BIS CODES

PREKSHA NAHATA - 210BARCH079

IS 2266
Indian Standard Steel
Wire For General
Engineering Purposes
The following rope
constructions, types, rope
grades, cores and range of
sizes are covered as
identified by x mark :
• ROPE SIZE AND TOLERANCE - The size of the rope designated as ‘nominal
diameter’ shall be one of those given in Tables 1 to 13. The actual diameter of
the rope as supplied shall be within +4_l percent of the nominal diameter.
• GENERAL REQUIREMENT - The wire rope shall conform to IS 6594 and
shall also meet the following requirements,
• CONSTRUCTION - The rope construction shall be chosen from 1,However
considering wide range of engineering application other varieties of
construction in Scale Warrirtgton/ Scale Warrington Scale group (SW/SWS)
given in Table 6 can be developed, manufactured and supplied with the consent
of users as per the guidelines given in foot note under Table 2 of 1S6594.
• CORE –
Fibre Core : Fibre core shall be as per IS 1804.
Steel Core : Steel core shall be as per IS 6594.
• JOINTS - Tucked joints in wires during rope making are permitted for wires of
0.5 mm diameter and smaller
• GALVANIZING - When galvanizing is required, it shall conform to any of the
Types (A, AB or B) of IS 1835 as may be specified by the purchaser
• SAMPLING PLAN –
Lot : Steel wire rope of same size manufactured using the same set of strands
and same type of core under identical condition of production, shall constitute a
lot.
For ascertaining the conformity of a lot, the following sampling plan shall be
made:
a) Dimensional checking — 100 percent
b) Breakingforce test — one sample from a lot.
• MARKING –
The size, construction, rope grade, lay, core, coating and length or wire rope,
reel/coil number along with the order number of purchaser and any other marking
which may be specified by the purchaser shall be legibly mentioned on a suitable
tag securely attached, when wire ropes are supplied in coils. In case wire ropes are
supplied in reels, the information may be stenciled on both sides of the reels or
stenciled on one side of the reel and a suitable tag giving the same information
may be attached on the other side of the reel.
BIS Certification Marking :
The product may also be marked with the Standard Mark.
The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provisions of the Bureau of
Indian Standards Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The
details of conditions under which a license for the use of the Standard Mark may
be granted to the manufacturers or the producers maybe obtained from the Bureau
of Indian Standards
• PACKING - The ropes shall be protected suitably to avoid damage in transit and
corrosion.
• MINIMUM BREAKING FORCE - The minimum breaking force shall be as
given in Tables I to 13.
IS 6594
Indian Standard Technical Supply Conditions For Steel Wire Ropes And Strands
This standard lays down the technical supply conditions for steel wire ropes of
round strand, flattened strand and multi-strand rotation resistant types in
ordinary or Lang’s lay construction. It also includes Locked coil wire ropes.
Ropes of round strand and flattened strand types used for hoisting purposes in
mines are not covered by this standard.
• WIIRE –
Tensile Designation : A level of requirement of tensile strength which is designated by the
minimum value of the appropriate range of tensile strength in N/mmz.
Actual Tensile Strength : The value obtained when dividing the maximum force achieved during
a tensile test by the nominal crosssectional metallic area of the wire.
Material : The wire ropes shall be manufactured with wires made from steel having chemical
composition to Grades 1,2, 3and40f1S 1835. Tensile Designation of
Wires = The tensile designation of wires shall be selected by manufacturer as recommended in
IS 1835 for round wires so that the minimum breaking force for the designated rope grade is
achieved. The various wire properties as recommended in IS 1835 shall be determined for the
tensile designation of wire selected by the manufacturer. wires of the same nominal diameter in
the same layer of a rope construction shall be of same tensile designation. The tensile
designation of any group of wires shall not be more than one grade higher or lower than the
designated rope grade. The core wires in the strand, filler wires and wires forming steel main
core shall be of any tensile designation as specified in IS 1835 provided it shall not exceed the
tensile designation of the main wires in the rope. The triangular core wires used in flattened
strand rope shall have a minimum tensile strength of 785 N/mm2.
