New TAWS Features: Based On EGPWS Experience

14th Performance & Operations Conference Bangkok, 4-8 April 2005
Presented by:
Edith PABON-ALQUIER
Group managerA320/A330/A334
FMGS Operational Standards
New TAWS features

Based on EGPWS experience
Introduction
EGPWS
Ground
Collision
Avoidance
T2CAS
© AIRBUS 2005 S.A.S. All rights reserved. Confidential and proprietary document.
Module:
GCAM
New TAWS features 2 14th Performance & Operations Conference Bangkok, 4-8 April 2005
Contents
 Introduction
 The Geometric Altitude
 Use of the GPS Primary into TAWS systems
 Navigation Display
 Terrain database
 Conclusion
-
The geometric altitude
What is the geometric altitude?
 A new computation for

altitude
 Based on the GPS altitude
 An answer to the current

limits :
low temperatures,
 QNH/QFE reference,
incorrect altimeter
settings
The geometric altitude uses:
GPS altitude (not used before by the EGPWS)
Radio altitude
TAWS terrain, runway database

Pressure altitude
Static Air Temperature
Final Blended Solution
The final Geometric Altitude, a blend of:
Radio Altitude-Calibrated altitude (approach)
Runway-Calibrated altitude (takeoff, climb)

GPS-Calibrated altitude (all phases of flight)
Barometric-Corrected altitude (below 18000ft)
Advantages
Suppression of nuisance EGPWS warnings:

• RA tracking
• Over-flight
Advantages
 GPS altitude :
independent from low temperatures
Independent from incorrect altimeter settings
GPS altitude provided at any altitude.
 Better EGPWS availability:

Continued operation with one or more failed altitude component.

If GPS altitude fails, reverts to corrected Barometric altitude
alone
Contents
 Introduction
 Conclusion
Use of GPS Primary
Current design
GPS1 GPS2
 Currently, aircraft position from
FMS1
ADIRU 1 Navaids
 Based on ADIRU and GPS

Primary data
FMSCapt
FMS 1
 A map shift may occur
FM position
EGPWS
• ADR data
• IR data
Use of GPS Primary
Current design
GPS1 GPS2
ADIRU 1 Navaids
FMSCapt
FMS 1
29.5R
FM position
Terrain
EGPWS
• ADR data
• IR data
Ahead
Use of GPS Primary
Experience shows a need for an improvement

Use of GPS Primary
Basic design Airbus - Improved design

GPS1
GPS1
ADIRU 1 Navaids
ADIRU 1 Navaids
GPS2
GPS2
FMS Capt
(GPS received
FMS Capt through ADIRU)
FM position
FM position on Stby
New EGPWC or
EGPWC
T2CAS
• ADR data
• ADR data • IR data
• IR data
• GPS data
Use of GPS Primary
 direct GPS lateral position Airbus - Improved design

GPS1
 FMS position as a back-up
ADIRU 1 Navaids
GPS2
 independence between
navigation and surveillance FMS Capt
systems (GPS received
through ADIRU)
 avoid some EGPWS false FM position

or late alerts. on Stby
New EGPWC or
T2CAS
 Dual GPS Primary • ADR data
architecture (MMR) • IR data
• GPS data
Contents
 Introduction
 Conclusion
Navigation Display
Peaks function
 Altitude of highest and
lowest geographic terrain
elevations.
 Display of terrain data,

whatever the aircraft
altitude
 Display of the sea in blue

(MSL = 0 ft)
 Additional terrain density

patterns
Navigation Display
Peaks function
 In emergency descent, help select the safest descent path.
 Improved situational awareness
 Optional. Activated by pin programming
 Requires EGPWC P/N 965-1676-00XX

Navigation Display
Obstacles Function
 Man-made constructions within an obstacle database.
 Same color code

as the terrain on the ND
(represented by squares).
 Audio alerts slightly differ

Indicate origin (terrain or man-made obstacle)
 Optional. Activated by pin programming
Navigation Display
Obstacles
 Audio annunciation
OBSTACLE AHEAD or
CAUTION OBSTACLE
OBSTACLE AHEAD PULL

UP, or OBSTACLE OBST
OBSTACLE PULL UP AHEAD
60
30
 on the ND
Caution: OBST AHEAD
Warning: OBST AHEAD OBSTACLE
AHEAD
Contents
 Introduction
 Conclusion
Terrain Database
 Update the Terrain Database with

latest version
 A PC card (few minutes upload on

aircraft)
 Free update service by Honeywell

and ACSS every 4 or 6 months.
 Contact your TAWS manufacturer for associated service bulletins
 Report any repetitive difficulties on a given airport
Conclusion
Airbus Recommendation
GP
 Highly recommended to use GPS source S
(MMR) with TAWS
See our OIT/FOT 999.0015/04
 Ask for new EGPWC P/N 965-1676-xx

Certified since 2004
 Ask for Geometric Altitude, Peaks, Obstacle options
 T2CAS already includes part of these functions

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14th Performance & Operations Conference Bangkok, 4-8 April 2005

New TAWS features

 The Geometric Altitude

 Use of the GPS Primary into TAWS systems

What is the geometric altitude?

 A new computation for

 Based on the GPS altitude

 An answer to the current

The geometric altitude uses:

GPS altitude (not used before by the EGPWS)

TAWS terrain, runway database

Static Air Temperature

Final Blended Solution

The final Geometric Altitude, a blend of:

Radio Altitude-Calibrated altitude (approach)

Runway-Calibrated altitude (takeoff, climb)

GPS-Calibrated altitude (all phases of flight)

Barometric-Corrected altitude (below 18000ft)

Suppression of nuisance EGPWS warnings:

 Better EGPWS availability:

Continued operation with one or more failed altitude component.

 The Geometric Altitude

 Use of the GPS Primary into TAWS systems

 Based on ADIRU and GPS

Experience shows a need for an improvement

Basic design Airbus - Improved design

 direct GPS lateral position Airbus - Improved design

 avoid some EGPWS false FM position

 The Geometric Altitude

 Use of the GPS Primary into TAWS systems

 Display of terrain data,

 Display of the sea in blue

 Additional terrain density

 In emergency descent, help select the safest descent path.

 Improved situational awareness

 Optional. Activated by pin programming

 Requires EGPWC P/N 965-1676-00XX

 Man-made constructions within an obstacle database.

 Same color code

 Audio alerts slightly differ

 Optional. Activated by pin programming

OBSTACLE AHEAD PULL

 The Geometric Altitude

 Use of the GPS Primary into TAWS systems

 Update the Terrain Database with

 A PC card (few minutes upload on

 Free update service by Honeywell

 Contact your TAWS manufacturer for associated service bulletins

 Report any repetitive difficulties on a given airport

 Ask for new EGPWC P/N 965-1676-xx

 Ask for Geometric Altitude, Peaks, Obstacle options

 T2CAS already includes part of these functions

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