Environmental Conservation in

the Philippines
Philippine Geographical Location
• Approximately 20 typhoons enter
the Philippine area of responsibility yearly,
an area which incorporates parts of
the Pacific Ocean, the West Philippine Sea,
and the Philippine Archipelago

• According to a 2013 Time Magazine article,

the Philippines is "the most exposed country
in the world to tropical storms"
Typhoons in the Philippines
• The deadliest overall tropical cyclone to affect
the Philippines is believed to have been
the Haiphong typhoon, which is estimated to
have killed up to 20,000 people (September
1881).
• In modern meteorological records, the
deadliest storm was typhoon Yolanda which
became the strongest land-falling tropical
cyclone on record (November 7–8, 2013).
Pacific Ring of Fire
• The country is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire that is why we
experience earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic eruptions.
Top 6 Earthquakes in the Philippines
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs), via The Philippine
Star, has recently revived its “Big One” warning to the public—especially to those
who work and live in Metro Manila—that a magnitude 7.2 earthquake could be
unleashed by the West Valley Fault anytime now, following the magnitude 6.7
earthquake that hit Surigao last February 10.

1. Magnitude 8.0 in Mindanao (August 17, 1876)

2. Magnitude 7.8 in Northern and Central Luzon (July 16, 1990)
3. Magnitude 7.5 in Luzon (November 30, 1645)
4. Magnitude 7.3 in Casiguran, Aurora (August 2, 1968)
5. Magnitude 7.2 in Bohol (October 15, 2013)
6. Magnitude 7.1 in Mindoro (November 15, 1994)
Top 5 Environmental Problems in the
Philippines (2017)
1. Pollution
2. Global warming due to emission of
greenhouse gases
3. Overpopulation
4. Natural Resource Depletion
5. Waste Disposal
1. Pollution
• Pollution, in context, is the introduction of contaminants into the environment
causing adverse change.
• It is present through noise, air and water.
• As we produce more noise, it can interfere with the behavior of certain animals
in the ecosystem. Also, on some studies, the effect of sound waves turns into
heat causing a slight change in the temperature of the environment.
• Smoke belching vehicles and gases from factories are the culprits in contributing
to air pollution.
• On water pollution, incessant throwing of garbage and inappropriate industrial
waste disposal affects our bodies of water, which in turn cause trouble in marine
life.
2. Global Warming Due to
Emission of Greenhouse Gases
• In almost any activity, we emit greenhouse gas such as using our
electricity, cooking and driving our cars.
• As we breathe out, we also produce carbon dioxide. The more people
in a certain area, the bigger carbon dioxide are emitted into the
environment.
• As these gases are produce, it generates heat causing a change in the
climate.
3. Overpopulation
• Overpopulation seeds into a lot of problems. With the need for new
homes, the development of new buildings, houses and
establishments are in order.
• After which the demand for electricity, food and other greenhouse
gases also increases.
• Scarcity of food can be experienced due to the limited ability of the
animals to populate fast.
• Overpopulation also means having more garbage to dispose.
4. Natural Resources Depletion
• Mining and quarrying has become rampant over the years and are to be blamed
for destroying the beauty of our environment.
• Among the natural resources that we have, water, oil and forests are the top
three on the list.
• Fresh water, in reality, is only 2.5% of the world’s total water volume. If the
problems affecting our bodies of water continue, the demand for drinking water
will increase causing water shortage and worse, famine.
• Oil, on the other hand, is used every day for transportation of goods and
electricity.
• Deforestation contributes an estimate of 12% to 17% of greenhouse gas emission
per year. Trees emit oxygen and filter the air. But with lesser trees, flash floods
are likely to happen.
5. Waste Disposal
• Improper waste disposal creates a hazardous problem to everyone. It
may infect people not only physically but through the air and water.
• Garbage thrown in the rivers and canals may not only block our
waterways but it invites rodents to infect the water and soon be
transferred to humans.
• Clogged waterways have a tendency to spill causing flash floods,
which is what is happening here in our country.
• The lack of enough dumpsites and landfills is also a hindrance in
helping to solve our garbage management crisis.
Government Agencies
• Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
• Department of Health (DOH)
• Philippine Sustainable Development Network Foundation
• Environment Management Bureau
• Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau
• Biodiversity Conservation Network (BCN)
• Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Phivolcs)
• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council(NDRRMC)
• Philippine Red Cross
Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)
These are non-profit organizations composed of individuals whose aims
is to render expertise and help one particular sector of society.

• Ecological Society of the Philippines

• Foundation of the Philippine Environment
• Fund for Nature of the Philippines
• Haribon Foundation for the Conservation of Natural Resources Inc.
• NGO’s for Integrated Protected Areas
People’s Organizations (PO’s)
These are organizations composed of indigenous people who are
directly affected and are deeply concerned about a particular issue.
• Katipunan ng mga Katutubong Mamamayan sa Pilipinas (KAMP)
• Ang Nagkakaisang Mamamayan ng Kostal ng Balayan
• Buklod ng Magsasaka Nagkaugat sa Kalikasan
• Luntiang Alyansa sa Bundok Banahaw (LABB)
Earth Summit
• It was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
• Philippine was one of the more that 160 countries who promised to
promote sustainable development based on Agenda 21.
• Agenda 21 was an attempt to balance development and the rapid
integration of countries with the world economy and its implication to
the society and environment.
International Climate Change
Conference
• 24th Conference of Parties or COP 24 - led by Environment Secretary
Roy A. Cimatu. (Poland, December 2018)
• Talks focused on bilateral cooperation agreements and on establishing
mechanisms for undertaking collaborative projects to protect the
environment.
Environmental Assembly
• 4th United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA-4) (Nairobi, Kenya -
March 2019).
• In its national statement, the country also reaffirmed that it is doing
its share to pursue the formulation and implementation of the
Philippine Sustainable Consumption and Production Plan in line with
President Duterte’s directive to make environmental protection and
ensuring sustainable development a top priority of his
administration.
• It also highlighted the six-month rehabilitation of Boracay in 2018 and
the ongoing clean-up of Manila Bay this year.
Private Sector’s Environmental Concern

The UP Marine Science Institute (UP-MSI) through the

Marine Environment and Resources Foundation, Inc. (MERF)
and the PLDT - Smart's Gabay Kalikasan entered into a
partnership agreement on February 12, 2020 at the UP College
of Science (CEB Room). The agreement aims to optimize 24
marine protected areas and empower coastal communities to
help combat climate change.
Environmental Challenges in the
Philippines
(April 2017)
• The Republic of the Philippines is one of most exposed countries in
the world to many “natural” hazards: earthquakes, volcanic eruptions,
tsunami, lahar flows, typhoons, flooding, landslides, and sea level rise.
Earthquake risks make Metro Manila especially vulnerable, due to the
high population density and the poor quality of buildings, partly
linked to corruption. This chapter examines the current policies to
reduce risk in the metropolis and the scales of vulnerability, both at
the national, regional, community and individual levels, focusing on
the resilience of people and society when confronted with danger.
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316324959_Environmenta
l_Challenges_in_the_Philippines
ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS AND CASE
STUDIES: Art, Environment, and Sustainability: Case
Studies on the Philippine Art Practice (October 2016)

• This evaluative article presents two case studies tackling the new-
found indigenous art practice of the Talaandig tribe in the province of
Bukidnon, Philippines, and the contemporary art practice of select
assemblage artists from Metro Manila using found objects.
• This article illustrates how Filipino artists in both the indigenous and
contemporary art scenes are supporting the global campaign of
environmental conservation in message and action.
THANK YOU!