GE4 Chapter3
GE4 Chapter3
GE4 Chapter3
Unit 3:
Problem
Solving
and
Reasoning
Learning 1. Use different types of
reasoning to justify
Objectives: statements and arguments
made about
mathematics and
mathematical concepts.
2. Write clear and logical
proofs.
3. Organize one’s methods
and approaches for proving
and solving problems.
4. Use the concept of solving
word problems in real-life
applications.
Problem Solving
According to Reisberg (2013), Problem Solving refers
to cognitive processing directed at achieving a goal
when a problem solver does not initially know a solution
method. Problem solving solution methods, ways and
techniques differ. But here’s one of the suggested step-
by-step procedure in dealing with problems.
Problem Solving
Polya’s Four-Step
Problem-solving
Strategy
Problem Solving
Answer: 21
The first two numbers, 1 & 3 differ by 2. The second
and the third numbers differ by 3 (3 and 6). The third
and the fourth numbers (6 and 10) differ by 4. It
appears that the difference between any two numbers
is always 1 more than the preceding difference. Since
10 and 15 differ by 5, we can now predict that the
next number exceeds 15 by 6, which is 21.
Consider the following problems:
2. Predict the next number in the list: 80, 70, 61, 53,
46, 40 …?
Answer: 35
The first two numbers, 80 & 70 differ by 10. The
second and the third numbers differ by 9 (70 and 61).
The third and the fourth numbers (61 and 53) differ by
8. It appears that the difference between any two
numbers is always 1 less than the preceding
difference. Since 46 and 40 differ by 6, we can now
predict that the next number is less than 40 by 5,
which is 35.
Consider the following problems:
Answer: 9
Consider the following problems:
4. All the seats of a bus is occupied and six are standing. At the
next bus stop, 13 persons got off and 3 got in. How many seats
are empty on the next bus stop?
Answer: 4
Consider the following problems:
Answer:
Explanation:
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Explanation:
Consider the following problems:
7. Solve for the weight of each shape shown in the
figure.
Explanation:
7. Last week, three students (Sam, Shawn, and Sean) all lost
their backpacks (colored green, blue, and purple) during the
school day (while third period, lunch, and fifth period). From the
clues provided, determine who among them have a green
backpack, a blue backpack, and a purple backpack and who
among them lost his backpack during the third period, during
lunch, and during the fifth period.
Sam did not lose his backpack before lunch.
Shawn’s backpack which was not green was lost during the
third period.
Sean lost sight of his purple backpack during lunch.
Activity 4: Answer the following problems