SDH Presentation

-SDH Basics
-Alcatel SDH Systems
-Alcatel 1662SMC ntroduction
-SDH Link No.17
SDH Basics
What are SDH & PDH ?
Advantages of SDH over PDH.
SDH Data rates.
SDH Multiplexing Structure.
SDH Basic Frame Structure.
SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY
SDH Basics
What are SDH & PDH ?
SDH stands Ior Synchronous Digital Hiararchy.In SDH each and every signal is synchronized exactly to the
single (container) deIined Ior that particular signal ( like C11,C12,etc).The techniques like bit stuIIing and
bit iustiIication are adopted in SDH to achieve the synchronization.
The signal used Ior SDH transmission is known as Synchronous Transport Module (STM).
The various STM rates are illustrated below
STM-1 (155.52 Mbps)
STM-4 (622.08 Mbps)
STM-16 (2488.32 Mbps)
STM-64 (9953.28 Mbps)
STM-256 (39813.12 Mbps)
SDH
MUX
SDH
MUX
SDH
MUX
SDH
MUX
STM-1
STM-1
STM-1
STM-1 STM- 4
STM- 4
STM- 4
STM- 4
STM- 16
STM- 16
STM- 16
STM- 16
STM- 64
STM- 64
STM- 64
STM- 64
STM- 256
PLESIOCHRONOUS DIGITAL
HIERARCHY
Plesio means similar
Chronous means Timing
PIesiochronous ,Imost synchronous",
bec,use the digit,I sign,Is being muItipIexed together ,re not
,t quite the s,me frequency
PDH (PIesiochronous Digit,I Hier,rchy)
SDH Basics
PDH stands for Pleisynchronuous Digital Hiararchy.The PDH contains the signals having similar data
rate signals (like E1.E 2.E3.T1.T2.etc.) but with slight timing differences as shown below.
E1 - 2.048 Mbps [32 x 64 kbps (DS0)]
E2 - 8.448 Mbps [4 x E1]
E3 - 34.368 Mbps [4 x E2]
E4 - 139.264 Mbps [4 x E3]
PDH
MUX
PDH
MUX
PDH
MUX
1(2.047990 Mbps)
1(2.048001 Mbps)
1(2.047992 Mbps)
1(2.048000 Mps)
2(8.447997 Mbps)
(4.67998Mbps)
(4.67990Mbps)
(4.68000Mbps)
(4.67989Mbps)
2(8.447991 Mbps)
2(8.448000 Mbps)
2(8.447989 Mbps) 4(19.264000Mbps)
SDH Basics
Advantages of SDH over PDH
High Transmission Rates:
The highest data rate that can be achieved with PDH technologies is 140 mbps, whereas the transmission
rates up to 10Gbps (STM-64) can be achieved with SDH technology.
Easy Add & Drop Functionality:
Compared to the older PDH system, low bit rate channels can be easily extracted Irom and inserted into the
high-speed bit streams in SDH. It is now no longer necessary to apply the complex and costly procedure oI
demultiplexing then remultiplexing the plesiosynchronous structure.
High Availability and Capacity matching:
With SDH, network providers can react quickly and easily to the requirements oI their customers. For
example, leased lines can be switched in a matter oI minutes. The network provider can use standardized
network elements (NE) that can be controlled and monitored Irom a central location via a
telecommunications management network (TMN) system.
Reliability:
Modern SDH networks include various automatic back-up circuit and repair mechanisms (like Automatic Protection
Switching (APS) and Equipment Protection Switching (EPS) which are designed to cope with system faults and are
monitored by management. As a result. failure of a link or an NE does not lead to failure of the entire network.
Integrated Services:
SDH is the ideal platIorm Ior a wide range oI services including POTS, ISDN,mobile radio, and data
communications (LAN, WAN, etc.). It is also able to handle more recent services such as video on demand
and digital video broadcasting via ATM.
