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    Victimology

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    Allain Randy Bulilan
    Victimology is the scientific study of victimization, the relationships between victims and offenders, and the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system. It aims to better understand and prevent crime, challenge societies to help victims recover, and foster cooperation between governments and communities. The World Society of Victimology, founded in 1979, helped develop the UN Declaration on the Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power. Victimology seeks to understand victims independently of offenders, and does not blame victims for their own victimization.

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    Victimology

    Uploaded by

    Allain Randy Bulilan
    23 views13 pages
    Victimology is the scientific study of victimization, the relationships between victims and offenders, and the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system. It aims to better understand and prevent crime, challenge societies to help victims recover, and foster cooperation between governments and communities. The World Society of Victimology, founded in 1979, helped develop the UN Declaration on the Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power. Victimology seeks to understand victims independently of offenders, and does not blame victims for their own victimization.

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    Victimology is the scientific study of victimization, the relationships between victims and offenders, and the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system. It aims to better understand and prevent crime, challenge societies to help victims recover, and foster cooperation between governments and communities. The World Society of Victimology, founded in 1979, helped develop the UN Declaration on the Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power. Victimology seeks to understand victims independently of offenders, and does not blame victims for their own victimization.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    23 views13 pages

    Victimology

    Uploaded by

    Allain Randy Bulilan
    Victimology is the scientific study of victimization, the relationships between victims and offenders, and the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system. It aims to better understand and prevent crime, challenge societies to help victims recover, and foster cooperation between governments and communities. The World Society of Victimology, founded in 1979, helped develop the UN Declaration on the Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power. Victimology seeks to understand victims independently of offenders, and does not blame victims for their own victimization.

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    VICTIMOLOGY

    What is Victimology?
    The study of the ways in which the behaviour of crime victims may have
    led to or contributed to their victimization. (Mirriam – Webster
    Dictionary)

    Independent study of relationships / interactions between offender and


    the victim C.S. Shaferm author: Victim and His Criminal (1968)

    Scientific study of the extent, nature and causes of criminal /


    victimization, its consequences to persons involved and the reactions
    thereto by society and criminal / justice system (World Society of
    Victimology (WSM) founded by criminologists Schneider and Drapkin
    in 1979)
    WORLD SOCIETY OF VICTIMOLOGY
    (WSV)
    Instrumental in the development and subsequent adaption of the
    “Declaration On the Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime
    and Abuse of Power” of the United Nations.

    An offshoot of the global development of victimology as a discipline or


    field of research.
    Who is a
    Crime Victim?
    Refers to any person,
    group or entity who
    has suffered
    injury/loss due to
    illegal/activity
    VICTIM

    Is derived from the Latin word “victima” which means literally “a well-
    grown beast” but later came to mean a person or animal / killed or
    sacrificed to God/Gods, a person injured / destroyed by another person.

    Means persons, who individually or collectively have suffered harm


    including physical or mental injury, emotional suffering, economic loss
    through acts or omissions that are in violation of criminal laws (United
    Nations Declaration)
    Click icon to add picture
    The ANATOMY OF CRIME
    (Elements or Ingredients of Crime)

    S
    IE
    OP
    IT
    CRIME

    AL

    PO
    Is an act or omission,

    NT

    RT
    in violation of public

    ME

    UN
    law, forbidding or
    commanding it.
    RU
    CRIME

    IT
    (Bouviers Law

    IE
    ST
    Dictionary)

    S
    IN

    MOTIVE
    MOTIVE

    Refers to the reason / cause why a person commits a crime .

    Example:
    Dispute
    Jealousy
    Revenge Insanity
    Intoxication
    Drug Addiction (Physical Injury or
    Homicide)
    Economic Gain (Theft or Robbery) and many
    others
    INSTRUMENTALITY

    Means or implement in the commission of crime.

    Example:
    Firearms
    Bolo
    Knife
    Crow Bar
    Motor Vehicles
    Poisonous Substance
    OPPORTUNITY
    Consists of the acts of omission or commission by a person (the victim) which
    enables another person (criminal) to perpetrate the crime.
    Example:
    Leaving one’s home unattended for a long period of time
    Unlocked Doors / Windows
    Walking alone in a well-known crime prone alleys
    (streets)
    Wearing expensive jewelleries in crowded areas
    Flashing a lot of money openly in the public
    CRIMINAL FORMULA

    C= T + S
    Where: R
    C Crime / Criminal Behaviour (The Act)

    T Criminal Tendency (Desire / Intent)

    S Total Situation (Opportunity)

    R Resistance to Temptation (Control)


    The formula shows that a persons criminal
    tendency and his resistance to them may
    either result in criminal act depending upon
    which of them is STRONGER. This means
    that, a crime / criminal behaviour exist when
    the person’s resistance is insufficient to
    withstand the pressure of his desire or intent
    and the opportunity.
    Is Victimology a sort of Victim-
    blaming in the causation of Crime?
    According to Criminologist Steven Schafer “
    No! Victimology is an independent study of
    RELATIONSHIP / INTERACTIONS between the
    offender and the victim.”
    As a field of scientific endeavour, Victimology took off as
    a separate discipline round in 1970

    Pioneered by German criminologist Von Hentig and


    criminal law scholar Benjamin Mendelshon
    They are known as the ”Fathers of Victimology

    Mendelshon coined the word “Victimology”


    UNDERSTANDING: CRIMINOLOGY
    BETWEEN VICTIMOLOGY
    - A body of knowledge regarding, CRIME and
    CRIMINALS as a social phenomena. (edwin
    Sutherland)
    CRIMINOLOGY - Aims to understand the criminals’ motives and the
    underlying causes of crimes
    - Look at every conceivable of deviant behaviour
    such as the impacts of crime on individual victims
    and their families, society at large and even
    criminals.
    - Focus on helping victims heal after a crime
    - Concerned with fostering recovery of victims
    VICTIMOLOGY - Seeks better prevention of crime
    - Challenge the society’s cooperation and
    governments indespensable aid not only for justice
    but in social reintegration.

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