• ROPE –
Fill Factor : The ratio between the sum of the nominal metallic cross-sectional
areas of all the wires in the rope and the area of the rope circle based on its
nominal diameter
Metallic Cross-Sectional Area Factor : A level of requirement of breaking force
which is designated by a number like 1570,1770, 1960, etc.
Spinning Loss Factor : The ratio between the minimum breaking force of the
rope to the calculated minimum aggregate breaking force of the rope.
Breaking Force of Rope :
Minimum breaking force = The tensile force below, which a sample of the wire
rope shall not fracture when, tested to destruction in the prescribed manner.
Actual breaking force = The maximum tensile force obtained by testing a sample
of the rope to destruction in the prescribed manner
• SIZE - The size of the rope shall be expressed in terms of nominal diameter and shall
be one of those as given in relevant wire rope specification.
Permissible Variation :The diameter of the rope as supplied, when measured before
tensioning in the manner described in Annex A shall be within the limits specified in the
relevant wire rope specification. However in case of a dispute as to compliance of the
rope with maximum permissible diameter, the wire rope shall be put under tension equal
to not less than 5 percent and not more than 8 percent of the minimum breaking force of
the rope in question. If the rope diameter under this condition is within the permissible
limit, the rope shall be deemed to have conformed to the relevant specification.
Permissible Ovality : The measurements for ovality (out-of-roundness) shall be taken in
accordance with Annex A. The maximum variation between any of the four
measurements shall not exceed the values given below:
• LENGTH - A rope with plain ends shall be not less than the specified length
nor shall it exceed the specified length by more than 5 percent for lengths up to
400 m. For lengths 400 m and more, the plus tolerance shall be 20 m for each
1000 m of length or part thereof. The length of the rope with Fitted ends shall
comply with requirements of the order. The rope length shall be measured
without tension unless otherwise specified.
• MASS - The approximate rope mass (expressed in kilogram per 100 m) is
calculated as follows:
M=Kd^2
Where,
M = approximate mass per unit length of the rope in kilogram per 100 m

K = empirical factor for the mass per unit length for a given rope construction in
kg/(100 m.mm’).
D = nominal diameter of the rope in millimeter
• MINIMUM BREAKING FORCE -

Where
FO = minimum breaking force in kilo Newton,
d = nominal diameter of the rope in millimetre,
R, = rope grade (in Newton per square millimetre),
K’ = empirical factor for the minimum breaking force for a given rope construction..
In table 2,
K1n = factor for ropes with natural fibre core
K1s = factor for ropes with man made (synthetic) fibre core
K2 = factor for ropes with steel core (wire strand core and independent wire rope core)
K1 = factor for rope with fibre core (natural fibre core and man made fibre core)
K2 = factor for rope with steel core (wire strand core and independent wire rope core)
• FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS - The completed rope shall be free from
defects, loose wires and strands or other irregularities. It shalI be evenly laid
and shall remain in the condition when properly unwound from a reel or coil.
• PREFORMING - Round and flattened strand wire rope shall be preformed
unless otherwise agreed upon. A multi strand rotation-resistant rope may not
require preforming by its inherent design.
• LUBRICATION - The cover wires, the core of the strand, the wires of the main
steel core and the rope while being laid up, shall be thorough Iy treated with
lubricant complying with IS 9182 . The fibre main core shall be well
impregnated with a suitable lubricant conforming to IS 9182 (Part I). The
impregnation of lubricant in the fibre core maybe done by vacuum, dip or any
other suitable process. In dip impregnation the core shall be immersed in the
lubricant maintained at a temperature of 90°C+ 5°C for a minimum period of 4
h to ensure complete saturation of core. The retention of lubricant in the core
taken fi-om a new rope shall be a minimum of 10 percent by mass of tibre core
• MARKING - The size, construction, rope grade, lay, core, coating and length
of wire rope, reel/coil number along with the order number of purchaser and
any other marking which may be specified by the purchaser shall be legibly
mentioned on a suitable tag securely attached, when wire ropes are supplied in
coils. [n case wire ropes are supplied in reels, the information maybe stenciled
on both sides of the reels or stenciled on one side of the reel and a suitable tag
giving the same information may be attached on the other side of the reel
• PACKING - The rope shall be suitably protected to avoid damage in transit and
corrosion. Ropes of ordinary lay may be supplied in coils or reels as required
by the purchaser.