Changing from one hierarchical level to another
requires additional equipment.
For Add/drop of individual channels from the higher
order stream we have to disassemble / reassemble it
Redirection (cross-connection) of channels must be
done by hand on DDFs.
Administrative connections require separate
equipment to support Supervision, and
protection switching.
Compatibility of transmission and administrative
signals between different vendor may give trouble.
0|sadvarlades ol P0l
SDH Basics
SDH Data rates:
STM-0 (51.84 Mbps)
STM-1 (155.52 Mbps)
STM-4 (622.08 Mbps)
STM-16 (2488.32 Mbps)
STM-64 (9953.28 Mbps)
STM-256 (39813.12 Mbps)
Note: The STM-0 is not widely used in the telecom network except for some Microwave
Links.
SDH Basics
SDH Multiplexing Structure:
C11 VC11 TU-11
C12 VC12 TU-12
C2 VC2 TU-2
TUG-2
C3
VC3 AU-3 STM-0
TU-3 VC3
C4
TUG-3
VC4 AU-4 AUG STM-N
%-1(1.544Mbps)
r
A%M(1.6Mbps)
-1(2.048Mbps)
r
A%M(2.144Mbps)
%-2(6.12Mbps)
r
A%M(6.874Mbps)
%-(44.76Mbps)
r
-(4.68Mbps)
r
A%M(48.84Mbps)
-4(19.264Mbps)
r
A%M(149.760Mbps)
x1 xN
x4
x
x1
x7
x
Containers
Virtual Containers (Containers + PH)
%ributary Units/Administrative Units
(Virtual Containers + Pointers)
%ributary Unit Groups/Administrative Unit Groups
(Multiplexed structures of lower signals)
AIignment
Multiplexing
SDH MuItipIexing Structure:
KLM DETAILS
K-TUG 3
L-TUG 2
M-TU 12
First KLM combin,tion is 1 1 1
L,st KLM combin,tion is 3 7 3
W 1 = 2 bytes/frame
W C12 = 4 bytes/frame (1 +2 stuffed bytes)
W VC12 = 5 bytes/frame (C12 + 1 PH byte )
W %U12 = 6 bytes/frame (VC12 +1 pointer byte) M
So, one %U12 occupies 4 columns(6 bytes) in an S%M1 frame
W %UG-2 = X %U12 = 12 columns /frame L
W %UG- = 7 X %UG-2 = 86 columns /frame K
(7 X 12 + 2 stuffed columns are added)
W VC4 = X %UG- = 261 columns /frame
( X %UG- + 2 stuffed columns + 1 PH)
W S%M1 = VC4 + SH = 261+ 9 = 270 columns /frame.
M,pping of 63 E1s into STM1
1.Cont,iner Cn, where C=Cont,iner, n=Index of the cont,iner(n=11,12,2,3,4)
The r,te of the cont,iner depends on the sign,I which is tr,nsported.
2.Virtu,I cont,iner VCn, It is m,de up of Cn ,nd Poh
Vcn = Cn + Poh, where Poh is p,th over he,d
P,thover he,d cont,in P,yIo,d content
3.Tribut,ry unit TUn=VCn+PTR n=11,12,2,3 Iower oder VCn
Where Pointer is ,n ,ddittion,I r,te used to Ioc,te its Vcn with in the TU
4.Tribut,ry unit Group TUG-k=m*TU-n, where k=2,3 n=11,12,2,3
TUG ,the Tug-2/Tug-3 c,n consist of sever,I types of c,p,city p,yIo,ds with
different sizes.
5.Administr,tive Unit (AU), it is m,de up of higher order VCn(n=3,4) ,nd , pointer
AUn=VCn+PTR n=3,4
AUG=1*AU-4 or 3*AU-3
SDH Basics
SDH Basic Frame Structure (STM-1):
Each cell represents a single byte indicating a 64 kbps channel.
