Computer Science & Engineering: Apex Institute of Technology

APEX INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
COMPUTER SCIENCE &

ENGINEERING
Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science)
Machine Learning
CSF-286
Resham Arya(E10994)
Unit 1 : Machine Learning DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

Outline
• Machine Learning
- Learning Process
- ML Applications
• Types of ML Algorithm
- Supervised
- Unsupervised
- Reinforcement
• Hypothesis Space and Inductive Bias
Course Objectives
S. No. Objectives
1 Understand the concept of learning in computer

and science.
2 Compare and contrast different paradigms for
learning (supervised, unsupervised, etc.)
3 Design experiments to evaluate and compare

different machine learning techniques on real-world
problems.
Course Outcomes
S. No. Outcomes
CO1 Understand the various key paradigms of Machine
Learning
CO2 Familiar with the mathematical and statistical
techniques used in Machine Learning
CO3 Implement a wide variety of learning algorithms
including well-studied methods for classification,
regression and clustering.
CO4 Analyze methods to evaluate learning models
generated from data.
CO5 Ability to evaluate machine learning models for
solving practical problems.
Machine Learning and it’s History
• In 1959, Arthur Samuel, a pioneer in the field of Artificial intelligence and Computer gaming coined the
term “Machine Learning (ML)”.
• He defined ML as – “Field of study that gives computers the capability to learn without being explicitly
programmed”.
• When ML works: In the real world, we are surrounded by humans who can learn everything from their
experiences with their learning capability, and we have computers or machines which work on our
instructions. But can a machine also learn from experiences or past data like a human does? So here comes
the role of Machine Learning.
Machine Learning
• Machine learning (ML) is the study of computer algorithms that can improve automatically through
experience and by the use of data. These algorithms build a model based on sample data in order to make
decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so.
• It is a subset of Artificial intelligence, that enables a machine to automatically learn from data, improve
performance from experiences, and predict things without being explicitly programmed.
How ML works?
• A Machine Learning system learns from historical data (training data), builds the prediction
models using some algorithms, and whenever it receives new data, predicts the output for it. The
accuracy of predicted output depends upon the amount of data, as the huge amount of data helps to
build a better model which predicts the output more accurately.
• Machine learning brings computer science and statistics together for creating predictive models.
The more information will be provided, the higher will be the performance.
Machine Learning
The concept of Learning in ML system

• Learning = Improving with experience at some task
• – Improve over task T,
• – With respect to performance measure, P
• – Based on experience, E.
• ** A program is said to learn from experience E with respect to task T and performance measure P, if
it’s performance at tasks in T, as measured by P, improves with experience E.**
The Learning Process
ML Process steps:
1. Data Collection
2. Data Pre-processing and Feature
Engineering
3. Applying Learning Models
4. Error Analysis
5. Final Deployment of Model
Figure 1. Machine Learning Process [1]

ML Applications
• Machine learning is a buzzword for today's

technology, and it is growing very rapidly
day by day.
• We are using machine learning in our daily
life even without knowing it such as
Google Maps, Google Assistant, Alexa, etc.
• Some of the major applications are shown
in the figure.
Figure 2. Machine Learning Applications [2]

ML Applications
1. Image Recognition: Automatic friend tagging suggestion, face recognition.
2. Speech Recognition: Search by Voice- Siri, Google Assistant.
3. Traffic Prediction: Google Maps – Real-Time location
4. Product Recommendations: Netflix, Amazon ( Online Ads )
5. Self-driving cars: driverless” cars, to control and navigate the vehicle by machine. Tesla, the most popular car
manufacturing company is working on a self-driving car.
6. Email Spam and Malware Filtering: Whenever we receive a new email, it is filtered automatically as
important, normal, and spam.
7. Virtual Personal Assistant: Alexa, Siri.
8. Online Fraud Detection: ML is used to detect genuine transactions or fraud transaction.
9. Stock Market trading: Risk Analysis
10. Medical Diagnosis: Cancer detection.
11. Automatic Language Translation: Google's GNMT (Google Neural Machine Translation) provides this
feature.
References
1. https://www.simplilearn.com/tutorials/machine-learning-tutorial/what-is-machine-learning#why_is_machine_l
earning_important
2. https://www.javatpoint.com/applications-of-machine-learning
3. Andreas C. Miller, Sarah Guido, Introduction to Machine Learning with Python, O’REILLY (2001).
THANK
YOU
For Queries,
Write at : resham.e10994@cumail.in

Computer Science & Engineering: Apex Institute of Technology

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Computer Science & Engineering: Apex Institute of Technology

Uploaded by

APEX INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

COMPUTER SCIENCE &

Unit 1 : Machine Learning DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER

1 Understand the concept of learning in computer

3 Design experiments to evaluate and compare

The concept of Learning in ML system

Figure 1. Machine Learning Process [1]

• Machine learning is a buzzword for today's

Figure 2. Machine Learning Applications [2]

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