Distinguish Facts From Speculations, Conclusion From Opinion

DISTINGUISH FACTS FROM SPECULATIONS,
CONCLUSION FROM OPINION, FANTASY FROM

REALITY AND TRUTH FROM FALSEHOOD
 Students learn how to read critically.
 According to Burns, et al., critical reading
is evaluating written material and
comparing the ideas discovered in the
INTRODUCT material with known standards to draw
ION conclusions (Burns, 2009).
 This critical reading allows students to use
higher order thinking skills and to apply
them to information presented within the
text
 A fact can be defined as something said to have
happened or supposed to true.
 A fact is verifiable. We can determine whether
it is true by researching the evidence. This may
FACT
involve numbers, dates, testimony, etc. (Ex.:
"World War II ended in 1945.") The truth of the
fact is beyond argument if one can assume that
measuring devices or records or memories are
correct. Facts provide crucial support for the
assertion of an argument.
PROVEN FACT
 These are facts which are proved and accepted as
true by everyone.
PROBABLE FACT
 These are statements which it seems reasonable to
believe are true, but you are not able to prove
THREE KINDS yourself, either because you do not have access to the
OF FACT information or because you do not have time to dig for

proof (but not because you are too lazy to check).
PROBABLE LIES
 People occasionally make statements which seem on
the surface to be untrue, but which might just be true.
 You can pinpoint speculations when people state something and
then say they believe this to be true even though there is no
concrete evidence that supports their speculation. They have
their reasons, of course, and these reasons sometimes do make
their speculations seem plausible if not real. Of course, some
SPECULATI speculations lead to finding out a verifiable fact that others can
also test out to be true.
ON Other examples of speculations are these:
 The sky is blue because it reflects the color of the oceans.
 Dogs have different languages too depending on which
country they are from.
 LEDs and fireflies light up using the same process.
 Conclusions are logical derivations
from the facts
 The outcome or the result of a
CONCLUSI process or act
ON  Conclusion is an experiment, or
something from which a conclusion
may be drawn.
 An opinion is a judgment based on facts,
an honest attempt to draw a reasonable
conclusion from factual evidence.
OPINION  An opinion is potentially changeable--

depending on how the evidence is
interpreted.
VERIFIABLE OPINION
 These are conclusions which can be verified (shown to
be true) or shown to be false.
EXPERT OPINION
Experts can give their opinion on an issue, based on
their special knowledge of the facts. A pathologist gives an
CATEGORIES expert opinion when she tells an inquest that she believes a person was
killed before being thrown in a river. She has examined the body and
OF OPINION found very little water in the lungs. Unless there is proof of what
happened, this must remain an opinion and be attributed to the
pathologist. The opinion may later be verified when the killer confesses
and describes what happened.
PERSONAL OPINION
Personal opinions are the conclusions someone reaches
based partly on facts and partly on what they already
believe.
 Fantasy is a genre of fiction, it
commonly uses magic and other
supernatural phenomena as a primary
element of plot, setting or theme.
 A fantasy is an idea with no basis in
FANTASY
reality and is basically your imagination
unrestricted by reality.
 It is actually an imagination.
 Reality is the state of things as they
exist. It’s what you see, hear and
experience.
REALITY  It is the state or quality of having

existence or substance
 Reality means it can happen in real
life.
 Truth is the property of being in accord with
fact or reality. In everyday language, truth
is typically ascribed to things that aim to
represent reality or otherwise correspond
TRUTH to it, such as beliefs, propositions, and
declarative sentences.
 Truth is usually held to be the opposite of
falsehood.
 A falsehood is a statement that
distorts or suppresses the truth, in
order to deceive: to tell
a falsehood about one's ancestry in
order to gain acceptance.
FALSEHOOD
 It is an untrue statement
 The Latin root is falsus, "deceived or
erroneous."

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What are the three kinds of facts discussed in the document?

What is the difference between a conclusion and an opinion according to the document?

DISTINGUISH FACTS FROM SPECULATIONS,

CONCLUSION FROM OPINION, FANTASY FROM

OF FACT information or because you do not have time to dig for

OPINION  An opinion is potentially changeable--

REALITY  It is the state or quality of having

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