RSOH :- Regenerator Section Overhead (27 bytes )
MSOH :- Multiplexer Section Overhead (45 bytes)
Total Section Overhead (SOH) :- RSOH + MSOH
AU-4 Pointer :- 9 bytes
Payload :- 261 x 9 2349 bytes
STM -1 Data rate (270 x 9) bytes
2430 bytes
2430 x 64 kbps
155520 kbps 155.52 Mbps
RSOH
(3 x 9 CeIIs)
PAYLOAD (261 x 9 CeIIs )
AU-4 POINTER
MSOH
(5 x 9 CeIIs)
1
1
9 10
3
4
5
9
270
270 CoIomns
9 Rows
SDH Basics
SDH Basic Frame Structure (STM-1) (Continues..):
Section Overhead (SOH )
X Bytes Reserved Ior national use.
* - Media Dependant Bytes
A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2 10 X X
B1
` `
E1
`
F1
D1
` `
D2
`
D3
AU-4 Pointer
B2 B2 B2 K1 K2
D4 D5 D6
D7 D8 D9
D10 D11 D12
S1 M1 E2 X X
SDH Basics
SDH Basic Frame Structure (STM-1) (Continues..):
Overhead Bytes Functions
Overhead Byte Functions
A1,A2 Fr,me AIignment
B1,B2 Qu,Iity Monitoring , p,rity bytes
D1,D2,D3 Qecc Network M,n,gement
D4,.....,D12 Qecc Network M,n,gement
E1,E2 Voice Connections
F1 M,inten,nce
J0 Tr,ce Identifier
K1,K2 Autom,tic Protection Switching (APS) ControI
S1 CIock Qu,Iity Indic,tor
M1 Tr,nsmission Error AcknowIedgement
AIc,teI SDH Systems
AIc,teI SDH Systems
1662SMC 1642 1660SM
Version 2(R2) Version 1(R1)
Version 5(R5) Version 4(R4)
Supports
Upto STM-4
Supports
Upto STM-16
Supports
Upto STM-16
Supports
Upto STM-64
Supports
Upto STM-1
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Features
Shelf View
Commonly used cards
Technical Specifications
Features:
t complies with the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) deIined in ITU-T
Recommendation G.707.
Compatible with existing plesiochronous systems as well as with the installed SDH networks,
The 1662SMC is transmission equipment operating at 155.520 Mbit/s (STM-1) , 622.080
Mbit/s (STM-4) and 2488.320 Mbit/s(STM-16).
It can be conIigured as a Multiple Line Terminal Multiplexers or as a Add/Drop Multiplexers
or as a Mini local cross-connect Ior applications in linear links, network rings and meshed
networks.
Equipment (EPS) and network (MSP) protection mechanism
Matrix capacity
96*96 stm-1 equivalent matrix(HO)
64*64 stm-1 equivalent matrix(LO)
Network interfaces: Stm-1/4/16
Customer interfaces: 2Mbps,34/45Mbps,140Mbps,ethernet,gigaethernet
AIc,teI 1662 SMC Introduction
PONDICHERRY CUDDALORE CHIDAMBARAM KUMBAKONAM
TANJORE TRICHY
ALCA%L SDH LNK-17 PNDY % %RCHY: S%M 4 LNK
26km 49km 65km
50km 54km
Tot,I Pondy - Trichy : 244 KMS
Fiber Owner : BTSOL
Fiber ,IIotted for vsnI/TtsI : F no 39 - F no 48
Fiber used for SDH : F no 43&44
Link n,me & no : SDH LINK No 17
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Shelf View:
- Total Slots : 20
- Access Area 1: Slot 1-5 ( Hosts Access Cards like A63E1, A4S1, Congi ,etc).
- Access Area 2: Slot 16-20 ( Hosts Access Cards like A63E1, A4S1, Sergi ,etc).
