Sub – Module 4.

Police Tactical Skills

for Counter-Insurgency

4.1.2 Rope Course

PCPL CHRISTIAN S.
CIPRIANO
 INSTRUCTOR PROFILE
PCpl CHRISTIAN S CIPRIANO
 TACTICAL PNCO/ PLANS AND PROGRAM SECTION
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
 CRIMINOLOGY GRADUATE
 LICENSE CRIMINOLOGIST
 NAPOLCOM SPO ELIGIBILITY
 NAPOLCOM PO ELIBILITY
SCHOOLINGS AND SEMINARS:
INSTRUCTOR DEVELOPMENT COURSE
HUMAN RIGHTS COURSE
SPECIAL ACTION FORCE COMMANDO COURSE
PNP SCOUT
MIOC
OPEN WATER DIVERS COURSE (RECREATIONAL DIVER 1- STAR )
CRIME SCENE FIRST RESPONDER COURSE
IEDDAS
OBJECTIVES:
After this lesson, the participants will be able to;
1. Define the meaning of rope.
2. Identify the two types of rope.
3. Enumerate the three(3) parts of the rope.
4. Perform the different kinds of rope courses.
MOTIVATION
LESSON
1. ROPE

Rope Definition
 A rope is an indispensable lifeline for a climber, rescuer,
etc. It is one of the few elements in the protection system that is
not backed up by other equipment, and one that absolutely must
not fail. An understanding of the design and construction of
ropes as well as knowledge of their selection, use and care, is
crucial to reducing the risks associated with their use.
2. TWO TYPES OF ROPE
NATURAL ROPE

 Natural ropes were first invented and used around 4000 BC by the
Egyptians. Among the materials used by them to make rope were hair,
grass and leather. The Chinese followed them by creating the rope made
of hemp during 3000 BC. Rope producers didn’t give up on hemp, using it
along with cotton, linen, manila, silk and sisal. However, some of these
plant-based materials are more popular than the others because they
offer increased strength and have water-repellent properties.
 EXAMPLES OF NATURAL ROPE:

1.COTTON

Cotton Rope is a lightweight soft 3-strand rope that is often used

for  decorative purposes.
2.LINEN ROPE

Linen is used to make household items such as tablecloths,

upholstery, soft furnishings and curtains. It is also used for
making many types of garment and for making a strong
sewing thread.
3.HEMP ROPE

Hemp Rope is made from hemp fibers. It is a widely used rope for performing
many different tasks. Hemp rope applications include climbing, fishing,
shipping, and horsemanship. It is a robust rope and has some different
characteristics
SYNTHETIC ROPE

Synthetic fibers are “man-made” fibers such as,

nylon, polyester, polypropylene or high performance fibres
such as high modulus polyethylene (HMPE).
 EXAMPLES OF SYNTHETIC ROPE
1. NYLON

Nylon is the strongest of all ropes in common use. It is used

for absorbing has the ability to return to it's original length
after being stretched. It also has good abrasion resistance
and can last several times longer than natural fibres.
2.POLYESTER

 polyester rope is often used for sailing applications,

such as rigging. Polyester is the best all-around winner
for UV stability, abrasion and rot resistance along with
cost.
3.POLYPROPYLENE

Polypropylene ropes are popular for their versatility, cost,

strength and color. The ropes are widely used in cytology, water
sports (for their ability to float on the water), gardens, boating
and yachting. Climbing and safety nets are made from these
ropes
 THREE PARTS OF THE ROPE

1.WORKING END
 The free end of the rope that can be used.
2.STANDING PART
 The part that is static (anchored, coiled).
3.STANDING END
 The standing end is the opposite of the working or tag end of the rope
 ROPE COURSES
COMMANDO CRAWL BABY CRAWL
MONKEY CRAWL ROPE BRIDGE
 KNOT TYING
OBJECTIVES:
After this lesson, the participant will be able to:
1. Define knot tying.
2. Identify common knotting terminology.
3. Enumerate the three major classification of knot and its uses.
4. Demonstrate the different kinds of knot tying.
KNOT TYING DEFINITION

 An interlacement of the parts of one or more flexible bodies such

as cordage rope.
 Used as stopper to prevent a rope from passing through an opening.