IS 4090
Indian Standard Criteria For Design Of Reinforced Concrete Arches
This standard lays down recommendations for. the classification, dimensional
proportioning, analysis and design of reinforced concrete arches. The criteria for
design is intended to apply only to arches which are primarily loaded ( with dead
and live loads ) in their own plane and where curve lies in one plane. Portal8 are
not covered by this criteria.
• TYPES OF ARCHES –
Structurally arches may be classified into
the following
Fixed or HingelessArches : These have
their ends built rigidly into the supports
which do not allow them to move or rotate.
Concrete arches are usually of this type.
Hinged arches : These arches may have
only one hinge at the crown, or two hinges;
one at each springing, or three hinges; one
at each springing and one at the crown.
Hinged arches are not commonly employed
in concrete. Temporary hinges are,
sometimes, introduced during construction.
Based on construction, an arch can be
identified as
Filled spandrel arch : This arch consists of
an arch slab carrying a filling of earth or
any other suitable material on its back in
the spandrel portion
Open spandrel arch : It consists of an arch
slab carrying a system of walls, piers or
columns on its back to support the decking;
or arch ribs supporting the decking at any
level above the crown or between the
crown and ( see springing's, through a
system of columns or suspenders or both.
Tied arch or bow-string girder : Where
supports cannot resist the horizontal
reaciion effectively, a tie at the level of
springings is used to take up the horizontal
thrust and such an arch is called a tied arch.
• LOADS -
For the purpose of design of reinforced concrete arches, the following loads shall
be considered, where applicable. The effect of temperature variations and
shrinkage shall also be taken into account.
Dead load
Live load
Wind load
Seismic load
Tractive force
Snow load
• MATERIALS - The materials for reinforced concrete arches shall conform to
the requirements of 4 of IS : 456-1964*
Concrete : Concrete mix shall be controlled concrete conforming to 5 of IS :
456-1964+. Since arches carry primarily compressive stresses, it is economical
to use high strength concrete as in columns.
Steel : The steel reinforcement shall be mild steel or medium tensile steel bars
conforming to IS : 432 ( Part 1 )-1966t.
• STRESSES - The basic permissible stresses in concrete and steel should be in
accordance with requirements of IS : 456-1964*.
Combination of Stresses : When a section is subjected to combine bending and
direct stresses, the conditions specified in 11 of IS : 456.1964* should be
satisfied.
Increase in Stresses : For various combination of loads specified in 5, the basic
permissible stresses may be increased as recommended in IS : 456.1964’ for
arches in buildings and as recommended in relevant Indian Standards for bridge
arches.
• CONFIGURATION – Shape of the Axis -The shape of the arch axis should, as far
as possible, coincide with the funicular polygon for dead loads.
Find Arches- For preliminary design, the shape of arch axis as given by the following
equation may be adopted, taking origin of the coordinates at the crown of the arch:

where
y = vertical distance of any point on the arch axis from the crown,
h = rise of the arch,
m= Wg/We
Wg = average load on the arch per unit length of span near springing,
W c= average load on the arch per unit length of span near crown,
p=loge (m+ +rn”-- 1),
x = horizontal distance of any point on the arch axis from the crown,
L = span of the arch measured from the centre line at the Springing
Rise of Arch-The rise of arches should generally be between one third to one
sixth of the span for economy, the smaller value being applicable to relatively
longer spans and the larger value for relatively smaller spans. Flatter arches have
greater moments due to temperature, shrinkage etc, and those with bigger rise
have greater length and higher cost of formwork.