- Port (Basic) Area: Slot 6-15 (Hosts Port Cards like SYNTH, P4S1, P63E1, etc).
ACCESS AREA-1
PORT AREA
ACCESSAREA-2
CARDS USED IN THE ALCATEL SDH LINK-17
1. Congi card : s used to control the whole SDH system. t consists of
power supply & house keeping unit. the congi card is in slot no1
2. Synth4Card: t is the card used to insert the optical signals from the
fms. t consists the ptical module it is named as L- 4.2,L-1.2,S-
1.1.- these are called ptical modules. %here are two synth cards its
inserted in slot no 6&15.
. P4S1N card: P indicates Port ,S1N indicates S%M1. card
4. P61 card : P indicates port, 6 1 indicates lectrical signals.
5. A61-120 : it's a card corresponding to P61 card. A indicates
access area.
6. LSPR%/HSPR%: t is a Low Speed/High speed protection Card. t
is used to implement PS protection (i.e., it implements the
connection between the access and spare card). %hese cards
receive the signal coming from the access card via back panel.
7.SRG CARD: Used as a stand by card for the CNG CARD
8. L- t indicates LNG HAUL it should in corresponding SYN%H CARD.
9. S- t indicates SHR% HAUL .
Note:
1. For All cards corresponding stand by cards are used.
2. nserting a port card we have to insert a corresponding access card in
the particular slot.
. Port area : Corresponding Access area
Slot No-7 : No-2
Slot No-8 : No-
Slot No-9 : No-4
Slot No-10 : No-5
Slot No-11 : No-16
Slot No-12 : No-17
Slot No-1 : No-18
Slot No-14 : No-19
4. Congi card in Slot no- 1
5. Sergi card in Slot no-20
6. Synth card in slot no:6,15
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards:
P63E1 processes 63 2Mbits/s signals whose accesses are on the relevant
Access cards A21E1.A63E1
P4ES1N handles four electrical STM-1 Signals. All four accesses are on the
relevant access card(A4ES1).It is one of the board that can be EPS
protected.
P3E3T3 Port card is a bi-directional interface from/to three PDH streams at
34Mbits/s or at 45Mbits/s Switchable and the STM-4
(1) MuIticoIor LED:
Red Ied . Ioc,I unit ,I,rm
Green Ied . in service unit
Or,nge Ied . unit in st,nd-by (EPS schem,)
ACRNYM SL%S
P61N 7,8,9,10,11,12,1,14
P4S1N 7,8,9,10,11,12,1,14
P% 7,8,9,10,11,12,1,14
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
P4ES1N handles Iour electrical STM-1 signals.All the Iour accesses
are on the Relevant Access card(A4ES1).It can be EPS protected.
P4E4N it describes the same Ieatures oI P4S1N.
Two STM-1 electrical modules(Electricl or optical )can be hosted on the board.
Two Iurther STM-1 modules can be hosted on the Access card A2S1
LGND:
(1) Channel #1 (N.B.)
(2) Channel #2 (N.B.)
