Muscular System2
Muscular System2
Muscular System2
Muscular
System
Objectives
Learn the different
muscles in the body.
Know the types,
characteristics and
functions of muscles.
Identify the disorders and
movements of muscle.
Muscular System
- Is a set of tissues in the
body with the ability to
change shape.
·Skeletal Muscle
·Cardiac
Muscle
·Smooth Muscle
Did You Know?
Muscles make up 40% of your
total body weight. (BMI)
The smallest muscles are found in
the middle ear (Stapedius). At just
1 millimeter in length, its purpose
is to stabilize the smallest bone in
the body, the STAPES.
Did You Know?
Voluntary – subject to
conscious control
Most are attached by
tendons to bones
Characteristics of Smooth Muscles
Involuntary – no
conscious control
Slow, sustained and
tireless
Found mainly in the
walls of hollow organs
Characteristics of Cardiac Muscles
Joined to another
muscle cell at an
intercalated disc
Involuntary - no
conscious control
Functions of Muscles
Produce movement
Maintain posture
Stabilize joints
Generate heat
Types of Muscle Contractions
Isotonic
Contractions
The tension in the
muscle remains constant
despite a change in
muscle length
The muscle shortens
Types of Muscle Contractions
Isometric
Contractions
Tension in the muscles
increases
The muscle is unable to
shorten
A muscle generates
Muscle and Body Movement
Movement
is attained due
to a muscle
moving an
Muscle and Body Movement
1. Adduction ~ moving a
body part toward the
midline.
2. Abduction ~ moving a
Types of Body Movements
4. Extension ( Extensor) ~
increasing the angle between two
Types of Body Movements
5. Rotation ~ a circular motion which turns a
body part on its axis.
6. Sphincters ~ ring like muscles that close
body openings.
example: rectum
7. Elevators ~ lift a part of the body
Types of Body Movements
8. Depressors ~ lower a part of the body.
Direction of Muscle
Fibers
Example: RECTUS
(straight)
Relative Size of the
Naming of Body Muscles