Scetion of the Arch - In fixed arches, the section is increased from crown
towards springing. The increase in depth at the springing should be 50 to 75
petient over that at the crown. The variation in the moment of inertia of the arch
section is provided by the -following relation

Where
I = moment of inertia of the arch rib at any section,
Ie = moment of inertia of the arch rib at the crown,
 Oa = angle which the tangent to the arch axis makes with the horizontal at the
springing,
x = horizontal distance of the section from crown,
L = span of the arch,
O = angle which the tangent to the arch axis makes with the horizontal at the
section under consideration, and
z, = moment of inertia of the arch rib at thc springing.
• Live Load Moments and Thrusls - The influence lines for moments at crown,
quarter-point and springing point and for horizontal thrust and shear
IS 1855
Indian Standard Standard Steel Wire
Ropes For Winding And Man-Riding
Haulages In mines
This standard covers general
requirements for stranded steel wire
ropes for winding and man-ridding
haulages in mines. The following
rope constructions, types, rope
grades, cores and size ranges
identified by x mark are covered.
• ROPE SIZE AND TOLERANCE - The size of the rope, designated, as
'nominal diameter' shall be one of those given in Tables 1 to 7. The actual
diameter of the rope as supplied shall be within +4, -1 percent of the nominal
diameter.
• GENERAL REQUIREMENTS –
Wire : The chemical composition of the raw material for producing wires to be
used in the rope shall conform to any of the Grades 1, 2 and 3 of IS 1835.
Core :
Fibre Core = The core shall be made from either manila (abaca) or sisal, and
shall conform to the requirements laid down in IS 1804.
Steel Core = Whenever steel main core is specified, it shall be an independent
wire rope core (CWR), except for multistrand rotation resistant ropes where wire
strand cores (CWS) shall be used. The tensile grade of the wires for steel core
and core wires in the strands of the rope shall not exceed the tensile grade of the
main rope wires. In case of shaped wires from strand core, 4.3 of IS 13917 shall
be referred.
• JOINTS - Joints in wires at the final stage shall be avoided as far as possible,
but where necessary, those shall be spread as widely as possible in the strand
and in no case more than one wire shall be joined in a strand length of every 1
000 m or part. Total number of such joints shall not be more than 3 in any
length of rope. The joints shall be as far as possible electrically welded or
brazed. Tucked joints shall not be permitted.
• LAY -
Direction of Lay : The rope shall be of Lang's lay unless otherwise specified by
the purchaser.
Length of Lay : The length of lay of ropes shall not exceed 8 times the nominal
diameter.
• MASS - The rope mass values shown in Tables 1 to 7 are of fully lubricated
ropes. The ropes, which are not lubricated, may be lighter. The actual rope
mass shall meet the requirements of IS 13917.
• GALVANIZING - Galvanizing shall meet the requirement of IS 13917.
• LUBRICATION - The ropes shall be thoroughly lubricated with an appropriate
lubricant specified in IS 13917 unless otherwise requested by the purchaser
specifically. Galvanized ropes for friction winder shall be lubricated with a
lubricant, which will be resistant to slippage. Fibre core shall be lubricated
with a suitable lubricant as specified in IS 9182 and shall have retention of
lubricant after rope making
IS 1835
Indian Standard Specification For Round Steel Wire For Ropes
This standard covers the requirements for five grades of round steel wires of
nominal diameter is 0.20 to 5.0 mm for use in manufacture of wire ropes.
• TYPES –
The steel wire shall be of the following types:
a) Bright wire ( ungalvanized wire )
b) Galvanized wire:
i) Type B ii) Type AB iii) Type A.
• CHEMICAL COMPOSITION - The
chemical analysis of various grades of
wire when made in accordance with
the relevant parts of IS : 228f shall be
as given in Table 1.

• TENSILE STRENGTH - --------------------------------------------------------------------------

• GALVANISING -
• TOLERANCES ON DIAMETER -
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS 1805
Indian Standard Glossary Of Terms Related To Stones : Quarrying And Designing
This standard covers definitions of terms relating to stone (used for construction
purposes) quarrying and dressing including the tools used for these.
QUARRYING TERMS
• Blasting -The operation of breaking rock by boring a hole in it, filling it with
explosive charge and firing.