() Bicolor LD:
Red led . local unit alarm
Green led . in service unit
ACRNYM SL%S
P4S1N 7,8,9,10,11,12,1,14
P44N 7,8,9,10,11,12,1,14
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
1662SM-C houses two congi card(i.e)congi-A and congi-B
CONGI-A hold the Equip MAC(media access control) address
LGND:
(1) Power
(2) Housekeeping and remote alarm
() Rack lamp (not used in slot 20)
(4) QMD Q2 (not used in slot 20)
(5) / BNC Q 10base2 (not used in slot 20)
(6) RJ45 Q 10base% (not used in slot 20)
(7) Bicolor LD:
Red led . local unit alarm
Green led . in service unit
ACRNYM SL%S
CNG 1, 20
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
Sergi c,rd Provides reduced combin,tion of congi ,nd service c,rd functions
It h,s Power interf,ce,AuxiII,ry interf,ce,I/p o/p cIock interf,ce for NE synchroniz,tion
LEGEND:
(1) Power
(2) AuxiIi,ry ch,nneIs:
2 ch,nneIs G.703
2 ch,nneIs RS232
2 ch,nneIs V.11
(3) Aux ,nd Sync. 2Mbit/s
J1 . 2MHz Input (T3) or 2Mbit/s Input (T6)
J2 . 2Mbit/s Input ch,nneI
J3 . 2MHz output (T4) or 2Mbit/s output (T5)
J4 . 2Mbit/s output ch,nneI
(4) Four wire teIephone extension point (RJ11)
(5) Z1-Z4 EOW zone seIection LED s (N.B.1)
(6) L1-L2 LED s st,tus for seIective ,nd muItipIe c,II (N.B.2)
(7) TeIephone j,ck
(8) Line seizure Key
(9) EOW zone seIection Key
(10) Reset comm,nd Key
(11) BicoIor LED:
Red Ied . Ioc,I unit ,I,rm
Green Ied . in service unit
ACRNYM SL%S
SRG 20
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
SYNTH16 can be EPS 1+1 Protected
Slot no:6 is main card
Slot no:15 is spare card
Synth16 card is equipped with two parts for modules
1`STM-16 signals can be processed by the SYNTH 16 card
Synth 16 card performs several fns like shelf controller.Equip controller.
Performance monitoring collection.remote inventory
Synth 16 cards have a 96`96 stm-1 Matrix capacity.
It is also called as Compact ADM16 Card
LEGEND
(1) Reset comm,nd key
(2) Ch,nneI #1 (N.B.)
(3) L,mp test pushbutton
(4) Person,I Computer Connector (F interf,ce)
(5) Red LED . Urgent AI,rm (Critic,I or M,jor)
(6) Red LED . Not Urgent AI,rm (Minor)
(7) YeIIow LED . AI,rm storing (Attended)
(8) YeIIow LED . Abnorm,I condition
(9) YeIIow LED . Indic,tive AI,rm (W,rning)
(10) Green LED . when on it me,ns ,ctive unit
when off it me,ns st,ndby unit
(11) BicoIor LED:
Red Ied . Ioc,I unit ,I,rm (INT)
Green Ied . in service unit
(12) AI,rm storing pushbutton (Attended)
ACRNYM SL%S
SYN%H16 6,15
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
A61 is the access card for the P61
62Mbit/s Access card(A61)Provides the connections from backpanel
to the external line and vice versa for the 6 PDH signals.
%hree different type of connectors available:
A61/A:75 ohms unbalanced
A61/B:120 ohms balanced
A61/C:75 hms unbalanced with coax( slot wide)
LEGEND
(1) Channel #1-7
(2) Channel #8-14
() Channel #15-21
(4) Channel #22-28
(5) Channel #29-5
(6) Channel #6-42
(7) Channel #4-49
(8) Channel #50-56
(9) Channel #57-6
ACRNYM SL%S
A61B (120hm) 2,,4,5,16,17,18,19
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
A2S1 is the access card for the P4S1N and P4E4N port cards.
A2S1 can host upto 2modules(optical stm-1) in the front panel.
LEGEND
(1) Ch,nneI #3 (N.B.)
(2) Ch,nneI #4 (N.B.)
(3) BicoIor LED:
Red Ied . Ioc,I unit ,I,rm
Green Ied . in service unit
ACRNYM SL%S
A2S1 2,,4,5,16,17,18,19
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
A3E3 Provides 3*34Mbit/s ,ccesses for the P3E3T3
A3T3 Provides 3*45Mbit/s ,ccesses for the P3E3T3
For e,ch P3E3T3 One A3E3,A3T3 is necess,ry
LEGEND
(1) Ch,nneI #1
(2) Ch,nneI #2
(3) Ch,nneI #3
(4) BicoIor LED:
Red Ied . Ioc,I unit ,I,rm
Green Ied . in service unit
ACRNYM SL%S
A 2,,4,5,16,17,18,19
A% 2,,4,5,16,17,18,19
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
A4ES1 Provides 4 STM-1 Accesses for the P4ES1N.
