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Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by red patches covered with silvery scales. It has both genetic and environmental triggers and varies in severity. The most common forms are plaque and guttate psoriasis, presenting as raised, red patches or small drop-like lesions. Treatment involves topical corticosteroids and vitamin D analogues for mild cases or phototherapy and systemic drugs for moderate to severe psoriasis.

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Jeno Sigamani
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301 views

Psoriasis

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by red patches covered with silvery scales. It has both genetic and environmental triggers and varies in severity. The most common forms are plaque and guttate psoriasis, presenting as raised, red patches or small drop-like lesions. Treatment involves topical corticosteroids and vitamin D analogues for mild cases or phototherapy and systemic drugs for moderate to severe psoriasis.

Uploaded by

Jeno Sigamani
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Psoriasis

Jevin
Definition
• Psoriasis is a chronic, non-infectious inflammatory
dermatosis characterized by well-demarcated erythematous
plaques topped by silvery scales.
• The sex incidence is equal.
• The condition may start at any age; peak onset is in the 2nd
and 3rd decades; unusual in children less than 8 years old.
Aetiopathogenesis
• Genetics:
• about 35% of patients show a family history
• identical twin studies show a concordance of 80%.
• strong correlations with the HLA antigens CW6, B13 and B17.
• Epidermal kinetics and metabolism.
• The epidermal cell proliferation rate is increased 20 fold or more in
psoriasis
• the germinative cell population is expanded.
Precipitating factors
• Koebner phenomenon: Trauma to the epidermis and
dermis, such as scratch or surgical scar can precipitate
psoriasis in the damaged skin.
• Infection: Typically, a streptococcal sore throat may
precipitate guttate psoriasis.
• Drugs: Beta-blockers, lithium and antimalarials.
• Sunlight.
• Psychological stress.
Clinical presentation
• Psoriasis varies in severity from the trivial to the life-
threatening.
• Presentation patterns of psoriasis include:
• Plague.
• Guttate.
• Flexural.
• Localized forms.
• Generalized pustular.
• Nail involvement.
• Erythoderma.
Plaque
• Well-defined, disc-shaped plaques involving the elbows,
knees, scalp hair margin or sacrum are the classic
presentation.
• The plaques are usually red and covered by waxy white
scales which if which, if detached may leave bleedng points.
Guttate
• Guttate psoriasis is an acute symmetrical eruption of “drop-
like” lesions usually on the trunk and limbs. The form mostly
occurs in adolescents or young adults and may follow a
streptococcal throat infection.
 Localized forms
• Psoriasis can also present in a number of localized forms
• Palmoplantar pustulosis
• Acrodermatitis of Hallopeau
• Scalp psoriasis
• Napkin psoriasis
Generalized pustular
• Generalized pustular is a rare but serious and even life-
threatening form of psoriasis.
• Sheets of small, sterile yellowish pustules develop on an
erythematous background and may rapidly spread.
• The onset is often acute. The patient is unwell, with fever
and malaise, and requires hospital admission.
Nail involvment
• Psoriasis affects the matrix or nail bed in up to 50% of cases.
• An oily or salmon pink discoloration of the nail bed is seen,
often adjacent to onycholisis.
Treatment
• Topical therapy:
• topical corticosteroids
• vit D analogues – dovonex.
• keratolytic and scalp preparations – salicylic acid ointment
• systemic therapy:
• PUVA
• Retinoids
• methotrexate
• cyclosporin.

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