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    2022-Definisi Dan Methateori

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    Dian Islamiyati
    This document summarizes a lecture on communication theories. It defines communication from various scholars and discusses conceptual models of communication as a process, transaction, and use of symbols. It also outlines Robert Craig's seven traditions in communication theory and five genres of communication theory. Lastly, it discusses metatheory and issues in communication theory from a metatheoretical perspective.

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    2022-Definisi Dan Methateori

    Uploaded by

    Dian Islamiyati
    45 views18 pages
    This document summarizes a lecture on communication theories. It defines communication from various scholars and discusses conceptual models of communication as a process, transaction, and use of symbols. It also outlines Robert Craig's seven traditions in communication theory and five genres of communication theory. Lastly, it discusses metatheory and issues in communication theory from a metatheoretical perspective.

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    2022-Definisi dan Methateori

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    This document summarizes a lecture on communication theories. It defines communication from various scholars and discusses conceptual models of communication as a process, transaction, and use of symbols. It also outlines Robert Craig's seven traditions in communication theory and five genres of communication theory. Lastly, it discusses metatheory and issues in communication theory from a metatheoretical perspective.

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    2022-Definisi Dan Methateori

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    Dian Islamiyati
    This document summarizes a lecture on communication theories. It defines communication from various scholars and discusses conceptual models of communication as a process, transaction, and use of symbols. It also outlines Robert Craig's seven traditions in communication theory and five genres of communication theory. Lastly, it discusses metatheory and issues in communication theory from a metatheoretical perspective.

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    METHATEORI KOMUNIKASI

    DOSEN : UMAIMAH WAHID

    Magister Ilmu Komunikasi


    Fakultas Komunikasi dan Desain Kreatif (FKDK)
    Universitas Budi Luhur
    Sabtu, 13 Agustus 2022
    Key Term in Defening Communication

    G ENVIRONMENT
    IN
    N
    A
    E

    SO
    M

    C
    IAL
    Communication

    SY
    M
    BO S S
    LS
    O CE
    PR
    Beberapa definisi Komunikasi

    1. Hovland , Janis & Kelley, 1953:


    • “ Communication is the process by which an individual (the communicator)
    transmitt stimuli (usually verbal) to modify the behavior of other individuals
    (the audience)”
    2. Weaver (1949)
    • “ Communication is all the procedurs by which one mind can affect
    another”.
    3. Berelson and Steiner (1964)
    • “Communication : the transmission of informations, ideas, emations, skills,
    etc., by the use of symbols-words, pictures, figures, graphs, etc. It is the act
    or process of transmission that is ussually called communication.”

    4. Gerbner (1966)
    • “Communication is social interaction through symbols and messages
    systems”.
    Conceptualizing Communication
    Point of Convergence

    1. Communications Is a Process

    2. Communications Is
    transactional

    3. Communication Is Symbolic
    Conceptualizing
    Communication:
    Point of Divergence

    1. Communication as a social
    Activity.

    2. Communication and Intention.


    Conceptual Domains ofCommunication Theory/
    Tradisi dalam Teori Komunikasi (Robert Graig)

    1. Rhetorical
    2. Semiotic
    3. Phenomenological
    4. Cybernetic
    5. Sociopsychological
    6. Sociocultural
    7. Critical
    Genre Of Communication Theory

    1. Structural and Functional Theories


    2. Cognitive and Behavioral Theories
    3. Interactionist Theories
    4. Interpretive Theories
    5. Critical Theories
    TEORI

    ■ Teori adalah himpunan konstruk


    (konsep), definisi, dan proposisi yang
    mengemukakan pandangan sistematis
    tentang gejala dengan menjabarkan
    relasi di antara variabel, untuk
    menjelaskan dan meramalkan gejala
    tersebut. (Kerlinger, 1973:9,)
    ■ Theories help us understand or
    explain phenomena we observe in the
    social world - The are the ‘nets with
    which we catch the world’ or the way
    in which we make sense of social life.
    ■ Theories is necessarily an abstraction
    of the social world. But not social
    world it self.
    Hempel, 1966, theories (Miller, 2005 : 22)

    Description of phenomena in the social world.

