Breast Feeding
Breast Feeding
Breast Feeding
OME
BREAST FEEDING
INTRODUCTION
Forty thousand children die each day (28 every minute) in developing
countries, the victims of malnutrition and frequent illnesses made worse
by malnutrition. In many developing areas, 25% of all children die before
reaching their fifth birthday.
In the last few years, it has become clear that seven simple techniques
can be effective in saving millions of these children’s lives.
1. PROLACTIN REFLEX
When a baby suckles, the level of prolactin in the blood increases, and stimulates
The prolactin level is highest about 30 minutes after the beginning of the feed, so its
During the first few weeks, the more a baby suckles and stimulates the nipple, the
established.
2. OXYTOCIN REFLEX
The oxytocin reflex is also sometimes called the “letdown reflex” or the “milk
It makes the milk that is already in the breast flow for the current feed, and helps
The reflex becomes conditioned to the mother's sensations and feelings, such as
touching, smelling or seeing her baby, or hearing her baby cry, or thinking lovingly
about him or her. If a mother is in severe pain or emotionally upset, the oxytocin
reflex may become inhibited, and her milk may suddenly stop flowing well.
Oxytocin makes a mother's uterus contract after delivery and helps to reduce
bleeding. The contractions can cause severe uterine pain when a baby suckles
4. Ensure that baby gets both fore milk and hind milk by finishing one
breast at a time.
7. Ensure that the baby gets night feeds as it is essential for the growth.
TYPES OF BREAST MILK.
1) Colostrum
It is the first stage of breast milk. It occurs during pregnancy and
lasts for several days after the birth of the baby. It is either yellowish
or creamy in color. It is also much thicker than the milk that is
produced later in breastfeeding.
Colostrum is high in protein, fat-soluble vitamins, minerals, and
immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulins are antibodies that pass from
the mother to the baby and provide passive immunity for the baby.
Passive immunity protects the baby from a wide variety of bacterial
and viral illnesses. Two to four days after birth, colostrum will be
replaced by transitional milk.
2. Transitional milk occurs after colostrum and
lasts for approximately two weeks. The
content of transitional milk includes high
levels of fat, lactose, and water-soluble
vitamins. It contains more calories than
colostrum.
3. Mature milk is the final milk that is produced. 90% of it is
water, which is necessary to keep your infant hydrated.
The other 10% is comprised of carbohydrates, proteins,
and fats which are necessary for both growth and energy.
“CALM” baby
Chin touching mothers breast
Areola in the mouth
Lower lip turned outward
Mouth wide open
SIGNS OF POOR ATTACHMENT
lower lips.
You feel nipple pain.
FEEDING PROBLEMS
TREATING FEEDING
PROBLEMS
If the mother reports pain or difficulty while feeding.
Examine breast & nipple and look for:
Sore/cracked nipple Treatment of sore nipple:
Blocked duct Apply hind breast milk for soothing- rich in fat
Mastitis & antibodies.
Retracted nipple. Ensure correct positioning.
If severe discomfort feed EBM with cup and
spoon till nipple is less sore.
Breast engorgement Express a little milk to make the breast soft and
then put the infant to mother's breast.
Safe warm compress may help.
Cont….
Blocked duct Teach correct feeding techniques after expression
of a little milk.