Knot Terminology
 Knot tying has several commonly used terms. The ancient Latin
word for knotting is 'nodology', the Greek referred to this art as
'kompology'.
 These references are seldom used today, some modern knot tyers
prefer the term 'knottology' and class themselves as 'knottologists
 COMMON KNOTING TERM

a. Bight – a simple bend of rope in which the rope does not cross itself.
b. Loop – a bend of rope in which the rope cross itself.
c. Half Hitch – loop that runs around an object and locks itself.
d. Running End (Working End) – the free end of the rope that can be used.
e. Standing Part – the part that is static (anchored, coiled).
f. Standing end – the remaining part of the rope not being used.
g. Lay - the twist of the rope.
h. Pigtail – the short length of rope remaining at the end after tying a knot or coiling a
rope.
i. Back Feeding (or Stacking) – taking off one wrap at a time from a coil, and letting it
fall naturally to the ground.
j. Dress Down the Knot – the knot is tightening down a knot to its functioning form.
ILLUSTRATION

LOOP BIGHT HALF HITCH

 THREE MAJOR CLASSIFICATION OF KNOTS

1.KNOT AT THE END OF THE ROPE

A. OVER HAND KNOT

The overhand knot is the simplest type of knot and
is used to make a knob in a rope, string, or cord. It
is used for tying packages, ...

B. DOUBLE OVER HAND KNOT

Uses · In rope halters · Beading, making bracelets ·
To connect rappelling ropes · Provides a simple and
quick method to join 2 ropes for abseil · As a backup
to ...
C.ASHLEY STOPPER KNOT

To prevent the end of a rope from unraveling, passing

back through a hole, device or block and slipping
through another knot.

D.FIGURE OF EIGHT KNOT

The figure-eight knot or figure-of-eight knot is a type

of stopper knot. It is very important in both sailing
and rock climbing as a method of stopping ...
2.KNOTS FOR MAKING LOOP

A.BOWLINE KNOT
 One of the common knots and has a variety of uses, one of
which is the lowering of men and materials.
 To tie a mooring line around a tree, post, pole, anchor,
ring, ladder, or any other object. · Boating, sailing (for
example, tying a jib sheet to the clew ...

B. DOUBLE BOWLINE KNOT

 It is basically a classic Bowline Knot with two
Overhand Loops, or with an extra wrapping turn around
the bight. The added strength and robustness of
the Double .

 Forms three non-slipping loop, used to sling a man.

C.TRIPLE BOWLINE
This is used in rescue situations, especially in a case
where there might be an injured person or people, as it
forms a "seat" in which the injured person can be raised or
lowered safely. The full triple bowline is also used in
rescue situations with the third loop passed around the
waist or torso.

D. RUNNING BOWLINE
Running bowline is a noose knot based on bowline.
· Use. Running bowline can be useful for retrieving objects
by throwing a rope around them and.
E.FRENCH BOLINE
The French Bowline is use to sling an injured person
because it provides you two loops – one for the armpit and
another for a thigh.

F.BOWLINE ON BIGHT
It's also commonly used as a seat while being hoisted as
there are two secure loops as opposed to the traditional
one loop bowline. Use for the same purpose as Boniswa in’s
chair.
3.KNOT JOINING TWO ROPES

A. SQUARE KNOT
One of the most basic knots is the square knot,
which is a type of end knot. This knot is useful tying
up bundles and packages

B. SHEET BEND KNOT

The sheet bend, or weaver's knot, is widely used by
sailors for uniting two ropes of different sizes.
The granny knot is a binding knot, used to
secure a rope or line around an object. It is
considered inferior to the reef not (square knot), 
C. FISHERMAN’S KNOT
This knot and the triple fisherman's knot are the variations
used most often in climbing, arboriculture, and search and
rescue.

