot
the ring.
SUMMARY
STAR TOPOLOGY

• Requires more cable
• All devices • Easy to install and length
connect to a wire. than a linear topology.
central • Security can be If the hub or
device, called
implemented concentrator fails,
hub.
in the hub/switch. nodes attached are
• Easy to detect faults disabled.
and to More expensive than
remove parts linear bus topologies
because of the cost of
the concentrators.
SUMMARY
MESH TOPOLOGY

• In the mesh • 1.Provide redundant Require more cable
topology each path between device.. then other topology .
computer
1.Provide are
redundant path between device.
connected with
The network can be Complicated
each other by
expanded without implementations.
separate
disruption to current
cable..
user..

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Basic Concepts of Computer

Networks and Communications

 Definition of Computer Networks

Different Network Methods are:

Local Campus Metropolitan Wide

Local Area Network(LAN),

The physical topology of a network

Three commonly used network topologies

All computers and devices

Consists of a main run of cable

Popular on LANs because they

Cable forms closed ring or loop,

Data travels from device to

Primarily is used for LANs,

All devices connect to a

All data transferred

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND

DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

DEFINITION ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE

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