Class 3 - How To Read An Academic Article

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GEHP111 – Happiness and

Wellbeing

CLASS 3 – HOW TO READ AND SUMMARISE AN


ACADEMIC ARTICLE
Assignment 1: summary of an article about
a PPI (10%)

Students will choose one Positive Psychology Intervention (PPI) and write a summary of a peer reviewed
article about it.

Your summary should be a maximum two paragraphs in length (300 words)

Deadline for submission: 11th September

Where to submit? Blackboard

Here is a link to a list of positive psychology interventions which will help you choose one ot research:
https://positivepsychology.com/positive-psychology-interventions/
Where to find relevant literature

UAEU library

Library electronic databases (JSTOR, SAGE journals, Ebook


Central, SCOPUS, Web of Science, etc.)

Google scholar database


How to find relevant literature

 Identify key words related to your topic


 Use these terms to search databases
 Skim through the abstracts of the
articles/books that they turn up and
identify those most relevant to your
research question
 Only use proper academic sources (not
newspaper articles/blogs etc.)
Every scientific article is the same:

 Can be a review or a study.

 A review is an overview of the field as a whole or some topic within it


(drawing on and summarizing a variety of original research studies)

 A study or research article presents the results of empirical research


Format of journal articles

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6nkChtK-kCM
A study has…

1. Abstract – Idea of the article


2. Introduction: Problem/goal setting
3. Literature Review: What everybody wrote on the topic
up to now. Tells us why this topic is of interest and how
we got to this point.
4. Hypothesis/Research Goals: The research question
being investigated. Usually at end of literature review in
last paragraph.
A study has…

5. Method/Research Design: How they got the data from people. Many types described below:
 Descriptive Designs: Interview, case study, naturalistic observation. Used when we don’t
know much about a topic or can’t get information any other way.
 Correlational Designs: we know what factors are involved but unsure how they influence
one another. Surveys. E.g., what is relationship between happiness and sleep? Sleep doesn’t
CAUSE happiness, but they are related. There are positive, negative and no correlations.
 Experimental Designs: tough to do and not all research questions can be answered this way.
We are looking for what CAUSED what. E.g., does having money cause happiness?
 Longitudinal and Cross-sectional designs: we follow people over time to see how they
change, or shortcut and ask range of people of different ages. E.g., how do optimists’
happiness levels change over parenting years?
A study has…

6. Results: All the complicated numbers, graphs and charts.


Unless you’re in statistics class, you can skip this.
7. Discussion/Conclusions: What do the results mean in plain
English? If you read ANYTHING, this is it. You can’t skip it.
8. Future Directions and Limitations: What we did wrong
and what we’d do differently in the future
9. Reference list
Writing academic summaries

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGWO1ldEhtQ
How to do a summary of an empirical
study?

 A summary should be a story, not just a list of bullet points


 You need to cover the following points:
 What was the purpose of the study? What were they trying to
discover/understand/find out? [you’ll find this in the Introduction]
 What did they do? [you’ll find this in the Methodology]
 What did they find? [you’ll find this in the Discussion/Conclusion]
 Why should we care? Why is it important? [you’ll find this in the
Discussion/Conclusion]
How to do a summary of an empirical
study?

 Read the abstract first to get a sense of the main points of the
articles
 Then read the Introduction [to understand the purpose of the study,
and the hypotheses they were trying to test]
 Then read the Discussion/Conclusion [to get a summary of what
they found out and why this matters]
 Turn to the Methodology and Results for more information
 Highlight key points as you read
 Paraphrase them in your own words in your summary

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