Vector and

Two Dimensional Motion

Vektor dan Pergerakan Dua Dimensi

© 2019, University of Cyberjaya. Please do not reproduce, redistribute or share without the prior express permission of the author.
Vector and Two Dimensional Motion
Vektor dan Pergerakan Dua Dimens

© 2019, University of Cyberjaya. Please do not reproduce, redistribute or share without the prior express permission of the author.
 Topic/ Chapter Learning Outcome

• Apply the definitions of scalar and vector to categorize different

physical quantities.
• Use the geometric interpretation of vector addition, subtraction and
multiplication to find the resultant vectors of those operations.
• Represent vectors in terms of magnitude and directions.
• Represent vectors in terms of x and y components.
• Perform arithmetic operations with vectors using their components.
• Describe projectile motion in two dimensions.
• Apply the two-dimensional kinematics equations to motion with
constant acceleration near the surface of the earth.
© 2019, University of Cyberjaya. Please do not reproduce, redistribute or share without the prior express permission of the author.
 Topic and Structure of the lesson

Motion in Two
Dimension

Components
of a vector Displacement,
Velocity and
Acceleration in
Two Dimension
Vectors and their
properties
© 2019, University of Cyberjaya. Please do not reproduce, redistribute or share without the prior express permission of the author.
 Key terms related to the topic

• Vector, Pythagoras
Theorem, Projectile Motion

© 2019, University of Cyberjaya. Please do not reproduce, redistribute or share without the prior express permission of the author.
Topic 3: Motion in Two Dimensions

College Physics, 11e

Raymond A. Serway;
Chris Vuille
 Reading Question 3-1
A book is moved once around the perimeter of a
tabletop with the dimensions 1.0 m × 2.0 m. If the
book ends up at its original position, what is its
displacement and what is the distance it traveled?
1. displacement of 0 m, distance traveled 0 m
2. displacement of 0 m, distance traveled 6 m
3. displacement of 6 m, distance traveled 6 m
4. displacement of 6 m, distance traveled 0 m

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-1
A book is moved once around the perimeter of a
tabletop with the dimensions 1.0 m × 2.0 m. If the
book ends up at its original position, what is its
displacement and what is the distance it traveled?
1. displacement of 0 m, distance traveled 0 m
2. displacement of 0 m, distance traveled 6 m
3. displacement of 6 m, distance traveled 6 m
4. displacement of 6 m, distance traveled 0 m

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-2
A vector lies in the x-y plane. For what orientations
will both components be negative?

1. The vector lies between 180° and 270° from the x-axis.
2. The vector lies between 0° and 90° from the x-axis.
3. The vector lies between 90° and 180° from the x-axis.
4. None. Just like for vector magnitudes, components are
always positive.

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-2
A vector lies in the x-y plane. For what orientations
will both components be negative?

1. The vector lies between 180° and 270° from the x-axis.
2. The vector lies between 0° and 90° from the x-axis.
3. The vector lies between 90° and 180° from the x-axis.
4. None. Just like for vector magnitudes, components are
always positive.

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-3
Which of the following quantities, if any, remain
constant as a projectile moves through its parabolic
trajectory?

(i) speed
1. (i) only
(ii) acceleration
(iii) the horizontal component 2. (ii) and (iii)
of velocity 3. (ii) and (iv)
(iv) the vertical component of 4. all of them
velocity

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-3
Which of the following quantities, if any, remain
constant as a projectile moves through its parabolic
trajectory?

(i) speed
1. (i) only
(ii) acceleration
(iii) the horizontal component 2. (ii) and (iii)
of velocity 3. (ii) and (iv)
(iv) the vertical component of 4. all of them
velocity

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-4
A sailor drops a wrench from the top of a sailboat's
mast while the boat is moving steadily and rapidly in
a straight line. Where will the wrench hit the deck?

1. at the base of the mast

2. behind the mast, along the direction opposite
to the motion of the boat
3. in front of the mast, along the direction of the
motion of the boat
4. impossible to tell

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-4
A sailor drops a wrench from the top of a sailboat's
mast while the boat is moving steadily and rapidly in
a straight line. Where will the wrench hit the deck?

1. at the base of the mast

2. behind the mast, along the direction opposite
to the motion of the boat
3. in front of the mast, along the direction of the
motion of the boat
4. impossible to tell

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-5
As a projectile thrown upward at a non-vertical angle
moves in a parabolic path, at what point along its path
are the velocity and acceleration vectors for the
projectile parallel to each other?
1. at the point just before the projectile lands
2. at the highest point
3. at the launch point
4. nowhere

©Cengage
 Reading Question 3-5
As a projectile thrown upward at a non-vertical angle
moves in a parabolic path, at what point along its path
are the velocity and acceleration vectors for the
projectile parallel to each other?
1. at the point just before the projectile lands
2. at the highest point
3. at the launch point
4. nowhere

©Cengage
 Topic 3: Motion in Two Dimensions

TOPIC DISCUSSION

©Cengage
Displacement in Two Dimensions

r f  ri  r


r  r f  ri SI unit: m
 Displacement in Two Dimensions

x  x f  xi
y  y f  yi

©Cengage
 Velocity in Two Dimensions

 r
v av  SI unit: m/s
t

x y
vav, x  and vav, y 
t t

 r
v  lim
t  0 t

©Cengage
 Velocity in Two Dimensions

 v
a av  SI unit: m/s 2
t

vx vx
aav, x  and aav, y 
t t

 v
a  lim
t  0 t

©Cengage
 Think – Pair – Share
Which of the following objects can’t be accelerating?

