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    IP Addressing

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    Rolinn Sico
    IP addressing assigns each device a unique IP address to identify and communicate with other devices on the network. An IP address consists of 32 binary bits grouped into four octets written in dotted decimal notation for human readability. The IP address identifies both the network and specific device or host, with the first parts of the address indicating the network and the last part identifying the host. Different IP address classes are used for networks of varying sizes.

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    IP Addressing

    Uploaded by

    Rolinn Sico
    31 views9 pages
    IP addressing assigns each device a unique IP address to identify and communicate with other devices on the network. An IP address consists of 32 binary bits grouped into four octets written in dotted decimal notation for human readability. The IP address identifies both the network and specific device or host, with the first parts of the address indicating the network and the last part identifying the host. Different IP address classes are used for networks of varying sizes.

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    IP addressing

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    IP addressing assigns each device a unique IP address to identify and communicate with other devices on the network. An IP address consists of 32 binary bits grouped into four octets written in dotted decimal notation for human readability. The IP address identifies both the network and specific device or host, with the first parts of the address indicating the network and the last part identifying the host. Different IP address classes are used for networks of varying sizes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    31 views9 pages

    IP Addressing

    Uploaded by

    Rolinn Sico
    IP addressing assigns each device a unique IP address to identify and communicate with other devices on the network. An IP address consists of 32 binary bits grouped into four octets written in dotted decimal notation for human readability. The IP address identifies both the network and specific device or host, with the first parts of the address indicating the network and the last part identifying the host. Different IP address classes are used for networks of varying sizes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

     

    IP Addressing
    An IP address is a number that is used to identify a device
    on the network. Each device on a network must have a unique
    IP address to communicate with other network devices.
    Network devices are those that move data across the network,
    including hubs, switches, and routers. On a LAN, each host
    (device that sends or receives information on the network) and
    network device must have an IP address within the same
    network to be able to communicate with each other.
    A person’s name and fingerprints usually do not change.
    They provide a label or address for the person’s physical
    aspect—the body. A person’s mailing address, on the other
    hand, relates to where the person lives or picks up mail. This
    address can change. On a host, the Media Access Control
    (MAC) address is assigned to the host Network Interface Card
    (NIC) and is known as the physical address. The physical
    address remains the same regardless of where the host is
    placed on the network in the same way that fingerprints
    remain with someone regardless of where he or she goes.
    An IP address consists of a series of 32 binary bits
    (1s and 0s). It is very difficult for humans to read a
    binary IP address. For this reason, the 32 bits are
    grouped into four 8-bit bytes called octets. An IP
    address, even in this grouped format, is hard for
    humans to read, write, and remember. Therefore, each
    octet is presented as its decimal value, separated by a
    decimal point or period. This format is called dotted-
    decimal notation. When a host is configured with an IP
    address, it is entered as a dotted-decimal number, such
    Imagine if you had to enter the 32-bit binary equivalent of this:
    11000000101010000000000100000101. If you mistyped just 1 bit, the
    address would be different, and the host may not be able to communicate
    on the network. The logical 32-bit IP address is hierarchical and is
    composed of two parts. The first part identifies the network, and the
    second part identifies a host on that network. Both parts are required in
    an IP address. For example, if a host has an IP address of
    192.168.18.57, the first three octets, 192.168.18, identify the network
    portion of the address, and the last octet, 57, identifies the host. This is
    called hierarchical addressing, because the network portion indicates the
    network on which each unique host address is located. Routers only
    need to know how to reach each network, not the location of each
    individual host.
    Five Classes of IP Address
    IP Classes Purpose
    Class A Used for large networks, implemented by large companies and some
    countries

    Class B Used for medium-sized networks, implemented by universities

    Class C Used for small networks, implemented by ISPs for customer


    subscriptions

    Class D Used for special use for multicasting


    Class E Used for experimental testing
    Subnet Mask
    The subnet mask indicates the
    network portion of an IP address.
    Like the IP address, the subnet
    mask is a dotted-decimal number.
    Usually all hosts within a LAN use
    the same subnet mask.
     255.0.0.0: Class A, which indicates that the first
    octet of the IP address is the network portion
     255.255.0.0: Class B, which indicates that the
    first two octets of the IP address are the network
    portion
     255.255.255.0: Class C, which indicates that
    the first three octets of the IP address are the
    network portion
     
    Default Subnet Masks for Usable IP Addresses
    Class A Network Host
    Octet 1 2 3 4

    Class B Network Host


    Octet 1 2 3 4

    Class C Network Host

    Octet 1 2 3 4
    Class D addresses are used for
    multicast groups. There is no need to
    allocate octet or bits to separate
    network and host addresses. Class E
    addresses are reserved for research
    use only.
     

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