WBCs Chap 2
WBCs Chap 2
WBCs Chap 2
• After a few hours, they pass out of the blood back into
the tissues by diapedesis and then return to the blood
again
• This action is caused at least partly by the fact that many mast
cells and basophils participate in allergic reactions.
• Microglia in brain
• Macrophages of the Spleen and Bone Marrow. The trabeculae of the red
pulp are lined with vast numbers of macrophages, and the venous sinuses
are also lined with macrophages.
• This peculiar passage of blood through the cords of the red pulp provides
an exceptional means of phagocytizing unwanted debris in the blood,
including especially old and abnormal red blood cells.
Microglia in brain
Spleen
Macrophages of the Spleen
Inflammation
• When tissue injury occurs, whether caused by
bacteria, trauma, chemicals, heat, or any
other phenomenon, multiple substances are
released by the injured tissues and cause
dramatic secondary changes in the
surrounding uninjured tissues.
• This entire complex of tissue changes is called
inflammation.
Inflammation is characterized by
1. Vasodilation of the local blood vessels, with consequent excess local
blood flow
• This makes even more neutrophils available to the inflamed tissue area.
Feedback Control of the Macrophage
and Neutrophil Responses
• The following five factors are believed to play dominant roles in
control of the macrophage response to inflammation.
•
Causes of leukopenia
• Irradiation of the body by x-rays or gamma
rays
• exposure to drugs and chemicals that contain
benzene or anthracene nuclei, is likely to
cause aplasia of the bone marrow.
• some common drugs such as chloramphenicol
(an antibiotic),
• thiouracil (used to treat thyrotoxicosis),
• Spread to the spleen, lymph nodes, liver, and other vascular regions