D.SURGEON’S KNOT
The surgeon's knot is a surgical knot and is a simple
modification to the reef knot. It adds an extra twist when
tying the first throw, forming a double overhand knot. ...
This knot is commonly used by surgeons in situations
where it is important to maintain tension on a suture,
giving it its name.
E.CARRICK BEND KNOT
The Carrick bend, also known as the Sailor's breastplate,
is a knot used for joining two lines. It is particularly
appropriate for very heavy rope or cable ...

F.WATER KNOT
The water knot (also tape knot, ring bend, grass knot, or
overhand follow-through) is a knot frequently used in
climbing for joining two ends of webbing.
KNOTS FOR TIGHTENING ROPE

A.BUTTERFLY KNOT
 .
The  Butterfly Loop is useful anytime a secure loop is
required in the middle of a rope. A good example is when
a line of hikers wish to hook on.

B.WIRE MAN’S KNOT

The wireman's knot forms a single, fixed loop in the

middle of the rope . It is a middle rope knot use commonly
by the mountaineers in mountain climbing.
 KNOTS FOR MAKING A BIGHT
A.OVER HAND ON BIGHT
Overhand On A Bight ... A knot created by making a loop
with a bight of rope then passing the end of the bight
through the loop. Appropriate uses for rock ...

B.FIGURE 8 ON BIGHT
Use for Caving · Climbing · Canyoning · Rescue work · In
belay setups · Decorative purposes · Fixing a rope for
rappelling · Hoisting a chainsaw by firefighters ...

C.DIRECTIONAL 8 KNOT
The directional figure eight creates a knot in the middle
of the line. It is made on a bight and can take strain in a
single direction only.
HITCH DEFINITION
Used to secure a rope around a timber, pipe or post so that it will hold
temporarily and can be readily undone.
Types of Hitch
a. Half hitch
 Used to tie a rope to a timber or to a large rope.

b. Two Half
 Especially useful for securing the running end of a rope to the standing part.

c. Sheep Shank
 Method of shortening a roper but you can use it to take the load of a
weak spot in the rope.
d. Clove Hitch
 Used to fasten a rope to a piece of timber, pipe or post.
e. Round turn and Two Half-Hitches
 can be tied under load
f. Timber Hitch
 To move heavy timber or poles.

g. Timber Hitch and Half-Hitch

 one combined to hold heavy timber or poles when they are
being lifted or dragged.

Round turn and Two Half-Hitches

Timber Hitch

Sheep shank Hitch Clove Hitch

HIGHWAY MAN’S
HITCH

The Highwayman's hitch is a quick-release

draw hitch used for temporarily securing a load that will
need to be released easily and cleanly.
JUNGLE MOUNTAINERRING
Jungle
An area located in the humid tropics, wherein the land is covered with
such dense growth of trees or other types of associated vegetation that
impede military operations and tends to obstruct lines of
communication.

Mountain
Landform higher than 500 or 600 meters and characterized by steep
slopes. Mountains may consist of isolated peak, single ridge or complex
of ranges, extending for several kilometers.
RAPPEL

  To go down a very steep slope by holding on to a rope

that is fastened to the top of the slope: She rappelled
down the rock face.

 A descent of a vertical surface, as a cliff or wall,

by sliding down a belayed rope that is passed under
one thigh and over the ...
 TYPES OF RAPPEL
SIT HIP RAPPEL RUNDOWN RAPPEL

LIZARD RAPPEL HELI RAPPEL

RAPPELLINNG EQUIPMENTS

CORE STRENGTH
Kernmantle - Kernmantle rope consists of twisted parallel
fibers (the kern) surrounded by a tightly braided sheath
(the mantle). The core fibers provide the majority (about
70%) of the rope's strength.

MINIMUM BREAKINGSTRENGTH
KERNMANTLE
STATIC ROPE Minimum breaking: 4500 pounds for a one-
person rope. 9000 pounds for a two-
person rope. Rope Strength
Figure of 8 Rappelling Helmet

Rappelling gloves
 NTATION
F PRESE
END O

THANK
YOU…’’’
GODBLESS