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    Rocks, Minerals and Soil: Third Grade Earth Science

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    Karl Frances Timtim
    Rocks are solid materials made of one or more minerals. There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers, igneous rocks form from cooled lava, and metamorphic rocks are changed by heat and pressure. Rocks can be identified by their texture, color, size, and hardness on Moh's scale. Minerals are natural solid objects that make up rocks and can occur in different shapes and colors within rocks. Soil types include clay, sand, loam, and potting soil, which differ in properties like texture and ability to retain nutrients and water. Fossils are evidence of ancient life, occurring as molds

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    Rocks, Minerals and Soil: Third Grade Earth Science

    Uploaded by

    Karl Frances Timtim
    11 views31 pages
    Rocks are solid materials made of one or more minerals. There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers, igneous rocks form from cooled lava, and metamorphic rocks are changed by heat and pressure. Rocks can be identified by their texture, color, size, and hardness on Moh's scale. Minerals are natural solid objects that make up rocks and can occur in different shapes and colors within rocks. Soil types include clay, sand, loam, and potting soil, which differ in properties like texture and ability to retain nutrients and water. Fossils are evidence of ancient life, occurring as molds

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    Rocks are solid materials made of one or more minerals. There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers, igneous rocks form from cooled lava, and metamorphic rocks are changed by heat and pressure. Rocks can be identified by their texture, color, size, and hardness on Moh's scale. Minerals are natural solid objects that make up rocks and can occur in different shapes and colors within rocks. Soil types include clay, sand, loam, and potting soil, which differ in properties like texture and ability to retain nutrients and water. Fossils are evidence of ancient life, occurring as molds

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    11 views31 pages

    Rocks, Minerals and Soil: Third Grade Earth Science

    Uploaded by

    Karl Frances Timtim
    Rocks are solid materials made of one or more minerals. There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed layers, igneous rocks form from cooled lava, and metamorphic rocks are changed by heat and pressure. Rocks can be identified by their texture, color, size, and hardness on Moh's scale. Minerals are natural solid objects that make up rocks and can occur in different shapes and colors within rocks. Soil types include clay, sand, loam, and potting soil, which differ in properties like texture and ability to retain nutrients and water. Fossils are evidence of ancient life, occurring as molds

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    Rocks, Minerals and

    Soil
    Third Grade
    Earth Science
    What are rocks?
    • Rocks are solid
    materials that
    are made of one
    or more
    minerals.
    3 Types of rocks
    1. Sedimentary
    2. Igneous
    3. Metamorphic
    Metamorphic Rock
    • Metamorphic
    rock is rocks
    that have been
    changed by heat
    and pressure.
    Metamorphic Rocks
    Sedimentary Rock
    • Sedimentary rocks form when
    materials settle into layers and
    harden.
    • Any rock can become
    sedimentary if at the surface.
    Igneous Rock
    • Igneous rock is a rock
    that was once melted
    but has cooled and
    hardened.
    • Hot lava comes out
    from within the earth
    and is an igneous rock
    once cooled.
    4 ways to identify rocks
    1. Texture
    2. Color
    3. Size
    4. Hardness
    EXPERIMENT TIME!!!
    • You are all now junior
    geologist. A geologist is
    someone who studies
    the Earth. We will test
    the hardness of rocks
    using Moh’s scale.
    Moh’s Hardness Scale
    • With your group, test the
    hardness of rocks and give it a
    score of 1 to 10.
    • Soft: scratches with fingernail
    1 or 2
    • Medium/Soft: scratches with a
    penny 3 or 4
    • Medium/Hard: scratches with
    a nail 5 or 6
    • Hard: will not scratch 7 or 8
    Moh’s Scale

    • Working as a group, make a bar


    graph with your group rating your
    rocks from softest to hardest. Be
    sure your graph is labeled and
    colorful.
    Classify rocks
    • As a group, discuss classifications of your rocks. Remember
    the 4 ways to classify rocks.
    1. Color
    2. Size
    3. Texture
    4. Hardness
    What are minerals?
    • Minerals are
    solid natural
    made objects
    that have never
    been alive.
    Minerals can be
    rock-like or
    metals.
    How are rocks and minerals
    different?
    • Rocks are made up of
    minerals. Minerals are
    within all rocks. The
    minerals in rocks are
    what makes rocks look
    different from other
    rocks.
    Rocks and Mineral
    Minerals Rocks
    Usually very pretty Not pretty

    Has a shape No shape

    May contain crystals No crystals

    Will not contain fossils May contain fossils

    Color is mostly the same May have many colors


    Identify the Minerals
    Time to Play a Game…. How many minerals can you find in the
    kitchen? (click on refrigerator)
    Types of Soil
    1. Clay
    2. Sandy soil
    3. Potting soil
    4. Loam
    Clay
    • Clay is smooth when dry
    and sticky when wet.
    Soils high in clay
    content are called
    heavy soils. Clay also
    can hold a lot of
    nutrients, but doesn't
    let air and water
    through it well.
    Sandy Soil
    • When you rub
    sand, it feels
    rough. This is
    because it has
    sharp edges. Sand
    doesn't hold many
    nutrients.
    Loam
    • Loam is a mixture of
    different types of
    soils. Loam soils feel
    smooth and spongy
    when rolled into a
    ball.
    Potting Soil
    • Potting soil is soil
    mixture made for
    use in gardens and
    potted plants.
    Potting soil should
    be loose and light.
    What are fossils?
    • A fossil is a mark
    or the remains
    of something
    that was once
    living.
    4 Types of Fossils
    1. Mold
    2. Cast
    3. Trace
    4. True-form
    Mold Fossil
    • A mold fossil is a
    impression made in a
    substance. It is not
    the actual living
    organism but a
    impression.
    • The picture is a mold
    fossil of a leaf.
    Cast Fossil
    • A cast fossil is
    formed when a
    mold fossil is filled
    in. The fossil can
    be of anything that
    once lived (plants,
    animals, insects).
    Trace Fossil
    • Trace fossils are
    impressions like mold
    fossils but are not the
    actual living organism-
    just evidence of them.
    • Examples: nests,
    burrows, and footprints.
    True-Form Fossils
    • True form fossils are
    the actual once living
    animal or organism.
    • Example: Animal
    bones

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