1. an object moving with a constant speed

2. an object moving with a constant velocity
3. an object moving with along a curve

©Cengage
 Think – Pair – Share
Consider the following controls in an automobile:
gas pedal, brake, steering wheel. The controls in this
list that cause an acceleration of the car are

1. all three controls.

2. the gas pedal and the brake.
3. only the brake.
4. only the gas pedal.

©Cengage
 Think – Pair – Share
A girl on a bicycle takes 15.0 s to ride half way around
a circular track of radius 10.0 m. What is the girl’s
average speed?
 Think – Pair – Share
A girl on a bicycle takes 15.0 s to ride half way around
a circular track of radius 10.0 m. What is the
magnitude of her average velocity?

©Cengage
 Velocity in Two Dimensions

Path length:
30.0 m + 40.0 m = 70.0 m

70.0 m
Average speed:  3.50 m/s
20.0 s

50.0 m
Average velocity:  2.50 m/s
20.0 s

©Cengage
Two-Dimensional Motion

Projectile motion: horizontal and

vertical motions are independent
 Two-Dimensional Motion

©Cengage
Two-Dimensional Motion
 Two-Dimensional Motion

©Cengage
 Two-Dimensional Motion

©Cengage
v0 x  v0 cos  0 and v0 y  v0 sin  0
 Two-Dimensional Motion
vx  v0 x  ax t v y  v0 y  a y t
1 2 1 2
x  v0 x t  ax t y  v0 y t  a y t
2 2
vx  v0 x  2ax x
2 2
v y  v0 y  2a y y
2 2

v0 x  v0 cos  v0 y  v0 sin 

 vy 
v  vx  v y
2 2
  tan  
1

 vx 
©Cengage
 Two-Dimensional Motion

vx  v0 x  v0 cos  0  constant

x  v0 x t   v0 cos  0  t

v y  v0 sin  0  gt
1 2
y   v0 sin  0  t  gt
2
v y   v0 sin  0   2 g y
2 2

©Cengage
 Two-Dimensional Motion
1. vx is constant

2. ay = –g.

3. vy and y: identical to free-fall

4. Projectile motion: superposition of motions in the

x- and y-directions.

©Cengage
 Think – Pair – Share
Suppose you are carrying a ball and running at
constant speed, and wish to throw the ball and catch it
as it comes back down. You should

1. throw the ball at an angle of about 45° above the

horizontal and maintain the same speed.
2. throw the ball straight up in the air and slow down
to catch it.
3. throw the ball straight up in the air and maintain
the same speed.

©Cengage
 Think – Pair – Share
As a projectile moves in its parabolic path, the
velocity and acceleration vectors are perpendicular
to each other
1. everywhere along the projectile’s path.
2. at the peak of its path.
3. nowhere along its path.
4. not enough information is given.

©Cengage
 Problem-Solving Strategy:
Projectile Motion
1. Sketch projectile path

2. Resolve v0 into components

3. Treat horizontal and vertical motion separately

4. Horizontal motion: constant velocity

5. Vertical motion: constant acceleration

©Cengage
 Example 1

©Cengage
 Example 2

©Cengage
 Example 3

©Cengage
Relative Velocity

rAB  rAE  rBE


v AB  v AE  v BE
 Problem-Solving Strategy:
Relative Velocity

1. Label objects

2. Write relative velocities

3. Write an equation similar to:.


v AB  v AE  v BE
4. Solve for the two unknown components

©Cengage
 Assessing to Learn
Consider the following situations:
· a car slowing down at a stop sign
· a ball being swung in a circle at constant speed
· a vibrating string
· the Moon orbiting the Earth
· a skydiver falling at terminal speed
· an astronaut in an orbiting space station
· a ball rolling down a hill
· a person driving down a straight section of highway at

constant speed with her foot on the accelerator

· a molecule in the floor of this room
In how many of the situations is the object accelerating?
 Assessing to Learn
A pendulum is released from rest at position A and
swings toward the vertical under the influence of
gravity as depicted below. When at position B, which
direction most nearly corresponds to the direction of
the acceleration?
 Topic 3: Motion in Two Dimensions

TOPIC SUMMARY

©Cengage
 Topic Summary
• Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration in Two
Dimensions

r  r f  ri
 
 r  r
v av  v  lim
t t  0 t

 
 v  v
a av  a  lim
t t  0 t

©Cengage
 Topic Summary
• Two-Dimensional Motion

vx  v0 x  ax t v y  v0 y  a y t
1 2 1 2
x  v0 x t  ax t y  v0 y t  a y t
2 2
vx  v0 x  2ax x
2 2
v y  v0 y  2a y y
2 2

v0 x  v0 cos  v0 y  v0 sin 

 vy 
v  vx 2  v y 2   tan  
1

©Cengage
 vx 
 Topic Summary
• Two-Dimensional Motion

©Cengage
 Topic Summary
• Two-Dimensional Motion

vx  v0 x  v0 cos  0  constant

x  v0 x t   v0 cos  0  t

v y  v0 sin  0  gt
1 2
y   v0 sin  0  t  gt
2
v y   v0 sin  0   2 g y
2 2

©Cengage
 Topic Summary
• Relative Velocity

v AB  v AE  v BE

©Cengage
Q&A Session

• Kindly ask verbally or using chat.

© 2019, University of Cyberjaya. Please do not reproduce, redistribute or share without the prior express permission of the author.
Chapter 4
Newton’s law of Motion

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