MUAAZ

CHILDREN
PROTECTION DAY
MUAAZ SIKANDAR
ALTAMIMI BACHELOR CLINICAL UNIVERSITY
6TH SEMESTER
INTRODUCTION
Children's Protection Day, understanding epidemiology can
help protect children's health by identifying and preventing
the spread of diseases that can harm them.
By applying epidemiological principles and evidence-based
strategies, child health can be protected, and interventions
can be tailored to reduce the burden of diseases and
promote the well-being of children.
MOST COMMON DISEASE
02
01 GENETIC
ONCOLOGY DISEASE
Study and treatment of is the health problem cause
tumors by one or more
abnormalities in the
03 genome.
HEART o4
DISEASE HEMATOLOGY
a type of disease that affects is the study of blood and
the heart and blood vesssels . blood disorders .
01 ONCOLOGY
Oncology refers to cancer .Most common
cancer occuring in childrean are as follows:
1.Bone Cancer
2.Lymphoma
3.Retinoblastoma
BONE CANCER
Bone cancer refers to the presence of
malignant tumors that originate in the
bones. These tumors can be either
primary bone cancers, which start in
the bones themselves, or secondary
bone cancers, which occur when
cancer cells from other parts of the
body spread (metastasize) to the
bones.
SYMTOMS , DIAGNOSIS AND
TREATMENT
SYMPTPOMS: DIAGNOSIS: TREATMENT:
• BONE PAIN • X RAY • CHEMOTHERAPY
• SWELLING • CT SCAN • RADIOTHERAPY
• FRATURES • MRI • SURGERY
WITHOUT • BONE BIOPSY
TRAUMA
• FATIGUE
• WIGHT LOSS
CHEMOTHERAPY:
Chemotherapy is given directly into a vein. This is
known as intravenous chemotherapy. This usually
involves medicine being given slowly from a bag of
fluid that's attached with a tube to one of your
veins.
Drugs involve in chemotherapy are :

• Methotrexate
• Bleomycin
• Etoposide
02 .GENETIC DISAESE
A genetic disease in pediatrics refers to a disorder
that is caused by abnormalities or mutations in the
genes inherited from parents. These diseases are
typically present at birth or manifest during childhood
and are caused by variations in the DNA sequence of
an individual's genes.
Genetic diseases can affect various aspects of a

child's health, including physical development, organ
function, metabolism, and overall well-being
DOWN SYNDROME
Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy
21, is a genetic disorder that occurs when
an individual has an extra copy of
chromosome 21.
It is one of the most common genetic
disorders in pediatrics,
SYMPTOMS , DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
● SYMTOMS: • DIAGNOSIS: TREATMENT:

● A short neck. • Amniocentesis • Physical or
● Small ears. • Chorionic occupational
● Small hands and villus sampling therapy.
feet (CVS) • Speech therapy.
● Almond-shaped • ultrasound • Treating any
eyes that slant underlying medical
up. conditions.
• Wearing glasses
03.HEMATOLOGY
Hematology diseases in pediatrics refer to

disorders that affect the blood and blood-
forming tissues in children. These diseases
can affect various components of the blood,
including red blood cells, white blood cells,
platelets, and plasma.
THALASSEMIA
Thalassemia is an inherited (i.e., passed from
parents to children through genes) blood disorder
caused when the body doesn't make enough of a
protein called hemoglobin, an important part of red
blood cells.
SYMPTOMS:
• Fatigue.
• Weakness.
• Pale or yellowish skin.
• Facial bone deformities
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
DIAGNOSIS :
Blood tests, including a complete blood count (CBC) and
special hemoglobin tests.
TREATMENT:
• Folic Acid Supplementation. ...
• Iron chelation. This involves removing excess iron from
the bloodstream. ...
• Blood transfusion.
• Thalassemia patient major may need 8 to 12 transfusions
a year.
04. HEART DEFFECTS
Pediatric heart disease refers to a broad range of heart
conditions that affect children, including congenital heart
defects and acquired heart diseases.
ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECT:
a birth defect of the heart in which there is a hole in

the wall (septum) that divides the upper chambers
(atria) of the heart.
SYMOTOMS ,DIAGNOSIS,
TREATMENT
SYMPTOMS:
• Skipped DIAGNOSIS: TREATMENT:
• ECG • Open Heart
heartbeats
• ECHO Surgery
• Shortness of
• X ray • Catherizati
breath
• Murmur on
• Difficulty
sounds
breathing.
• Frequent
respiratory or
lung infections
THANK YOU FOR
YOUR
ATTENTION

MUAAZ

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CHILDREN

Drugs involve in chemotherapy are :

Genetic diseases can affect various aspects of a

● SYMTOMS: • DIAGNOSIS: TREATMENT:

Hematology diseases in pediatrics refer to

a birth defect of the heart in which there is a hole in

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