• Clay Holes-Holes filled with clay, varying from 5 to 25 mm in diameter; defects
often found in limestonesand sandstones when breaking down large bloCks for
masonry.
• Crushing -The further operation on the rock after blasting, namely, breaking and
reducing the rock to required sizes in mechanical crushers.
• Drilling-The operation of making holes in the rock.
• Quarry Sap-The natural moisture found in freshly quarried stone. In some
stones as the sap evaporates, a protective coat is formed on the stone.
• Rabble- Stone of irregular shape and size as quarried.
• Sand Holes- Defects found in sand stones, similar to the clay holes found in
limestones.
• Screening-The process of passing the crushed rock materials through one or
more screens to separate it into a series of different sized products, the material
in each being approximately of the same size.
• Shake-Fractures which occur across the surface of the rock and which break
across the plane of cleavage.
• Tamping-The filling of a hole containing explosive charge with clay or other
non-inflammable material with a view to enhancing the force of explosion.
• Vent-A fissure indicative of displacement and constituting a source of weakness
in a stone.
DRESSING TERMS
• Chisel Drafted-Thedressing done with a drafting chisel in narrow strips of
width generally about 2 to 5 cm.
• Close Picked-The finish obtained by further dressing a punched surface by
means of a point chisel SO that the ridges or chisel marks left over are not
more than 1’5 mm.
• Combed-Having all irregularities on the exposed surfaces of soft stones
worked off by the use of a drag or a comb. The comb is dra’wn over the
surface of the stone in all directions after it has been roughly reduced to a plane
with a saw or chisel, making it approximately smooth.
• Drafted Margin- A tooled margin from 2 to 5 cm wide worked on the face of a
rough squared stone.
• Dragged -Having all irregularities on the exposed surfaces of soft stones
worked off by the use of a drag or a comb
• Face-Bedded- A stone cut with the laminae running vertically and parallel with
the face.
• Fine-Tooled - The smooth finish obtained by further dressing a close picked
surface in which all the projections are removed, the surface having 3 to 4 lines
per centimetre width.
• Fluted -Having a surface worked into a regular series of concave grooves.
• Furrowed - Having a surface consisting of small flutings.
• Hammer-Dressed - Having a rough face prepared with a hammer.
• Joint Bedded- A stone cut with the laminae running vertically and parallel with
the joints
• Mitring, External - The labour in forming the intersection oftwo mouldings,
splays *and the like; the seen faces making an angle greater than 180”.
• Mitring, Internal-The labour in forming the intersection of two mouldings,
splays and the like; less than 180’.
• Moulded - Cut to the profile of a moulding.
• Palmane Dressing - A type of finish which is done in two courses after two line
dressing of the stone so as to get very uniform surface. NOTE - The tool used
is known as ’ Palmane ’ which is 4 cm square at the tool end and has a square
cut of 3 cm square at tool faces.
• Picked -A dressing obtained by means of a point tool or a pick
• Pitched Faced-A surface produced by dressing the edges only with a pitching
tool leaving superfluous stone on the face to remain there presenting the
appearance of the natural rock.
• Polished - Having a high-gloss mirror-like finish.
• Punched Dressing -A finish obtained by further dressing a rough tooled surface
by means of a punch chisel so as to show a series of ridges. The depth of gap
between the surface and a straight edge shall not exceed 3mm.
• Quarry-Faced -This term is applied to the natural surface formed when a stone
is detached from mass in the quarry or to the surface of fracture formed when a
stone is split.
• Reeded -A surface worked into a regular series of convex ridges.
• Rock-Faced-The natural face of the rock or a dressing resembling it.
• Rough-Tooled- A finish obtained by means of a plane chisel or a boaster, so
that the surface has a series ofbands 4 to 5 cm wide all over the surface more or
less parallel to tool marks. The marks may be horizontal, vertical or oblique as
required. The depth of gap between the surface and a straight edge shall not
exceed 3 mm
• Rubbed-A finish obtained by rubbing with abrasive to the degree of
smoothness required.
• Sanded-Finished by rubbing with abrasive.
