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    Lesson 5 JOURNEY - TO - TRUTH Students

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    Rosalinda Lacuesta
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    Lesson 5 JOURNEY - TO - TRUTH Students

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    Rosalinda Lacuesta
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    journey to truth

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    journey to truth

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    12 views26 pages

    Lesson 5 JOURNEY - TO - TRUTH Students

    Uploaded by

    Rosalinda Lacuesta
    journey to truth

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Chapter 3

    Journey to
    Truth
    Mr. Kenneth Azares
    Doxa A.Ancient roots
    and B.Modern Legacy
    Episteme C.Contemporary Period
    Presentation title 20XX 2
    Questions
    of Truth A. Correspondence Theory
    and B. Linguistic Turn
    Opinion C. Phenomenology and existentialism

    Presentation title 20XX 3


    Doxa and Episteme

    Doxa (opinion)
    Episteme (knowledge)

    Presentation title 20XX 4


    Epistemology

    Branch of philosophy
    which is devoted usually
    with the problem of
    knowledge

    Presentation title 20XX 5


    Doxa and Episteme

    Plato
    - the first to differentiate
    knowledge and opinion
    - Knowledge according to Plato is
    certain; whereas opinion is not
    certain.
    Presentation title 20XX 6
    Plato

    We remain ignorant when


    we rely on opinions for
    they are based on
    appearances and not reality.

    Presentation title 20XX 7


    Plato’s Human Soul has 3 Parts

    Reason
    For harmony to occur,
    reason must govern or
    Emotion
    rule the other two.
    Appetite
    Presentation title 20XX 8
    Plato’s epistemology

    •Appearances are unreliable


    •To learn or to know we need to
    see beyond the material world
    through the use of reason and
    intellect.

    Presentation title 20XX 9


    Aristotle

    Syllogism – a deductive Example


    argument of a certain form All men are mortal
    where a conclusion is
    Socrates is a man
    inferred from two
    premises. Therefore,

    Presentation title
    Socrates is a man 20XX 10
    Rene Descartes

    Born in France
    Phislosopher, scientist and mathematician
    Father of Modern Philosophy

    Meditations on First Philosophy

    Presentation title 20XX 11


    Descartes
    NOTION OF INDUBITABILITY

    • Doubt everything
    • He uses doubt to test the indubitable from
    the dubitable.
    • The statements that cannot be doubted are
    those that are so clear and distinct that one
    could not rationally doubt or reject it.

    Presentation title 20XX 12


    Contemporary Period

    There is no objective
    reality
    Such reality is nothing but a
    conceptual construct
    Presentation title 20XX 13
    Jacques Derrida
    •Deconstruction: challenged
    traditional views in
    philosophy by looking at
    structures of language to
    open up limitless
    interpretations.
    Presentation title 20XX 14
    Checkpoint (Identify)

    1. The branch of philosophy that is concerned with the problem of knowledge.


    2. The Greek term for opinion
    3. The modern philosopher who gave the idea of clear and distinct ideas
    4. An ancient philosopher who invented syllogism as proof or demonstration.
    5. The contemporary philosopher to whom deconstruction is attributed.
    B. Clearly explain why knowledge is not mere opinion.

    Presentation title 20XX 15


    Presentation title 20XX 16
    Questions of Truth
    and Opinion
    Lesson 6

    Presentation title 20XX 17


    Correspondence theory

    •True propositions
    (statements) are those
    that correspond with
    reality.

    Presentation title 20XX 18


    Correspondence Theory

    Examples
    Who is my friend?

    Presentation title 20XX 19


    Linguistic Turn

    • Problems in epistemology are answerable through


    linguistic investigation.
    • Meaning can be achieved through context.
    • The sense or meaning has to be derived in the context
    that the sentence itself provides.
    Presentation title 20XX 20
    Ludwig Wittgenstein
    (1861 – 1947)
    •He recognized that aside from the usual
    meanings that are attached to words
    there are various ways we use them in
    language such as figuratively or
    metaphorically.

    •People must be playing the same game.


    Presentation title 20XX 21
    Phenomenology and Existentialism

    Phenomenology – every consciousness


    is a consciousness of something.
    Remove the subjective and objectify to reach
    for the truth
    Example: a tree

    Presentation title 20XX 22


    Cognitive Attitudes

    1. Natural Attitude – we are comfortable with the things


    that we already know
    2. Transcendental Attitude – when we try our very best to
    direct our consciousness to investigate the essence of
    every phenomenon.

    Presentation title 20XX 23


    Everyone can investigate everything with the right rigor
    and discipline and diligence.

    Edmund Husserl
    Presentation title 20XX 24
    Existentialism
    •Looking at the meaning and
    BE-ING of things
    •Existential philosophy is designed to
    make us see what every existing thing
    means to someone.

    •SUBJECTIVITY
    •Creating meaning for myself.
    Presentation title 20XX 25
    Presenter
    name

    Email address

    Website

    Thank you
    Presentation title 20XX 26

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