EE203 02 Logic Gates

EE203 Digital Design
2. Logic Gates
Instructor: Dr. Abdulkadir Köse

EE203 Digital Design
Logic Gates
 Inverter
 AND
 OR
 NAND  AB
 NOR  A B
X  A  B  AB  A B
 XOR
EE203 Digital Design 2
Inverter
Input Output
Inversion
 Inversion, complementation
 Not circuit
 Changes 1 to 0 and 0 to 1.

 Boolean algebra
 Mathematical theory of logic
 English mathematician George Boole, 1854
 Logic expression of an inverter
“A bar” or “Not A”
 Example application: 1’s complement

AND Gate
 Multiple inputs and one output Three-input AND gate

 Output is 1 only when all of the
inputs are 1.
 Any of the inputs is 0  output is 0.
Two-input
AND gate

 AND: Boolean multiplication
 Logic expression
X = A • B or X = AB
 Application example
 Masking. E.g. Clear right four bits.
 Mask: 11110000
 Input: 10100101
 ‘Mask’ (bitwise) AND ‘Input’  10100000

Bitwise Mask Example
11000000 10101000 00000001 00000010
AND
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
-------------------------------------------------------
11000000 10101000 00000001 00000000
 192.168.1.0

AND Gate Example
- Seatbelt alarm circuit
Example: Suppose that we want to design a simple
automobile seat belt alarm system by using AND gate. The
system shall activate an audible alarm to remind the driver
when the ignition switch is on for 30 s the seat belt is
unbuckled.

AND Gate Example
- Seatbelt alarm circuit

OR Gate
 Multiple inputs and one output

Three-input OR gate
 Output is 1 if any of the inputs is 1.
 Only when all inputs are 0, output is 0.
1
1
1
1
Two-input 1
OR gate 1

 OR: Boolean addition
 Logic expression
X=A+B
 Application example
 Masking. E.g. Setting right four bits.
 Mask: 00001111
 Input: 10100101
 ‘Mask’ (bitwise) OR ‘Input’  10101111

OR Gate Example
- Intrusion detection system
Example: Assume a simplified portion of an intrusion detection and
alarm system. This system could be used for one room in a home—a
room with two Windows and a door. The sensors are magnetic switches
that produce a HIGH output when open and a LOW output when closed.
When one of the windows or the door is opened, it then activates and
latches an alarm circuit to warn of the intrusion.

OR Gate Example
- Intrusion detection system

Timing Diagram

NAND Gate
 AB
• Output is 0 only when all inputs are 1.

• If any of the inputs is 0, output is 1. Three-input NAND gate
• Universal gate
1
1
1
Two-input 1
NAND gate 1
1
1
0

Negative-OR is equal to NAND
00 1 0  0 1
0 1  1 0  1 1
1 0  1 1  0 1
1 1  0 11 0

Universal Application of NAND Gate

NAND Gate Example
- Tank level indicator system

NOR Gate
 A B
• Output is 0 if any of the inputs is 1.

• Only when all inputs are 0, output is 1. Three-input NOR gate
• Universal gate
1
0
0
Two-input 0
0
NOR gate
0
0
0
Negative-AND is equal to NOR
0 0 1 00 1
0 1  0 01  0
1 0  0 10  0
11  0 11  0

Universal Application of NOR Gate

NOR Gate Example
- Landing gear indicator system

Exclusive-OR (XOR) Gate
X  A  B  AB  A B
• Two inputs and one output.

• Output is 1 only when two inputs are different.
• Output is 0 if two inputs are the same.
• Adder without a carry bit.

Exclusive-NOR (XNOR) Gate
X  A  B  AB  A B
• Two inputs and one output.

• Output is 1 only when two inputs are the same.
• Output is 0 if two inputs are different.

Design Example 1
 Automatic outdoor lighting (A) is on (high) when
 Outdoor light sensor (O) indicates dark (low) AND
 Power saving mode (B) is off (low)
OR
 Outdoor light switch (S) is on (high)
A = f(O, B, S)

Design Example 2
 A lamp (L) is on (high) when an odd number of switches are on
(high). There are three switches (A, B, and C) in the room.
L = f(A, B, C)

THANK YOU
ANY QUESTIONS?
Acknowledgment: Slides adapted from Dr. Dooyoung Hah’s lecture notes.

EE203 02 Logic Gates

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

EE203 02 Logic Gates

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

EE203 02 Logic Gates

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

EE203 Digital Design

Instructor: Dr. Abdulkadir Köse

EE203 Digital Design 3

 Example application: 1’s complement

EE203 Digital Design 4

 Multiple inputs and one output Three-input AND gate

EE203 Digital Design 5

EE203 Digital Design 6

EE203 Digital Design 7

EE203 Digital Design 8

EE203 Digital Design 9

 Multiple inputs and one output

EE203 Digital Design 10

EE203 Digital Design 11

EE203 Digital Design 12

EE203 Digital Design 13

EE203 Digital Design 14

• Output is 0 only when all inputs are 1.

EE203 Digital Design 15

EE203 Digital Design 16

EE203 Digital Design 17

EE203 Digital Design 19

• Output is 0 if any of the inputs is 1.

EE203 Digital Design 21

EE203 Digital Design 22

EE203 Digital Design 24

• Two inputs and one output.

EE203 Digital Design 25

• Two inputs and one output.

EE203 Digital Design 26

EE203 Digital Design 27

EE203 Digital Design 28

Acknowledgment: Slides adapted from Dr. Dooyoung Hah’s lecture notes.

EE203 Digital Design 29

You might also like