For e,ch P4ES1N one A4ES1 is Necess,ry
LEGENDA
(1) Ch,nneI #1
(2) Ch,nneI #2
(3) Ch,nneI #3
(4) Ch,nneI #4
(5) BicoIor LED:
Red Ied . Ioc,I unit ,I,rm
Green Ied . in service unit
ACRNYM SL%S
A4S1 2,,4,5,16,17,18,19
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
MDUL
ACRNYM
QUPD
N PR%S
S-1.1 P4S1N,P4S1
A%M4X4,A2S1
SYN%H4
L-1.1
L-1.2
S-1.1
S-St,nds for short h,uI
1-st,nds for stm-1
1-st,nds for representing 1310nm
L-1.1
L-St,nds for Long h,uI
1-st,nds for stm-1
1-st,nds for representing 1310nm
ModuIe types:
STM-1 ,nd sTM-4 Optic,I moduIe: SC-PC Type ,nd FC-PC Type ,re ,v,iI,bIe
STM-1 & STM-4 Optic,I moduIes ,re ,v,iI,bIe ,nd it physic,IIy different
140Mbit/s-STM-1 EIectric,I moduIe.
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Commonly Used Cards ( continues..):
LGNDA
(1) Multicolor LD:
Red led . local unit alarm
range led . temperature major than 55 C
Green led . in service unit
(2) Battery A connector
() Battery B connector
(4) Alarms connector for 1662SMC on the Left side of the Rack
(5) Not used
(6) Alarms connector for 1662SMC on the Right side of the Rack (6)
PSC front view
HWF
POWER
+ VBATT (m,Ie)
GND (fem,Ie)
-VBATT (m,Ie)
AIc,teI 1662 SMC Introduction
Technical Specifications:
Safety First-
The optic,I interf,ces which h,ve HAZARD LEVEL 3A (see T,bIe A beIow ) c,rry the foIIowing h,z,rd symboI
I,beI:
C,ution : InvisibIe L,ser R,di,tion m,y be present inside the optic,I interf,ces c,rrying the ,bove I,beI ,hence
NEVER directIy view into the be,m.Doing so m,y resuIt in the perm,nent d,m,ge to the eyesight.
UNIT/PORT OPTICAL INTERFACE HAZARD LEVEL
S%M.1 S.1.1 (short haul) 1
S%M.1 L.1.1 (long haul) A
S%M.1 L.1.2 (long haul) A
S%M.4 S.4.1 (short haul) 1
S%M.4 L.4.1 (long haul) A
S%M.4 L.4.2 (long haul) A
S%M.16 S.16.1 (short haul) A
S%M.16 L.16.1 (long haul) A
S%M.16 L.16.2 (long haul) A
CLASSIFICATION OF ALARMS
SEVERITY ALARMS SYNTHESIS
1.Critic,I AI,rms
2.M,jor AI,rms
3.Minor AI,rms
4.W,rning AI,rms
5.Intermedi,te AI,rms
DOMAIN ALARMS SYNTHESIS
1.Synchroniz,tion AI,rms
2.Extern,I points(House keeping AI,rms)
3.Tr,nsmission AI,rms
4.Equipment AI,rms
MANAGEMENT ALARMS SYNTHESIS
1.Supervision
2.AIignment
3.Loc,I ,ccess
4.Oper,ting system
5.M,n,ged by Nm & RM
6.Abnorm,I condition
Power -48V DC, 6A
MCB R,ting used in the TRU unit is 16A
The m,x current consumed by the Equipment is Iess th,n 4Amps
A/C environment with temper,ture, humidity ,nd dust controI
Fire s,fety by centr,Iized monitoring ,nd ,utom,tic oper,tion of extinguisher
LCT ,ccess through Q interf,ce for NMS ,ccess through the LAN c,rd
TooIs: Power source, power meter, OTDR (Optic,I Time Dom,in RefIectometer)
,nd OSA (Optic,I Spectrum An,Iyzer)
Technical Specifications (Continues.):
Electrical Interface Characteristics-
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
nterface Charaterisitics
P61 Bit rate 2048 Kbit/s 50 ppm
No. of channels 6
Line Code HDB
Signal amplitude 2.7 Vp on 75 hm
unbalance/ Vp on 120
hm balance.
