Unit 3 Sectioning Theory
Unit 3 Sectioning Theory
Unit 3 Sectioning Theory
Before sectioning
.
The view obtained after cutting the object in
order to reveal inner details by imaginary cutting
plane is called sectional view. CP is assumed to
be parallel to the plane on which the view is
projected
SECTIONING:-
PURPOSE OF SECTIONING:-
To clarify the view and to show inner detail clearly by eliminating the
hidden lines.
SECTION LINES:-
These lines are used to represent the area of the object cut by the
cutting plane in a sectioned view. These are also called as hatching.
These lines are parallel to each other, equidistant & inclined at 45 deg
to horizontal.
TYPES OF SECTIONAL VIEWS:-
Cutting
plane Cutting plane line
Section lines
CUTTING PLANE LINE
Cutting plane line is an edge view of the cutting
plane used to indicate where imaginary cutting of
object has taken place
Section
lines
Drawn with thin lines.
Various cutting planes or section planes
.
Cutting plane Parallel to profile plane.
Cutting plane Parallel to Principal vertical
plane
Cutting plane Parallel to Principal
vertical plane
When an object is cut by a plane
parallel to
Principal vertical plane then:
The real or true shape of the section is
observed
in F.V.
Section plane will be seen as a
cutting plane line
in T.V
Cutting plane Parallel to Principal horizontal
plane.
Cutting plane Parallel to Principal horizontal plane
When an object is cut by a plane parallel to
Principal
horizontal plane then:
The real or true shape of the section is observed
in T.V.
Section plane will be seen as a cutting plane line
in F.V.
CUTTING PLANE LINESTYLES
Cutting plane lines are thick
(0.7 mm) dashed lines, that
extend past the edge of the
object 6 mm and have line
segments at each end drawn
at 90 degrees and
terminated with arrows.
Thin line
Viewing
direction
Line B-B is composed of alternating long and two short dashes,
which is one of the two standard methods.
The length of the long dashes varies according to the size of the
drawing, and is approximately 20 to 40 mm.
For a very large section view drawing, the long dashes are made
very long to save drawing time. The short dashes are
approximately 3 mm long. The open space between
the lines is approximately 1.5 mm. Capital letters are placed at
each end of the cutting plane line, for clarity or when more than
one cutting plane is used on a drawing.
The method used for cutting plane
lines is shown by line C-C, which is
composed of equal-length dashed lines.
Each dash is approximately 6 mm long,
with a 1.5 mm space
between.
SECTION LINES SYMBOLS
The section lines are different for each of
material’s type.
For practical purpose, the cast iron symbol is
used most often for any materials.
COMMON MISTAKE
SECTION LINES SYMBOLS
Materials – Common
materials
The symbol for cast
iron can be used for
most section views.
Refer to any common
drafting text for
additional symbols
SECTION LINING
COMMON MISTAKE
Sectioning rule for machine elements like :
Ribs, rivets, webs, shafts, pins, nuts, bolts,
washers, keys and cotter.
Whenever, the cutting plane is passing through
above machine elements and if cutting plane
contains the axis of above machine elements,
then they are not sectioned.
TREATMENT OF HIDDEN LINES
Hidden lines are normally omitted from section
views.
Kinds of Sections
KIND OF SECTIONS
1. Full section
2. Offset section
3. Half section
FULL SECTION VIEW
The view is made by passing the straight cutting
plane completely through the part.
OFFSET SECTION VIEW