    Relationships among these phenomena (sometimes in


    the form of rules or laws).

    An underlying and abstact storyline that describes


    mechanisms at work in these relationships.

    Links between the storyline and the observed


    phenomena and relationships.
    Ciri-ciri Teori :

    Teori terdiri dari proposisi-proposisi.

    Konsep-konsep dalam proposisi telah dibatasi


    pengertiannya secara jelas.

    Teori harus mungkin diuji.

    Teori harus dapat melakukan predikasi.

    Teori harus dapat melahirkan proposisi-proposisi.


    Basic elements of Theory
    (Littlejohn, 1999:18-19)

    1. Philosophical assumptions,
    (or basic belief that underlie
    the theory).
    2. Concepts (or building blocks).
    3. Explanations, (or dynamic
    conections made by action).
    4. Principles, (or guidelines for
    action)
    Fungsi Teori

    ■ Fungsi teori (baca Littlejohn,


    1999 :31) :
    1. Orgonize and summerize
    2. Focusing
    3. Clarify
    4. Observational
    5. to Predict
    6. heuristic function
    7. Communicative function
    8. Control
    9. Generative function
    Cara meng-Evaluasi Teori :

    1. Theoritical scope
    2. Appropriateness
    3. Heuristic Value
    4. Validity
    5. Passimony (logical simplicity)
    6. Openess

    (baca Littlejohn, 1999:39)


    METHATHEORITICAL CONCIDERATIONS

    Methatheory is theory about theory,


    considerations involve philosophical
    commitments on issues such as aspects of social
    worls we can and should theorize about.

    Three specific areas of metatheory :

    • Ontology
    • Epistemology
    • Axiology
    • (disebut juga philosophical assumptions)
    Metatheory

    • Pengertian Metha :
    berubah dalam posisi, diluar atau melebihi diluar pengertian dan
    pengalaman manusia.

    • Wilbur Schram, Meta yaitu suatu perangkat pernyataan yang


    saling berkaitan, pada abstraksi dengan kadar yg tinggi, dan dari
    padanya proposisi dapat dihasilkan dan dapat diuji secara ilmiah
    dan pada landasannya dapat dilakukan prediksi mengenai
    tingkah laku.
    Issues in Communication Trheory : A Methatheoritical Analysis
    by Bowers and James J. Borac

    1. Komunikasi adalah proses transmisi dan penerimaan pesan.

    2. Komunikasi adalah aktivitas membangkitkan makna yang general.

    3. Komunikasi adalah Prilaku individual

    4. Komunikasi adalah relasi antar prilaki-prilaku komunikasi.

    5. Komunikasi manusia adalah unik (makhluk pengguna simbol

    6. Komunikasi manusia adalah sebuah bentuk dari komunikasi binatang.


    Lanjutan…
    7. Komunikasi adalah proses.
    8. Komunikasi adalah statis.
    9. Komunikasi berlangsung dimana dan
    ambigu.
    10. Komunikasi mengandung kekuasaan
    dan mengkonstruksi masyarakat.
    11. Semua manusia tidak ada yang tidak
    berkomunikasi.
    12. Komunikasi adalah kontekstual
    dan nonkontekstual.
    Baca Kembali

    Communication Theories : Perspectives, Processes, and


    Contexts, by. Katherine Miller, Second Edition, 2005.

    2. Theories of Human Communication, by Stephen W.


    Littlejohn and Karen A. Foss, Eight edition, 2005.

    3. JUJUN S. SURIASUMANTRI, FILSAFAT ILMU


    SEBUAH PENGANTAR POPULER, 1994.

    4. LOUIS O. KATTSOFF, PENGANTAR FILSAFAT, 1986.

    5. TITUS, SMITH, NOLAN, PERSOALAN-PERSOALAN


    FILSAFAT, 1984.

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