Text Types

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TEXT
TYPES
Text types in literature form the
basic styles of writing. There are
four text types: narrative/
explanation, expository, recount,
and persuasive.
TEXT Narrative
TYPES Expository
Recount
Persuasive
Fairy tales Fables
The main purpose of a narrative Novels Myths

is to tell a story, which is usually
Science
based on the personal Fiction
Legends
experiences of the writer. A
Horror
narrative makes use of vivid Articles
Stories
descriptions and sensory details
and makes use of the different Adventure Newspaper
Stories Reports
elements of a story.
The Legend of Rainbow
A long time ago, there was a farmer. He had a
small farm. One day he found that a wall which he had
built on previous days was getting knocked down. The
farmer did not know who or what made it. Because he
felt tired of this happening, the farmer decided to catch
who should be responsible.
One evening, while the farmer was in guard he heard something
strange near that wall, then he ran to find out who or what it was. It
surprised him because there were three star maidens there. When they
saw the farmer was approaching, they tried to escape. Two of the star
maidens ran and escaped but one of them was left behind.
The farmer then caught the star maiden. She was beautiful and soon
the farmer fell in love with her. Because he was afraid that the star
maiden would run away, the farmer hid her magical wings so she could
not fly anymore. The farmer and the star maiden got married.
Time went by they live together and got a beautiful
baby boy. They lived happily for a long time, until one day,
the star maiden found her magical wings near their house.
She wore her wings back and flew with her son next to her.
The farmer was alone and heart broken.
The gods saw the tears of the farmer. They felt pity of
him so they decided to build a bridge of different colors for
him to climb to the sky and see his son and wife.
News articles
The main purpose of an
expository text is to explain or Informational books
to inform. Its details are based
on facts and it requires clear Instruction manuals
and accurate discussion of a
topic. Some expository may
also provide steps or Textbooks
procedures.
This sample expository essay from Thoughtful Learning relies heavily
on facts and statistics to explain the important concept of cheating.
"Did you know that 7 out of 10 students have cheated at least

once in the past year? Did you know that 50 percent of those
students have cheated more than twice? These shocking statistics
are from a survey of 9,000 U.S. high school students. Incredibly,
teachers may even be encouraging their students to cheat! Last
year at a school in Detroit, teachers allegedly provided their
students with answers to statewide standard tests."
Factual Recount
It is a narration of
what happened in Personal Recount
the past.
It is a narration of details or Factual Recount
facts on a particular event,
which was not necessarily
experienced by the speaker or
the writer himself or herself. It
involves indirect speeches for
reporting.
describes events that the
speaker or writer Personal Recount
personally experienced.
They are about personal experiences,
biographies, and historical events. The Factual Recount
social function recount text is to show what
happened. It is to retell events for the
purpose of informing and entertaining Personal Recount
readers. Because of retelling the past
events, language features of recount text is
mostly written in past tenses which cover
simple past tense, past continuous tense,
and past perfect tense
Recount Text in Historical Event about General Offensive of 1
March
General Offensive of 1 March was one of the most historical moments
for Indonesia. The Dutch started a military offensive on 19 December 1948
to Indonesia as the result of failed negotiations with the republic. 19
December 1948, the Dutch army entered Jogjakarta, which was the
temporary capital of the republic. By the end of December, almost all cities
in Sumatra and Java were conquered by the Dutch. All ministers, president
and vice president were captured and exiled to Bangka Island. However, the
republican military in Jogjakarta and Surakarta refused to give up. They
continued to wage a guerilla war.
Hamengkubuwono IX, the sultan of Jogjakarta planned a
major offensive against the Dutch army in the city of Jogjakarta.
The attack was aimed to show to the world that the republic still
existed and did not surrender under the Dutch. General
Sudirman, the leader of Indonesian army accepted the idea. In
February, Sultan held a meeting with Lieutenant Colonel
Suharto in Jogjakarta. He was the man who was appointed by
Sudirman to lead the attack.
On 1 March 1949, at 6 am, the republican troops
led by Suharto launched the general offensive. The
Dutch surprised and they were not ready to face such
massive attack. For 6 hours, Jogjakarta was controlled
by the Indonesia army. The attack brought a huge
success because the world finally knew that the
republic was still existed.”
The goal of persuasive text is to convince
its readers to take the speaker or writer’s Advertisement
position. Since its purpose is to convince,
it is important for a persuasive text to
discuss the points that are effective Newspaper Column
enough for the readers to believe in
whatever the text is suggesting. “Green at
Heart” is an example of a personal essay,
whose purpose is to persuade.
Book Review of Pride & Prejudice Excerpt
“Upon first cracking the old worn cover of this historical
fiction, I began to wonder what I’d gotten myself into.
Beyond just being a great classic, Pride and Prejudice gives
us a look into history. It tells us about the hierarchy of the
time and exactly where women stood. But it did more than
that. Within her first few words, Austen works to suck you
into a world much different than your own.”
“We do not dare to classify or compare ourselves
with some who commend themselves. When they
measure themselves by themselves and compare
themselves with themselves, they are not wise.”
-2 Corinthians 10:12

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LET’S

The main purpose of a narrative Novels Myths

"Did you know that 7 out of 10 students have cheated at least

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