TOOLS FOR DRESSING AND QUARRYING
• Axe- A mason’s tool with r+ head of hard tempered steel which is tapered to an
edge on one or both ends and fitted with a wooden handle.
• Boaster- A broad-faced chisel used for dressing a stone to a comparatively
smooth surface.
• Box Trammel-A tool used for scribing parallel or concentric lines on circular
work or positioning working points and depths at right’angles to a face or in
sinkings.
• Bull Set - A tool, set on a shaft, used in the granite industry for dressing off
unwanted material.
• Bush Hammer-A tool having from 4 to 10 thin blades of steel ground to an
edge and bolted together on the handle.
• Chisel -A steel tool having a plain shaft with a cutting edge varying from 10 to
35 mm wide, used for drafting or chiselling
• Chop Axe-A heavy axe used for chopping off the rough surface of stone before
dressing.
• Circular Saw-A machine with a power-driven revolving steel disc to the rim of
which abrasive elements are attached.
• Claw Chisel -A tool, usually from 35 to 50 mm wide, used in conjunction with
a mallet in making drafts over a stone surface, the teeth being formed to
prevent the stone plucking or lifting in holes.
• Claw Tool-A tool made of steel and similar to a steel chisel but with a clawed
( toothed ) removable cutting edge which fits into a slot at the base of handle.
• Club Hammer- A tool made of durable wood and used by the mason as a
hammer when working with certain steel chisels, gouges, and the like.
• Cock’s Comb- A thin gauge steel. plate with a serrated edge used for scribing
around a zinc templet on stone and also for combing a very fine surface to
moulded stone work.
• Drafting Chisel-A wood-handled tool used in conjunction with a dummy for
working drafts.
• Dummy- A mallet with a head made of zinc or lead for use with wooden
handled chisels.
• Fillet Chisel-A chisel varying from 3 to 12 mm in width used for working
details and enrichments.
• Fillet Rasp (Riffler Rasp) -A steel file with serrated edges for working off a
stone to fine limits.
• Fillet Saw - A small saw vvith an adjustable handle for sawing down neat to a
line, fillets and similar details.
• Gouges-Tools of various sizes and curves for use in working mouldings to
their required shapes.
• Jamper - A hand tool used for sinking holes in stone.
• Lewising Chisels -Tools from 18 to 30 mm wide, formed specially for cutting
mortices for the insertion of lewises for lifting stone
• Mason’s Hammer-A double faced hammer used for the roughest work, such as
in shaping the&ones as they come from the quarry, knocking of projections,
etc.
• Pick- A tool made of hard tempered steel tapered to a point at one or both ends
and fitted with a wooden handle about O-5 m long.
• Pitching Tool- A tool similar to a large chisel but with a blunt edge in place of a
sharp edge.
• Point Chisel- A steel chisel drawn to a point and used for taking off the rough
stone to make an approxirnately plane surface
• . Punch Chisel- A steel chisel drawn nearly to a point and used for shaping the rough
stone before tooling
• Quarryman’s Axe-A double-balded steel axe, approximately 6 kg in weight, used for
scabbling rough blockstone to square dimensions.
• Scabbling or Scappling Hammer-A hammer that has one end pick-pointed; it is used for
roughly dressing granite or hard stone.
• Soft Stone Chisel-A chisel from 35 to 50 mm wide with a shank which passes into a
wooden handle; used with a mallet for dressing soft stone to a comparatively smooth
surface.
• Spalling Hammer-A hammer with a concave end, forming two cutting edges; used for
removing superfluous stone.
• Splitter-A hammer-headed tool 8 to 10 cm wide with a cutting edge approximately 1’5
mm thick.
• Templet-A pattern of wood or metal cut to a required profile and used to outline a
shape for cutting and to gauge the profile as the work proceeds.
• Tracer-A large chisel used for tracking a shallow groove along a series of plug-holes to
assist in the splitting of a mass of rock.
• Trammel and Scriber-A tool used for scribing parallel lines.