P Bit Rate 468 Kbit/s 20 ppm
No. of tributaries
Line Code HDB
Signal amplitude 1Vp/75ohms
P% Bit rate 44.76 Kbit/s 20ppm
No. of tributaries
Line Code BS
P4S1 Bit rate 155 520 Kbit/s 20 ppm
Line Code CM
P44 Bit rate 19264 Kbit/s 15 ppm
Line Code CM
Alcatel 1662 SMC ntroduction
Technical Specifications (Continues.):
Optical Characteristics -
STM-1 S 1.1 L 1.1 L 1.2
Tr,ns Power -15 to -8dB 0 to - 5dB
0 to
- 5dB
Receiver
Sensitivity -28dB -7dB -7dB
Receiver OverIo,d -8dB -10dB -10dB
ptical Connectors FCPC/SCPC
STM-4 S 4.1 L 4.1 L 4.2
Tr,ns Power -15 to -8dB
2 to
-dB
2 to
-dB
Receiver
Sensitivity -28dB -28dB -28dB
Receiver OverIo,d -8dB -8dB -8dB
ptical Connectors FCPC/SCPC
STM-16 S 16.1 L 16.1 L 16.2
Tr,ns Power
0 to
-5 dB
2 to
-2 dB
2 to
-2 dB
Receiver
Sensitivity -18dB -27dB -28dB
Receiver OverIo,d 0dB -8dB -8dB
RS232 Pin Assignments (DB9 PC sign,I set)
Pin 1
Received Line Signal Detector
(Data Carrier Detect)
Pin 2 Received Data
Pin %ransmit Data
Pin 4 Data %erminal Ready
Pin 5 Signal Ground
Pin 6 Data Set Ready
Pin 7 Request %o Send
Pin 8 Clear %o Send
Pin 9 Ring ndicator
The connector on the PC has male pins, therefore the mating
cable needs to terminate in a DB9/F (Female pin) connector
PROTECTION TYPES
PS
quipment
Protection
Switching
MSP
Multiplex
Section
Protection
1:1
1:N
MSP-LINEAR
MS-SP RING
SNCP/N
SNCP/I
EPS:Protection against the equipment failure MSP:Protection against the equipment failure
And the Line Failure
EPS(Equipment Protection Switching)
QUPMN% 1
QUPMN% 2
1.The 1+1 EPS Protection type me,ns th,t one working equip is Protected by One Redund,nt Equip
2.The mode of 1+1 EPS Protection is Non Revertive.
1+1 %ype
EPS(Equipment Protection Switching)
1:N %ype
QUPMN% 1
QUPMN% 1
QUPMN% N
QUPMN% P
LN 1
LN 2
LN N
1)1:N %ype protection means that N working Pieces of equip are protected
by just 1 Portecting quivalent.
2)%he mode of 1:N ps protection is revertive.
MSP(MuItipIex Section Protection)
MSP(linear) is also called as APS(Automatic Protection Switching)
N-A N-B
1+1Protection
1:1Protection
1:N Protection
%X
RX
RX
RX
%X
%X
WORKING
PROTECTION
HIGH PRIORITY LINE WORKING
LOW PRIORITY LINE WORKING
%X
%X
RX
RX
WORKING
WORKING
PROTECTION