IS 15909
Indian Standard PVC GEO – Membranes For Living – Specifications
This standard covers PVC geo-membrane (flexible polyvinyl chloride) lining,
0.30 mm, 0.50 mm, 0.75 mm, 1.00 mm and 1.50 mm in thickness, for use in
canal, pond and reservoir lining to control seepage and for proper disposal of
industrial effluents, solid waste management, etc. The material is also suitable
for lining of roof/terrace. The test used to characterize the PVC geomembrane,
are intended to ensure good workmanship and quality and are not necessarily
adequate for design purposes in view of the importance of environmental factors
and specific performance objectives. Tests have been selected primarily with
essentially natural aqueous system in mind. Other tests may be necessary to
establish chemical resistance and durability under the condition of particular
application.
• MATERIAL AND MANUFACTURE - The PVC geo-membrane shall be suitably
manufactured from vinyl chloride resin homo polymer. Water soluble compounding
ingredient shall not be used. Plasticizers that are resistant to migration and bacterial
growth shall be used. The PVC geo-membrane shall be pigmented to produce a uniform
colour. In case two or more layers of PVC films are used, these shall be joined together
by a suitable heat fusion lamination only. The lamination shall be such that the finished
material meets the requirements as given in Table 1. If two or more pieces of geo-
membranes are used, the material shall be joined together by a suitable heat sealing
process keeping an overlap of at least 2.5 cm
• DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES - The dimensions of PVC geo-membrane when
tested by the method given in 3.4 of IS 3464 shall be as agreed to between the buyer and
the seller. A combination of panel width may be used to obtain desired width of liner.
However, no panel of the PVC geo-membrane shall be less than 2 000 mm.
• COLOUR, SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS - The
PVC geo-membrane shall be uniform in colour, texture and finish. The colour, unless
specified, shall be black. It shall be free from pin-holes and other foreign particles when
tested by the method prescribed in Annex A. The laminated film shall not peel off. The
PVC geo-membrane shall be reasonably free from defects such as holes, tears or blisters.
The edges shall be free of nicks and cuts visible to the naked eye.
• MARKING – The PVC geo-membrane shall be supplied in roll form and each roll shall
bear a label on which the following information shall be provided with indelible ink:
Name and type of the material
Name and/or trade-mark of the manufacturer
Thickness and declared length and width
Batch No. and date of manufacture.
• CONDITIONING OF TEST SPECIMEN - Unless otherwise specified, all samples shall
be conditioned at a temperature of 27 ± 2°C in air for the period of 2 h and relative
humidity of 65 ± 5 percent for at least 60 min.
• SAMPLING –
Lot :
In any consignment all the geo-membrane roll of same and type and despatched to buyer
against one despatch note shall constitute a lot.
The number of geo-membrane rolls to be selected from a lot shall be in accordance with
Table 2. The geo-membrane roll shall be selected at random with the use of random number
tables (see IS 4905).
The conformity of the lot to the requirements of this standard shall be determined on the
basis of the tests on the samples selected from it.
Criteria for Conformity :
The number of rolls selected from the lot shall be tested for various requirements
in this standard. If the numberof defective rolls or those failing to satisfy any one
or more of the requirements is less than or equal to the corresponding
permissible number of defective rolls as given in col 4 of Table 2, the lot shall be
consideredas conforming to the requirement. If the number of defective rolls is
more than the corresponding permissible number of defective rolls, the lot shall
be considered as not conforming.
IS 1804
Indian Standard Steel Wire Ropes – Fibre Main Cores – Specification
The standard specifics the construction particulars and the requirements of fibre
main course for steel wire ropes using two types of fibre :
Natual
Man made
The standard is not applicable to rupees from mines hoisting purposes
• TOLERANCES –

Nominal Diameter and Nominal Runnage The manufacturer shall declare the
nominal diameter and runnage and it shall be subjected to the tolerances given in
Table 3
• SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY –
The coils of core of the same sue shall constitute a lot Each sample taken shall be
representative of the lot.
The conformity of the lot shall be determined on the basis of tests carried out on
the samples selected from it
Sampling shall be as representative as possible of the lot Draw the samples at
random at the rate shown by the following formula